Deck 20: Safe Medication Preparation

Question 1

The prescribed dose of Tylenol is given to a patient.The nurse recognizes the name Tylenol as which of the following?

A) Chemical name
B) Trade name
C) Generic name
D) Canadian Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialties

Answer 1

Trade name

Question 2

The patient is to receive a medication via the sublingual route.Which action by the nurse is appropriate?

A) Placing the medication under the tongue
B) Crushing the medication before administration
C) Offering the patient a glass of orange juice after administration
D) Using sterile technique to administer the medication

Answer 2

Placing the medication under the tongue

Question 3

To prevent medication errors,which action should be taken by the nurse?

A) Clarify illegible prescriptions with the prescriber.
B) Document the medication before administration.
C) Read medication labels two times when preparing.
D) Prepare all of the patient's medications for the shift at the same time.

Answer 3

Clarify illegible prescriptions with the prescriber.

Question 4

The nurse enters the patient's room to give medications.Which action is most appropriate to identify the "right patient"?

A) Ask the patient to state her name.
B) Ask the patient to state her name and birth date.
C) Ask the primary nurse to identify the patient.
D) Say the patient's name and date of birth and request patient validation.

Question 5

An 80-year-old patient who complains of feeling "anxious" is given lorazepam.The patient becomes agitated and delirious.The nurse documents this reaction to lorazepam as which of the following?

A) Toxicity
B) Side effect
C) Idiosyncratic reaction
D) Allergic reaction

Question 6

The nurse receives a prescription to give a medication parenterally.The nurse will administer this medication by which route?

A) Oral
B) Topical
C) Sublingual
D) Intramuscular

Question 7

The nurse is caring for several patients.The patient in which situation can safely receive oral medications?

A) Nausea with frequent episodes of vomiting
B) Taking a daily dose of vitamins
C) Nasogastric tube connected to suction
D) Diagnosed with an esophageal stricture

Question 8

A patient is receiving vancomycin intravenously (IV)every 8 hours at 0800,1600,and 2400.A serum peak and trough level is prescribed after the third dose,which will be given at 1600.When should the nurse draw up the trough level?

A) 1630
B) 1800
C) 2330
D) 2400

Question 9

The nurse is preparing to administer medication to a patient who is alert and oriented.When medications are reviewed with the patient,the patient states that he does not take metoprolol.Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

A) Ignore the patient's statement and give the medication.
B) Withhold the medication.
C) Convince the patient that the doctor prescribed it,and he should take it.
D) Give the medication and check the prescription afterward.

Question 10

A patient with persistent back pain has been taking oral morphine sulphate for the past 2 years.On admission to the hospital,the patient receives morphine sulphate for back pain but reports no pain relief.The nurse notifies the health care provider,recognizing that the reason for the lack of pain relief is which of the following?

A) Side effect of the morphine
B) Medication dependence
C) Idiosyncratic response to the morphine
D) Medication tolerance

Question 11

The patient is complaining of severe leg pain.No pain medication is prescribed,so the nurse calls the health care provider.A prescription for Tylenol with Codeine prn is given,in addition to a one-time prescription for morphine sulphate to be given stat.Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

A) Give the morphine sulphate and Tylenol with Codeine immediately.
B) Give the Tylenol with Codeine now.
C) Give the morphine sulphate immediately.
D) Ask the patient which medication he would like first.

Question 12

The nurse is calculating a medication dosage using the metric system.A vial contains 1 mL of fluid,and the nurse calculates the correct dosage to be half of the medication in the vial.How should the nurse document the correct dosage?

A) mL
B) .5 mL
C) 0.5 mL
D) 0.50 mL

Question 13

The nurse is aware that a patient with liver disease and a decreased albumin level may develop which of the following effects?

A) Toxicity on normal doses of medication
B) Less active medication available in the body
C) Reduction in therapeutic effect
D) Accelerated biotransformation of the medication

Question 14

The nurse is teaching a patient how to measure medication dosages at home.The prescription is written for 30 mL of the medication.Which household measurement will the nurse teach the patient to use?

A) Drops
B) Teaspoon
C) Tablespoon
D) Cup

Question 15

When medications are administered,which action by the nurse is appropriate?

A) Administering medications prepared by another nurse
B) Using sterile technique for nonparenteral medications
C) Leaving medication at the bedside when the patient is in the bathroom
D) Documenting the reason for medication refusal in the nurse's notes

Question 16

The nurse is preparing a liquid medication.Which action is most appropriate?

A) Pour the liquid medication toward the label.
B) Draw the liquid slowly into a syringe.
C) Pour the medication into a medication cup on a flat surface at eye level.
D) Measure the poured liquid to the top of the meniscus.

Question 17

The hospital uses a unit-dose system for medication distribution.The nurse recognizes that this system includes which safety feature?

A) All medications are kept in the patient's drawer.
B) Liquids are kept in multidose containers to prevent spillage.
C) Narcotics are kept in an area separate from the patient's regular medications.
D) The nurse is responsible for restocking the medication drawers daily.

Question 18

When controlled substances are administered,which action is required by the nurse?

A) Discard and sign for unused quantities.
B) Count the amount of medication daily.
C) Keep narcotics to be given with other patient medications.
D) Have a second nurse witness disposal of unused portions and sign the record.

Question 19

A patient admitted to the hospital with pneumonia has intravenous (IV)antibiotics prescribed.He receives the first dose with no problem,but during the second dose,he begins to complain of shortness of breath and difficulty breathing.The nurse notes wheezes throughout the lung fields.The nurse documents these symptoms as which of the following?

