Deck 9: Aging

Question 1

________ involves studying the physiological aspects of aging and the unique health concerns of older persons.

A) Gerontology
B) Geriatrics
C) Demography
D) Urbanization
E) Socialization

Answer 1

B

Question 2

________ ________ occurs when a society is experiencing a growth in the proportion of its people who are older; typically 65 and over.

A) Urban growth
B) Demographic aging
C) Population aging
D) Rural growth
E) Institutional aging.

Answer 2

Population aging

Question 3

________ women have been described as the "crème de la crème" because they tend to have higher levels of education and occupational prestige than their married counterparts.

Answer 3

Single

Question 4

________ involves studying the physiological aspects of aging and the unique health concerns of older persons.

Question 5

The debate regarding mandatory ________ reflects the ongoing tension between individual justice and comparative justice, or group rights.

Question 6

Viewing population aging as a ________ crisis is a perfect example of turning something very positive-the unprecedented opportunity to live a long and mostly healthy life-into a problem rather than a welcome challenge.

Question 7

The ______ of the older population has improved steadily over the last century.

Question 8

The financial setback suffered by many women when a husband dies can be described as a ________ issue, because it is a consequence of a social world built upon a gendered division of labour in which women depend upon their partners for financial security.

Question 9

The support provided to older people can be either _____or _____.

Question 10

The average age of the ________ population is much younger than for the total Canadian population, reflecting lower life expectancy, higher rates of some diseases, and poorer services.

Question 11

The fastest-growing portion of our population consists of Canadians aged:

A) 65 years and over
B) 21 years and over
C) 85 years and over
D) 55 years and over
E) 30 years and over

Question 12

The ________ ________ approach documents the shortcomings of older persons' social network, the burden of providing care, the conflicts that may ensue between older parents and their children, and more generally, the negative impact of the ups and downs of old age on the parent-child relationship.

Question 13

The ________ perspective encourages us to connect the lives of older persons to their earlier lives.

Question 14

In terms of martial status, trends indicate that growing proportions of Canadians will enter old age ________.

Question 15

Population aging occurs when a society is experiencing growth in the proportion of its people who are older, typically age ________ and over.

Question 16

The ________ perspective focuses upon the strength of family ties between generations.

Question 17

It is generally agreed that the two basic objectives of our retirement income system-ensuring both an adequate basic income for all seniors and an adequate ________-have not been met.

Question 18

The personal incomes of women are far lower than those of men. This means that loss or absence of a spouse leaves women in a far worse financial position than is true for men, with the exception of the ________ woman, in which case older women have higher incomes than older men.

Question 19

According to Canadian Family Physician (May, 1999), ________ is often not diagnosed among the elderly, in part because the symptoms are taken as part of being an older person.

Question 20

In comparison with the United States, Canada has been described as a country that favours a more ________ solution to problems, as is evident in universal social programs such as health care.

Question 21

G Good public policy requires health promotion initiatives rather than responding to illness only. This includes all of the following except: a. Augmenting

A) Augmenting community-based support
B) Recognizing that most assistance to older persons is not self-provided or provided by family, friends, and neighbours
C) Additional expenditure in the short run
D) Multi-pronged approach to health that involves coordination self-care, informal support, home-based formal care, residential options
E) Traditional interventions

Question 22

Proponents of ________ theory argued that the withdrawal of older persons from active social life (particularly the labour force) is functional for both the individual and the larger society.

A) activity
B) maturation
C) age
D) chronological
E) disengagement

Question 23

The ________ perspective maintains that each age cohort must make its way through a system of expectations and rewards that are based on age. Hence, society is described as age-graded.

A) exchange theory
B) heterogeneous
C) critical theoryd. life course perspectivee.
D) life course perspectivee.
E) age-stratification

Question 24

It is common for women over 75 to be

A) verbally or physically abused by their adult children
B) living below the poverty line
C) widowed
D) suffering from the effects of ill health
E) financially secure

Question 25

In support of ________ retirement is the argument embedded in disengagement theory that a uniform age of retirement ensures the smooth exit of older persons from the labour market, freeing a predictable number of positions for younger persons to fill.

A) flexible
B) mandatory
C) individual
D) comparative
E) registered

Question 26

The approach that emphasizes aging as a process, highlighting the connection of older persons to their own life histories, the history of their times, and to younger generations, while connecting their biographies to social structure, is known as the:

A) symbolic interactionist perspective
B) social constructionist theory
C) critical theory
D) age graded theory
E) life course perspective

Question 27

While it is an arbitrary cut-off, 65 is a/an ________ of later life, the conventional retirement age in most Western countries.

A) social marker
B) entitlement marker
C) gerontological
D) age-stratification
E) period effect

Question 28

Compare and contrast any two theories that explain the social aspects of aging (e.g., activity theory, the age-stratification perspective, etc.).

Question 29

Proponents of disengagement theory argued that the withdrawal of older persons from active social life (particularly the labour force) is functional for both the and the .

