Deck 14: Introduction to the Nervous System

Question 1

Presynaptic vesicles are located in the ________.

A)axon hillocks
B)neurofibrils
C)axon terminals
D)telodendria

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The ________ surrounds a bundle of nerve fibers.

A)epineurium
B)endoneurium
C)perineurium
D)None of the answers are correct.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The ________ is located on the postsynaptic membrane.

A)receptor
B)axon terminal
C)neurotransmitter
D)synaptic vesicle

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The ________ is a gateway for most sensory impulses traveling to the cerebral cortex.

A)sensory neuron
B)visual association area
C)effector
D)thalamus

Question 5

Which labeled structure marks the nodes of Ranvier?

A)J
B)K
C)I
D)H

Question 6

Which labeled structure marks the axon hillock?

A)F
B)H
C)E
D)G

Question 7

Which labeled structure marks the neurofibrils?

A)B
B)C
C)A
D)D

Question 8

A chemical messenger is also called a ________.

A)calcium channel
B)receptor
C)neurotransmitter
D)myelin sheath

Question 9

The ________ synthesize or produce neurotransmitters.

A)Nissl bodies
B)telodendria
C)axon terminals
D)neurofibrils

Question 10

Which of the following statements is not true concerning a nerve?:

A)It is an organ.
B)It is comprised primarily of nervous tissue.
C)It is found in the central nervous system.
D)It conducts electrical messages.

Question 11

A neuroglial cell ________.

A)supports neurons
B)conducts electrical impulses along axons
C)receives electrical impulses from sensory organs
D)conducts electrical impulses between neurons

Question 12

Which event occurs last at the neuromuscular junction?

A)Neurotransmitters enter the synaptic cleft.
B)Sodium channels on the motor end plate open.
C)An action potential reaches the presynaptic membrane.
D)Sodium enters the muscle fiber.

Question 13

The ________ transmits electrical impulses to the muscle.

A)motor neuron
B)sensory neuron
C)thalamus
D)effector

Question 14

Which motor response could be used to calculate reaction time?

A)Blinking in response to air movement
B)Knee-jerk response to hammer hitting the quadriceps tendon
C)Rapidly moving to a standing position
D)Catching a dropped meter stick

Question 15

Which neuroglial cell produces myelin in the peripheral nervous system?

A)Schwann cell
B)Oligodendrocyte
C)Astrocyte
D)Microglial cell

Question 16

Which labeled structure marks the axon terminals?

A)J
B)A
C)D
D)G

Question 17

Which two factors or structures increase the speed of nerve impulse conduction?

A)Graded conduction and saltatory conduction
B)Myelin sheath and location of axon hillock
C)Myelin sheath and graded conduction
D)Myelin sheath and saltatory conduction

Question 18

Which stimulus was not tested in the Calculating Reaction Time experiment?

A)Auditory
B)Olfactory
C)Visual
D)Tactile

Question 19

What neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction?

A)Serotonin
B)Acetylcholine
C)Epinephrine
D)Calcium

Question 20

Following the components of a neural pathway, which event would occur first?

A)Transmission of the electrical impulse to the effector organ
B)Transduction of the stimulus into an electrical impulse
C)Transduction of the electrical impulse from the thalamus to precentral gyrus
D)Transmission of the electrical impulse to the thalamus

Question 21

Neurotransmitters are stored in ________.

A)Nissl bodies
B)axon hillocks
C)telodendria
D)synaptic vesicles

Question 22

Letter e is marking the ________.

A)perineurium
B)endoneurium
C)epineurium
D)fascicle

Question 23

Predict what you would find after removing the epineurium of a peripheral nerve.

A)Multiple fascicles each covered by an perineurium
B)Multiple fascicles covered by an endoneurium
C)Multiple axons each covered by an endoneurium.
D)Schwann cells

Question 24

Which statement is the most likely if drug X has a stimulatory effect at a synapse?

A)Drug X opens chloride channels on the postsynaptic membrane.
B)Drug X opens potassium channels on the postsynaptic membrane
C)Drug X opens sodium channels on the postsynaptic membrane.
D)Drug X causes hyperpoloarization of the postsynaptic membrane.

Question 25

The cell body is marked by letter ________.

A)C
B)D
C)E
D)F

Question 26

Which of the following will you find in a dorsal root ganglion?

A)Satellite cells
B)Schwann cells
C)Multipolar neuron cell bodies
D)Bipolar neuron cell bodies

Question 27

Which lettered structure marks a neuroglial cell?

A)B
B)C
C)D
D)A

Question 28

If you are examining a Node of Ranvier, what part of the neuron are you immediately observing?

A)Axolemma of an axon
B)Cell body
C)Axon
D)Schwann cells.

Question 29

Letter b is marking the ________.

A)fascicle
B)neurofibrils
C)node of Ranvier
D)telodendria

Question 30

Both astrocytes and microglial cells have cytoplasm extensions. Explain how you can distinguish the two types of cells microscopically.

A)Astrocytes are associated with capillaries.
B)Microglial cells are found in the peripheral nervous system.
C)Astrocytes cover the cell bodies of unipolar neurons.
D)Microglial cells myelinate the axons of motor neurons.

Question 31

If a neurotransmitter fails to bind to receptors on the motor end plate, which of the following events would be the first one to fail to occur?

A)Ligand-gated sodium channels would not open.
B)Calcium ions would not enter the axon terminal.
C)Sodium ions would not enter the postsynaptic neuron.
D)A postsynaptic action potential would not be triggered.

Question 32

Letter a is marking the ________.

A)neuroglial cell
B)axon
C)Schwann cell
D)nucleus

Question 33

Letter a is marking the ________.

A)perineurium
B)axon
C)fascicle
D)myelin sheath

Question 34

What happens immediately after an action potential reaches the presynaptic membrane at a chemical synapse?

A)A calcium influx triggers the release of neurotransmitters.
B)Neurotransmitters binds to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron.
C)Sodium rushes into the postsynaptic neuron.
D)Sodium rushes out of the presynaptic neuron.