Deck 26: Physiology of the Respiratory System

Question 1

Which statement explains why the predicated vital capacity varies with height?

A)Lung strength increases as height increases.
B)Lung capacity is inversely proportional to height.
C)Lung elasticity is inversely proportional to height.
D)Lung volume increases as height increases.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

What does expiratory reserve volume (ERV)measure?

A)Volume of air that can be maximally inhaled at the end of tidal inspiration
B)Volume of air inspired and expired during a single, normal breath
C)Volume of air that can be maximally exhaled at the end of tidal expiration
D)Volume of air that remains in the lungs at the end of maximal expiration

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which term describes the volume of air that remains in the lungs after forced expiration?

A)Inspiratory reserve volume
B)Tidal volume
C)Expiratory reserve volume
D)Residual volume

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Identify the lung volume or capacity labeled "c."

A)Residual volume
B)Expiratory reserve volume
C)Tidal volume
D)Inspiratory reserve volume

Question 5

Which component of the bell jar lung model corresponds to the human lungs?

A)Rubber covering on the base
B)Vertical tubing
C)Glass walls
D)Balloons

Question 6

What happens as a result of a pneumothorax?

A)Lungs inflate.
B)Lungs collapse.
C)Lungs exhale.
D)Lungs rotate.

Question 7

Which should be used to model the lung's action with pulmonary ventilation?

A)A sheep pluck
B)Modeling clay
C)A bell jar
D)A balloon

Question 8

Where are the important respiratory control centers located?

A)Medulla oblongata
B)Thalamus
C)Cerebellum
D)Midbrain

Question 9

Which breathing action is a passive process?

A)Normal/quiet inspiration
B)Forced expiration
C)Normal/quiet expiration
D)Forced inspiration

Question 10

How does the pressure of gas in a closed container compare to the volume of the container?

A)It is constant.
B)It is directly proportional.
C)It is inversely proportional.
D)It is logarithmic.

Question 11

What happens to the blood's pH as blood CO2 levels fall?

A)pH becomes more acidic.
B)Bicarbonate ions absorb the hydrogen ions.
C)pH increases.
D)pH decreases.

Question 12

Which lung volume increases after strenuous exercise?

A)Tidal volume (TV)
B)Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
C)Residual volume (RV)
D)Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)

Question 13

How is a volume measurement different from a capacity?

A)Capacities indicate maximums; volumes indicate minimums.
B)Capacities are directly measured' volumes are calculated.
C)Capacities are calculated; volumes are directly measured.
D)Capacities are calculated by excluding the volumes.

Question 14

Identify the lung volume or capacity labeled "e."

A)Inspiratory capacity
B)Total lung capacity
C)Vital capacity
D)Functional residual capacity

Question 15

Which is the prime mover or agonist of inspiration?

A)Internal intercostal muscles
B)Sternocleidomastoid muscle
C)Diaphragm muscle
D)Pectoralis major muscle

Question 16

What does tidal volume (TV)measure?

A)Volume of air that can be maximally inhaled at the end of tidal inspiration
B)Volume of air that remains in the lungs at the end of maximal expiration
C)Volume of air inspired and expired during a single, normal breath
D)Volume of air that can be maximally exhaled at the end of tidal expiration

Question 17

What happens to blood H+ levels as blood CO2 levels rise?

A)Hydrogen ion levels decrease.
B)Blood becomes more alkaline.
C)Hydrogen ion levels increase.
D)Bicarbonate ions absorb the hydrogen ions.

Question 18

How does age affect lung capacity?

A)Lungs lose elasticity with age, reducing lung volume.
B)Lung capacity increases with age, increasing lung volume.
C)Lung strength decreases with age, increasing capacity.
D)Lung capacity is inversely proportional to age.

Question 19

Which formula describes inspiratory lung capacity?

A)TV + IRV
B)TV + IRV + ERV
C)ERV + RV
D)TV + IRV + ERV + RV

Question 20

How would respiratory volume measurements change after strenuous exercise?

A)Total lung capacity (TLC)would increase.
B)Tidal volume (TV)increases.
C)Residual volume (RV)increases.
D)Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)would increase.

Question 21

When someone hyperventilates, what is happening with his or her carbon dioxide?

A)Carbon dioxide is exhaled more rapidly, decreasing blood CO2 levels.
B)Carbon dioxide in conserved in the blood as oxygen is refreshed in the lungs.
C)Carbon dioxide is exhaled more rapidly; blood CO2 levels remain constant or slightly increase.
D)Carbon dioxide is unaffected; rather, blood oxygen levels are increased.

Question 22

Consider the following respiratory variables: MRV of 7000 mL, RR of 14, VC of 3500 mL, and an IRV of 1800 mL. Calculate the ERV.

A)1200 mL
B)2200 mL
C)800 mL
D)1100 mL

Question 23

Calculate the predicted vital capacity for a 23-year-old-female who is 165 cm in height.

A)3)210 L
B)152.491 L
C)185.369 L
D)9)869 L

Question 24

Calculate the predicted vital capacity for a 56-year-old-male who is 188 cm in height.

A)4)015 L
B)542.624 L
C)240.43 L
D)2)876 L

Question 25

How will breathing rate change with hyperventilation?

A)Breathing rate decreases.
B)Breathing rate decreases and becomes shallow.
C)Breathing rate fluctuates between rapid and slow.
D)Breathing rate becomes rapid.

Question 26

How is blood pH altered by blood carbon dioxide levels?

A)As blood CO2 goes up, hydrogen ion concentration increases, and pH will go down.
B)As blood CO2 goes up, hydrogen ion concentration increases, and bicarbonate ions increase.
C)As blood CO2 goes down, hydrogen ion concentration increases, and pH will go up.
D)As blood CO2 goes down, hydrogen ion concentrations decrease the pH by increasing bicarbonate ions.

Question 27

Consider the following respiratory variables: MRV of 8000 mL, RR of 16, VC of 4800 mL, and an ERV of 1100 mL. Calculate the IRV.

A)3200 mL
B)3500 mL
C)2200 mL
D)3300 mL

Question 28

Calculate the minute respiratory volume for an individual with a tidal volume of 550 mL and a ventilation rate of 13 breaths per minute.

A)7150 mL
B)71.5 L
C)429 L
D)33 L