Deck 1: What Is Health Cultural and Historical Roots

Question 1

The study of the frequency, distribution, and causes of different disease is known as ______.

A)epidemiology
B)medical anthropology
C)medical sociology
D)biopsychometrics

Answer 1

epidemiology

Question 2

Which of the following is the primary focus of health psychology?

A)health promotion and maintenance and preventing and treating illness
B)revising the health care system
C)understanding the etiology of health and illness
D)finding the cure for disease like HIV and cancer

Answer 2

health promotion and maintenance and preventing and treating illness

Question 3

Traditional Chinese Medicine has the following understanding of health.

A)Eat and drink an equal amounts of hot and cold qualities.
B)Have more yin than yang.
C)The way you live your life should have more cold qualities because they include more vegetables.
D)Have more yang than yin.

Answer 3

Eat and drink an equal amounts of hot and cold qualities.

Question 4

Which of the following is TRUE?

A)Women live longer than men.
B)Very few differences in health are correlated with sex.
C)Men use health services more than their female counterparts.
D)The male sex hormone testosterone has a protective effect against cardiovascular illness in men.

Question 5

Which of the following is FALSE?

A)Socioeconomic status impacts mortality and morbidity.
B)Biological sex is different from sexual orientation.
C)SES is correlated with body mass index in young adults.
D)Most health disparities are caused by factors related to sex rather than cultural factors.

Question 6

Every day, each of our behaviors can influence our health.Given the many components of being healthy, health is best conceptualized as ______.

A)one-dimensional
B)a continuum
C)absolute
D)unstable

Question 7

Which of the following individuals would be LEAST LIKELY to balance hot and cold in what they eat and drink as well as the way they live their lives?

A)James, a Chinese male living in China
B)Jordan, a European American male living in the U.S.
C)Vijay, an Indian male living in India
D)Alejandro, a Mexican male living in Mexico

Question 8

Which of these circumstances is related to a higher occurrence of most chronic and infectious disorders?

A)sex
B)race
C)socioeconomic status
D)geographical location

Question 9

______ refer(s) to the number of cases of a disease that exist at some given point in time.

A)Morbidity
B)Epidemiology
C)Mortality
D)Clinical health psychology data

Question 10

The World Health Organization defines health as ______.

A)the absence of disease
B)mental, physical, spiritual, and psychological well-being
C)spiritual balance
D)a pulse rate of 120/50 and a heart rate of 55 beats per minute

Question 11

One aspect of health that the WHO definition of health does NOT include is ______.

A)physical health
B)spiritual health
C)social well-being
D)mental well-being

Question 12

Culture is best defined as ______.

A)a set of beliefs shared by a group and transmitted across generation
B)religion and family values
C)race and ethnicity
D)the values of our parents and extended family members

Question 13

Brianne is conducting research to better understand why women living in the southern part of the state have higher rates of breast cancer than do their counterparts in the north.Brianne is most likely a(n) ______.

A)epidemiologist
B)cultural anthropologist
C)medical sociologist
D)cultural psychologists

Question 14

______ was the Greek philosopher known for his explanation of sickness as being caused by an imbalance for four major bodily fluids.

A)Plato
B)Hippocrates
C)Galen
D)Aginostophenes

Question 15

Based on oral traditions and pictorial evidence from early civilizations, history suggests that our ancestors considered the mind and body to ______.

A)be one
B)be connected
C)be separate
D)be part of the spirit

Question 16

Helen Dunbar and Franz Alexander were instrumental in establishing the earliest organization to study psychological determinants on health.It is called ______.

A)Health Psychology
B)Psychosomatic Medicine
C)Society for Behavioral Medicine
D)American Psychosomatic Association

Question 17

The major approach used by health psychologists is the ______.

A)biomedical model
B)biosocial model
C)psychosocial model
D)biopsychosocial model

Question 18

______ is considered the father of Western medicine.In fact, all physicians take some form of an oath named after him before they practice medicine.

A)Galen
B)Plato
C)Socrates
D)Hippocrates

Question 19

Health psychology is best described as an interdisciplinary subspecialty of psychology primarily focused on ______.

A)studying the frequency, distribution, and causes of different diseases
B)discovering the biological causes of illness
C)promoting and maintain health and preventing and treating illness
D)the study of happiness and well-being

Question 20

The first psychologist to link illness with psychological causes was ______.

A)Freud
B)Alexander
C)Dunbar
D)Wundt

Question 21

Native Americans draw distinctions between physical, spiritual, and social entities, and especially draw distinctions between religion and medicine.

Question 22

African Americans (indicated as "blacks") are at a higher risk for death from heart disease than Caucasians (indicated as "whites").

Question 23

Which of the following is FALSE regarding research on SES?

A)Neighborhood SES is correlated with a number of health practices.
B)SES is related to many causes of mortality, but not morbidity.
C)Perceptions, or subjective judgments, of how well-off one's family is influence health.
D)The effects of a family's SES continue into adulthood.

