Deck 12: Neuroscience, Addictions Counseling, and Psychopharmacology

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a neurotransmitter?

A) Lorazepam
B) Serotonin
C) Dopamine
D) GABA
E) Norepinephrine

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The continuum of drug behavior follows what pattern?

A) recreational drug use, habit formation, addiction.
B) habit formation, psychological dependency, recreational use, addiction.
C) recreational use, psychological dependency, habit formation, addiction.
D) indulgence, escalation, escape, denial.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The diet of a drug abuser often:

A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) significantly increases temporarily.
D) is not affected by drug abuse.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Outpatient treatment for adolescent drug and alcohol addiction often includes:

A) 12-step program involvement.
B) cognitive-behavioral interventions.
C) family therapy sessions.
D) all of the above.

Question 5

Adolescents who are frequent drug abusers appear to be:

A) emotionally withdrawn.
B) engaged in increasingly deviant lifestyle.
C) increasing antisocial behavior.
D) generally unhappy.
E) all of the above.

Question 6

According to research by Young (2004), which of the following are NOT part of the diagnostic criteria for Internet addiction?

A) Preoccupation with thoughts of going online, interfering with other relationships and activities.
B) Spending increasing amounts of time online, or cutting down and feeling badly.
C) Using the Internet as your primary research tool for school or work.
D) Using time online to avoid other problems and lying about it.

Question 7

When viewing adolescent drug addiction from the perspective of family dynamics, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT:

A) whether the adolescent becomes dependent on their drug of choice is a matter of genetics.
B) the family may be stabilized by focusing on the distraction of the adolescent's addictive behaviors.
C) the adolescent may have feelings of power and control, since the family is powerless to stop their addiction.
D) the family scapegoats the adolescent addict, deepening destructive patterns.

Question 8

All of the following are SSRI's EXCEPT:

A) Prozac.
B) Wellbutrin.
C) Paxil.
D) Zoloft.
E) Celexa.

Question 9

Although neuroscience research has many positive implications for developments in counseling, there are some concerns among professionals. These include all of the following EXCEPT:

A) scientists may be led to assume biological causes can be found for complex human behavior.
B) the trend to seek medications as the solutions to psychological problems could intensify.
C) science moves slowly and images discovered through fMRI and PET scans may be leading us down false trails.
D) clients find scientific discussions to be discomforting and confusing.

Question 10

Addictions counseling involves clients who abuse:

A) only alcohol and narcotics.
B) gambling.
C) shopping.
D) all of the above.

Question 11

The stages of change in Prochaska and DiClemente's (1992) model are:

A) admitted powerlessness, turned over my will, came to believe, admitted faults, made amends, shared with other sufferers.
B) pre-contemplation, preparation, contemplation, action, and maintenance.
C) first use, re-use, dependence, addiction, withdrawal, and recovery.
D) pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about drug use and abuse is most true?

A) The most widely used and abused drugs are illegal.
B) Drug use is not common in the animal kingdom.
C) Alcohol has permeated every known culture.
D) Coffee, cigarettes, chocolate, and cola all have sufficient quantities of amphetamines to create full-fledged addictions.

Question 13

The difference between drug use and drug abuse is the:

A) degree of need for the drug.
B) quantity of the drug that is ingested.
C) quality of the drug that is ingested.
D) all of the above.

Question 14

All of the following are characteristics of effective adolescent addiction prevention programs EXCEPT:

A) they include parent/family involvement.
B) they are fully funded through health insurance premiums.
C) they follow an integrated, holistic concept of healthful living.
D) they are closely connected with positive school climates.
E) they are long-term commitments, not temporary "quick-fixes."

Question 15

Treatment of the drug abuser usually requires:

A) individual therapy sessions.
B) family counseling.
C) group counseling.
D) all of the above.

Question 16

An addiction is defined as a persistent, chronic, and intense focus on a single behavior pattern that feels:

A) internally controlled.
B) out of control.
C) transient.
D) pleasurable.

Question 17

One explanation for why counseling approaches like cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness training may be effective in reducing emotional arousal is:

A) they help the cortex regulate the amygdala or other structures associated with fear.
B) they help the amygdala regulate the cortex or other structures associated with fear.
C) they focus on regulating neurotransmitters.
D) none of the above.

Question 18

All of the following are true with regard to addictions counseling EXCEPT:

A) many people engage in mood-altering behavior to create feelings of euphoria or well-being, or to block out painful events.
B) clients clearly understand the physical and mental effects of alcohol and most drugs.
C) drug taking and alcohol use are behaviors and can therefore be understood and modified.
D) drug/alcohol use will not decrease unless there is an adequate substitute.
E) drug or alcohol abuse can be assessed from the client's behavior.

Question 19

"My client has ADHD; his brain's hard-wiring is faulty." What is inaccurate about this statement?

A) ADHD has no ties to neuroscience.
B) Neurons are not connected like wires.
C) Nothing is scientifically inaccurate, but it is ethically questionable.
D) None of the above