A) family ties, old age
B) age-graded, left behind
C) normative, values
D) individual, larger society
E) maturation, death

Question 30

The ________ theory maintains that the best prescription for a successful old age is to remain active and to take on new activities in later life to supplant those that have been left behind.

A) age-graded
B) interest
C) age-stratification
D) heterogeneous
E) activity

Question 31

Older single men tend to compare ________ to their married counterparts, and older single women compare ________ to their married counterparts.

A) more favourably; less favourably
B) less favourably; more favourably
C) less favourably; less favourably
D) more favourably; about the same
E) less favourably; about the same

Question 32

The ________ approach tends to portray social structure in quite static terms and portrays individuals as fairly passive followers of society's norms and rules.

A) exchange
B) conflict
C) normative
D) age-graded
E) interpretive

Question 33

Three approaches to studying intergenerational relationships are the:

A) age-graded, familial, social
B) spousal, intimate, critical
C) solidarity perspective, social problems, ambivalent
D) substantial, critical, solidarity perspective
E) feminist, social constructionist, life course

Question 34

In asking questions about the impact of population aging on society as a whole, a researcher would be adopting what type of approach?

A) macro-level
B) structural-level
C) gender-level
D) micro-level
E) cross-sectional

Question 35

The ________ perspective emphasizes the subjective experience of older persons and their ability to exercise agency in negotiations with others.

A) social constructionist
B) critical theorist
C) age graded
D) structural lag
E) life course

Question 36

The approach that focuses on the relatively weak bargaining position of older persons in their exchanges with younger ones is known as:

A) exchange theory
B) dominant theory
C) disengagement theory
D) active theory
E) age-stratification

Question 37

________ analysis is concerned with the experience of aging at the individual level.

A) Macro-level
B) Structural-level
C) Gender-level
D) Micro-level
E) Cross-sectional

Question 38

The concept of ________ refers to the society's failure to respond fast enough to the aging of the population and to the changes in the life course of individuals.

A) social stratification
B) structural lag
C) perspective loss
D) political overkill
E) disengagement theory

Question 39

The ________ is criticized for its conservative bias and its underplaying of conflict and contradiction.

A) solidarity perspective
B) social constructionist perspective
C) feminist perspective
D) political economy of aging perspective
E) exchange theory perspective

Question 40

According to Statistics Canada, 2006 Census, there are: f. more married women than men aged 65 - 74
G) more married women than men aged 75 - 85
H) more married women than men aged 85+
I) more single women than men aged 65 - 74
J) the same number of single women and men aged 65 - 84

Question 41

Discuss the extent to which physical decline and health problems shape interaction with significant others.

Question 42

Explain why rising health care costs raise concerns for an aging population in Canada.

Question 43

Briefly describe any two government-sponsored social support programs for seniors in Canada.

Question 44

It is generally agreed that the two basic objectives of our retirement income system-ensuring both an adequate basic income for all seniors and an adequate standard of living-have been met in Canada.

Question 45

In comparison with the United States, Canada has been described as a country that favours a more collective (rather than individual) solution to problems, as is evident in universal social programs such as health care.

Question 46

The life course perspective encourages us to connect the lives of older persons to their earlier lives.

Question 47

The "third age" is characterized by retirement, independence, and good health, and the "fourth age" represents a period of growing vulnerability.

Question 48

Disengagement theory argues that the withdrawal of older persons from active social life is functional for both the individual and the larger society

Question 49

Explain how life transitions affect sibling ties over the years.

Question 50

What are the pros and cons of mandatory retirement? For society? For the individual?

Question 51

Age 85 is a commonly used social marker of later life.

Question 52

Discuss the pros and cons of unmarried same-sex partners becoming entitled to CPP survivor's benefits, per the March 1, 2007, Supreme Court of Canada ruling.

Question 53

The average age of the Indigenous (Aboriginal) population is much younger than for the total Canadian population, reflecting lower life expectancy, higher rates of some diseases, and poorer services.

Question 54

Macro-level analysis is concerned with the experience of aging at the individual level.

Question 55

Outcomes that result from having been a certain age at a certain point in time and capture the impact of a historical time or period are referred to as period effects.

Question 56

The personal income of women are far lower than those of men, which means that absence of a spouse leaves women in a far worse financial position than is true of men.

Question 57

It is common for women over 75 to be widowed.

Question 58

Gerontology involves the physiological aspects of aging and the unique health concerns of older people.

Question 59

According to Canadian Family Physician (May, 1999), depression is often not diagnosed among the elderly, in part because the symptoms are taken as part of being an older person.

Question 60

Three approaches to studying intergenerational relationships are the: solidarity perspective, social problems and finally the ambivalent approach.

Question 61

On March 1, 2007, unmarried same-sex partners became entitled to CPP survivor's benefits

Question 62

Lifestyle changes among women, such as more smoking, alcohol, consumption, and driving, is narrowing the life expectancy gap between men and women.