A) Idiosyncratic reaction
B) Toxic effect of the antibiotic
C) Side effect of the medication
D) Anaphylactic reaction

Question 20

During the admission process,the patient states that he stopped taking daily aspirin because of nausea.The nurse documents the nausea as which of the following?

A) Nonadherence
B) Toxic effects of the medication
C) Side effects of the medication
D) Allergic reaction to the medication

Question 21

The nurse administers 100 mg of a medication at 0800.The medication's biological half-life is 4 hours.A serum medication level is drawn at 1600.The nurse should anticipate ___________ mg will be left in the body at 1600?

A) 10
B) 25
C) 50
D) 100

Question 22

A patient reports a pain level of 7 out of 10 and receives 10 mg of morphine intravenously.The nurse knows that intravenous morphine has an onset of 1 to 2 minutes,a peak of 20 minutes,and a duration of 4 to 5 hours.The patient asks when he will start to feel some pain relief.The nurse should respond that relief should begin in _____________.

A) 1 to 2 minutes
B) 20 minutes
C) 30 minutes
D) 4 hours

Question 23

The patient reports taking an opioid medication in large dosages for the past several years.While in the hospital,the patient is not prescribed the medication and develops tachycardia,hypertension,sweating,and tremors.He becomes confused and experiences visual hallucinations.The nurse recognizes these signs as indicative of _____________.

A) pharmacotherapeutic effects
B) physical dependence
C) tolerance
D) addiction

Question 24

The nurse reviews a medication administration record for an anticoagulant that is prescribed at 0900 daily.The medication record indicates that the medication was given at the following times over the past 4 days.Which times follow the "right time" of medication administration? (Select all that apply.)

A) 0800
B) 0830
C) 0930
D) 1000

Question 25

The prescriber orders an intravenous (IV)antibiotic every 8 hours.The nurse administers the medication at 0900.The medication's onset of action is 5 minutes,peak action is 30 minutes,and duration is 6 to 24 hours.A prescription for peak and trough levels is written.The nurse will have the peak level drawn at _________.

A) 0900
B) 0930
C) 1000
D) 1500

Question 26

A medication interaction in which the combined effect of medications is greater than the sum of the effects of each individual agent acting independently is known as a _____________.

A) metabolic effect
B) pharmacotherapeutic effect
C) synergistic effect
D) dependence effect

Question 27

The nurse calculates that the proper dosage of a medication is 2 tsp.The nurse prepares _______ mL to administer to the patient.

A) 0.5
B) 5
C) 10
D) 100

Question 28

______________ are predictable and often unavoidable secondary effects of a medication produced at a usual therapeutic medication dose.

A) Pharmacotherapeutic effects
B) Therapeutic effects
C) Adverse effects
D) Side effects

Question 29

The dose prescribed for a patient is 75 mg intramuscularly (IM).The medication is available in a 50-mg/mL solution.The nurse prepares ________________ mL.

A) 0.5
B) 0.75
C) 1.0
D) 1.5

Question 30

When do most medication errors occur? (Select all that apply.)

A) During hospital admission
B) During transfer from one unit to another
C) During discharge home
D) During discharge to another facility
E) None of the above

Question 31

The nurse recognizes that patients with which conditions will have a reduction in the distribution of medications? (Select all that apply.)

A) Peripheral vascular disease
B) Heart failure
C) Liver disease
D) Obesity

Question 32

A patient is prescribed diltiazem tablets,which have an onset of 30 minutes,a peak of 2 to 3 hours,and a duration of 6 to 8 hours.The nurse anticipates that the medication will be prescribed ____________ times per day.

A) 1 to 2
B) 3 to 4
C) 5 to 6
D) 8 to 9

Question 33

Medication errors include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

A) Administration of the wrong medication
B) Administration via the wrong route
C) Inaccurate prescribing
D) Failing to administer a medication
E) None of the above

Question 34

The nurse administers 650 mg of acetaminophen orally to a patient with a pain level of 4 out of 10.The nurse is aware that the onset of action is 30 minutes to 1 hour,the peak action is 1 to 3 hours,and the duration of action is 3 to 8 hours.After _____,the nurse should assess the patient to determine the maximum effectiveness of the medication.

A) 1 to 3 minutes
B) 30 minutes to 1 hour
C) 1 to 3 hours
D) 4 to 6 hours

Question 35

A patient with a history of renal failure and liver disease has been receiving morphine sulphate every 4 hours for the past 2 weeks.The nurse finds the patient lethargic with a respiratory rate of 6 breaths per minute.The health care provider prescribes naloxone.The nurse anticipates which effects when naloxone is given? (Select all that apply.)

A) Increase in alertness
B) Decrease in urine output
C) Complaints of pain
D) Increase in respiratory rate

Question 36

The intended or desired physiological response to a medication is known as its ____________.

A) pharmacotherapeutic effect
B) therapeutic effect
C) adverse effect
D) side effect

Question 37

The hospital has implemented a computerized physician order entry system (CPOE)to eliminate the need for written prescriptions.The benefits of this system include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

A) Automatic medication allergy checks
B) Automatic dosage indications
C) Identification of potential medication interactions
D) Reduced number of medical errors
E) None of the above

Question 38

The nurse administers a medication to the wrong patient but the patient suffers no harm from the medication error.What actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)

A) Prepare a written incident report.
B) Document in the nurses' notes that an incident report was completed.
C) Report the incident to a manager only if the patient is harmed.
D) Notify the prescriber.

Question 39

The patient is to receive 200 mg of a medication.There are 100-mg scored tablets available.The nurse prepares _________ tablets.

A) 2
B) 2.5
C) 4
D) 4.5