Deck 3: Ethical, Professional, and Cross-Cultural Issues

Question 1

Rest suggests that:

A) Ethical decision making is a four-step process that begins with moral perceptions and ends with the decision.
B) One should gauge and select underlying moral principles in making ethical decisions.
C) Ethical decision making is less of a moral than a spiritual process.
D) All of the above

Answer 1

One should gauge and select underlying moral principles in making ethical decisions.

Question 2

Which case was precedent-setting in terms of the importance of making sure that the clinician does all that is possible to assure a client does not harm himself or herself or another person?

A) Jaffee v. Redmond
B) Donaldson v. O'Connor
C) Borstein v. Borstein
D) Tarasoff
E) Two of the above

Answer 2

Tarasoff

Question 3

Clients do not have a right to view their counseling records.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Parents probably have a legal right to view the counseling records of their children.

Question 5

Which of the following terms is correctly matched?

A) Eigenwelt-Cultural Commonality
B) Mitwelt-Human Universality
C) Umwelt-Individual uniqueness
D) None of the above are correctly matched
E) All of the above are correctly matched

Question 6

Bartering with a poor client should be considered and is listed as one of the "best practices" when working with clients.

Question 7

Professional counselors deal with concerns regarding the impact of client behavior on self and others from a moral perspective whereas natural helpers deal with such situations from an ethical perspective.

Question 8

Which legislative action led to the release of individuals from around the country who were being held against their will in psychiatric hospitals?

A) Jaffee v. Redmond
B) The Buckley Amendment
C) Tarasoff
D) HIPAA
E) Donaldson v. O'Connor

Question 9

Confidentiality is a legal right.

Question 10

Generally, managed care has done all but which of the following?

A) Limited the number of sessions for clients
B) Slowed down the rising cost of healthcare
C) Required greater accountability on the part of providers
D) Demanded great documentation
E) Increased the kinds and number of provider choices

Question 11

Relative to matching client problem with intervention strategy, which is correct?

A) Clinicians should always maintain one theoretical approach to be consistent throughout the relationship.
B) Ethical guidelines do not address the importance of keeping up on skills to assure optimal treatment.
C) It is best to have an array of intervention strategies so that the optimal technique can be matched to the client problem.

Question 12

Developmental models of ethical decision making assume all of the following except:

A) Lower level thinking is dualistic and rigid
B) Higher level thinking is abstract and flexible
C) Lower level and higher level thinkers could come to the same conclusions
D) Higher level thinkers are likely to rely more on ethical codes than lower level thinkers
E) None of the above

Question 13

Moral behavior for a minister might be unethical behavior for a counselor.

Question 14

Morality is concerned with _______, ethics with _________.

A) conduct; the collectively agreed upon "correct behavior"
B) process of examining ethical behavior; conduct
C) behavior; what is legal and illegal
D) how we think about behavior; legal issues
E) religion; the process of examining moral behavior

Question 15

Which is true about the use of medication these days?

A) It has changed the application of helping skills at different stages of the relationship.
B) It has forced the clinician to always consider whether or not medication should be used.
C) It has forced all licensed therapists to gain prescription privileges.
D) Two of the above
E) Three of the above

Question 16

The Jaffee v. Redmond case highlighted which of the following?

A) The importance of case law relative to breaking confidentiality and to assure that a client would not harm himself or herself or another
B) The right of all therapists to keep information confidential
C) The right of licensed therapists to privilege communication relative to case notes
D) The right of clients to obtain their records from federal agencies

Question 17

Corey's seven-step model for making ethical decisions is considered a developmental model.

Question 18

If clinicians are to ameliorate the problems that seem inherent to their work with minority clients, they must have:

A) an ever-increasing awareness of their own assumptions, values, and biases.
B) an understanding of the worldview of the culturally different client.
C) the ability to apply adequate intervention strategies when working with culturally different clients.
D) Two of the above
E) All of the above

Question 19

Privileged communication is a conversation conducted with someone that state or federal law identifies as a person with whom conversations may be privileged-that is, legally kept confidential.

Question 20

All but which of the following is a purpose of ethical codes?

A) To protect consumers and further the professional standing of organizations
B) As a statement of the maturity and professional identity of the profession
C) To guide professionals toward certain types of behaviors that reflect the underlying values considered important to the professional group
D) To provide a professional framework in the sometimes difficult ethical and professional decision-making process
E) As one measure of defense if the professional is sued for malpractice by offering a legal document one can take to court

Question 21

Evidence suggests that therapy and medication is probably better than therapy alone or medication alone in the treatment of depression.

Question 22

As per developmental theory, the clinician's skill at making ethical decisions tends to increase over time.

Question 23

There is increasing evidence that mental health disorders are not based on biology or genetics.