Question 24

One of the most important aspects of culture is socioeconomic status (SES).SES is commonly measured by ______.

A)family income, parental education and occupational status
B)age, income and place of residence
C)an individual's age, sex, and family size
D)social and economic skills, and level of education

Question 25

Traditional Mexican American patients may go to a Western doctor to cure a biological problem but only curanderos, or healers, can be trusted to cure spiritual problems.

Question 26

The Purnell Model is a model of ______.

A)stress and coping
B)behavior change
C)adherence
D)cultural competence

Question 27

Of the following individuals, who is most likely to die of homicide, heart disease, diabetes and cancer?

A)Manuel, a Latino American male
B)Stephen, an Asian American male
C)Shameer, an African American male
D)Mark, a Caucasian American male

Question 28

The multidisciplinary organization formed in 1978 to focus on the influences of behavior on health and well-being is ______.

A)the World Health Organization
B)Psychosomatic Medicine
C)Society of Behavioral Medicine
D)American Psychological Association

Question 29

______ characterizes health as the state in which the enzymes, tissues, and excretory functions are "in harmonious condition." In addition, "the mind and senses are cheerful."

A)Traditional Chinese Medicine
B)Traditional Navajo medicine
C)Western style medicine
D)Ayurveda

Question 30

A health psychologist would most likely conduct research to answer the following:

A)What interventions work best to get adolescents to stop smoking e-cigarettes?
B)What is causing the high number of eye cancers in two parts of the U.S.?
C)Is weight more determined by genes or environment?
D)Which of the five most popular types of e-cigarettes is more carcinogenic?

Question 31

A researcher conducted a study asking a large number of participants whether they were healthy as well as their definition of health.S.T.said that she was healthy because she was not sick.S.T.most likely follows ______.

A)a Native American model of health
B)the belief system of Ayurveda
C)a traditional Chinese medicine model
D)a Western model of health

Question 32

People of the ______ faith make up the smallest percentage of Americans today.

A)Jewish
B)Protestant
C)Catholic
D)Muslim

Question 33

S.M.sees health as the balance of yin and yang, two complementary forces in the universe.She most likely takes a(n) ______ approach to health.

A)biomedical
B)traditional Chinese medicine
C)American Indian
D)Ayurveda

Question 34

Leonardo Da Vinci, an Italian artist during the Renaissance, was able to draw detailed diagrams of the human body due, in part, to the encouragement of the Roman Catholic Church for scientists and artists of that era to perform dissections.This is one example of the spiritual/physical connectiveness of Health Psychology.

Question 35

Ayurveda is an ancient Native American system of medicine that focuses on the body, the sense organs, the mind and the soul.

Question 36

This Harvard psychologist wrote the first book in psychology.______ was also one of the earliest psychologists to write about spirituality, health, and psychology.

A)Freud
B)Wundt
C)James
D)Dunbar

Question 37

Dr.Gillum is studying the number of deaths in New York City attributed to AIDS/HIV.Dr.Gillum is collecting data on ______.

A)mortality
B)relative risk
C)morbidity
D)incidence rate

Question 38

Many health psychologists are ______.

A)clinicians
B)molecular biologists
C)neonatologists
D)anthropologists

Question 39

According to the most recent census data, ______ make up the largest percentage of the U.S.population.

A)Asian Americans
B)African Americans or Blacks
C)Native Americans
D)European Americans or Whites

Question 40

The answer to "are you healthy" can vary according to how old you are, what your parents and friends think constitutes health, and what your religious or ethnic background is, and what a variety of other factors indicate about you.

Question 41

How does socioeconomic status affect the health of individuals?

Question 42

Morbidity is defined as the number of deaths related to a specific cause.

Question 43

Dr.Lopez conducts research on interventions to help adolescents stop smoking.Her most recent research examines attitudes toward e-cigarettes.Dr.Lopez was most likely trained as a physician in medical school.

Question 44

Dr.Lopera and Dr.Martinez are health psychologists who belong to APA Division 38, the subdivision of the American Psychological Association referred to as the Society for Health Psychology.Give an example of an area of research each might study.

Question 45

Regarding the definition regarding culture: answer the social psychologist test question "Who am I?" Please include at least five different definitions of culture within your answer.

Question 46

Shingles is a painful skin rash caused by reactivation of the virus that causes chicken pox.In the last two months, Shanice has been going through a particularly stressful time in her life.When asked by her friend how she thinks she got shingles, she quickly responds, "It's a virus." This is an example of a biomedical explanation of illness.

Question 47

Clinical psychologists such as Freud have contributed to the development of the field of Health psychology

Question 48

Compare and contrast the beliefs and values of traditional Mexican American and most Native American tribes concerning health care.

Question 49

Define, compare and contrast Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ayurveda.