Deck 6: Encouraging, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing: Active Listening and Cognition

Question 1

Positive facial expressions, minimum verbal utterances, and head nods are effective demonstrations of ____.

A)​encouraging
B)​paraphrasing
C)​summarizing
D)empathizing

Answer 1

A

Question 2

When the counselor repeats short statements, two or more words, exactly as used by the client, this is known as a ____.

A)​paraphrase
B)​summary
C)​restatement
D)reflection

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Client: "There's this group of girls who make fun of me and call me names, and I feel sad. They keep making fun of my shoes, just 'cause I don't have name-brand shoes. I try to ignore them, but still the feeling inside me just hurts."Counselor: "They keep making fun of your shoes?"​Classify this response.

A)​Encouraging
B)​Paraphrasing
C)​Summarizing
D)Restating

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The most important function of summarizations is that:

A)​they feed back the essence of many things that might have been missed otherwise.
B)​they break the routine of paraphrasing, questioning, and encouraging.
C)​they bring together the things a client has been saying in an organized fashion.
D)they provide an opportunity for the interviewer to summarize his or her own ideas.

Question 5

A proficient demonstration of active listening requires the interviewer to ____.

A)​listen intently and evaluate client responses to determine appropriate treatment
B)​listen intently, with a nonjudgmental attitude, and clarify what clients have to say
C)​listen intently and convey his/her approval and support of the client's topic
D)all of these

Question 6

If you use an encourager correctly, you may anticipate that the client will ____.

A)​elaborate on the topic that has been encouraged
B)​accurately paraphrase what you have said back to you
C)​indicate that he or she appreciates what you are doing
D)stop talking about the topic and move on to something more important

Question 7

Which of the following is a key interviewer behavior when working with children?

A)​Be prepared to help children focus on a single issue.
B)​Allow them to play with clay or draw to expend excess energy.
C)​Soften your tone when you must look down to their level.
D)Ask broad, open questions to allow them room for creative responses.

Question 8

Paraphrasing and summarizing communicate to clients ____.

A)​that it is time for the session to end
B)​that the interviewer is skilled
C)​that they have been listened to
D)that what the interviewer says is important during the helping session

Question 9

Which of the following statements is TRUE of active listening?

A)​Active listening demands that the interviewer fully participate in the interview by encouraging, paraphrasing, or summarizing.
B)​Active listening demands serious attention to empathy.
C)​Active listening enables the interviewer to see the client's worldview more completely.
D)All of the above

Question 10

Which of the following openings would be useful to draw out a child's story?

A)​"Honey, could you tell me what happened?"
B)​"Tell me everything that occurred, Joey."
C)​"Nelson, where were you when the fight started?"
D)None of the above.

Question 11

Counseling children requires ______________.

A)more extensive use of questions than with adults​
B)​using more concrete language
C)​avoiding the repetition of paraphrasing
D)summarizing constantly what the child is saying

Question 12

If you use summarizing correctly, you may anticipate that the client will ____.

A)​thank you and move on to a different topic
B)​give more detail without repeating exactly the same story
C)​feel heard and learn how parts of important stories are integrated
D)stop talking and jump to another story

Question 13

Encouraging, paraphrasing, and summarizing ____.

A)​clarify for the client what he or she has said
B)​help clients to talk in more detail about issues of concern
C)​communicate to the client what he or she said
D)all of these

Question 14

If you use paraphrases effectively, you may anticipate that the client will ____.

A)​change or jump topics
B)​give more detail without repeating exactly the same story
C)​indicate that he or she appreciates what you are doing
D)stop talking about the topic and move on to something more important

Question 15

All of the following are encouragers EXCEPT ____.

A)​head nods
B)​single-word repetitions
C)​well-phrased open questions
D)open palm

Question 16

The checkout is also called a:​

A)​reality check.
B)​perception check.
C)​sensation check.
D)language check.

Question 17

As an interviewer you may help alleviate the occurrence of accumulated stress or posttraumatic stress responses in clients by your careful listening and support. Which of the following is an example of accumulated stress?

A)​Being teased and excluded by classmates
B)​Experiencing discrimination and prejudice in the community
C)​Continuing harassment in the workplace
D)All of the above

Question 18

Silence, minimum verbal utterances, and head nods are effective ways of:

A)​encouraging.
B)​paraphrasing.
C)​summarizing.
D)reflecting feeling.

Question 19

Discrimination and prejudice are examples of:

A)​a historical legacy of oppression.
B)​the result of institutional racism.
C)​a major cause of cumulative stress.
D)all of the above.

Question 20

Cumulative stress is:

A)​the result of a major stressor such as rape, cancer, or other traumatic event.
B)​best handled with minor medication.
C)​seldom an important issue.
D)repeated and repeating "minor" insults and stressors received by a client.

Question 21

Client: There's this group of girls who make fun of me and call me names, and I feel sad. They keep making fun of my shoes, just 'cause I don't have name-brand shoes. I try to ignore them, but still the feeling inside me just hurts.​Counselor: You are having trouble at school. Some girls call you names, make fun of your shoes, and it feels hurtful inside.​This response can be classified as _______.​

A)​encouraging
B)​paraphrasing
C)​summarizing
D)restating

Question 22

____ "A tough time with your sons?"

Question 23

A check-out at the end of a paraphrase may take all EXCEPT which of the following forms?

A)​A head nod indicating agreement.
B)​A closed question ("Is that right?").
C)​A raised vocal tone at the end that almost turns the paraphrase into a question.
D)All of these

Question 24

____ "Both are having trouble in school, yet they are doing OK academically."

Question 25

An accurate paraphrase usually consists of which of the following four dimensions?

A)​Key words, essence of the client's story, reflection of feeling, and a closing
B)​Sentence stem, key words, essence of what the client has said, and a check-out
C)​Key words, mirroring client body language, quoting the client, and a closing
D)Sentence stem, mirroring client body language, reflection of feeling, and a check-out

Question 26

Client observation skills are important in paraphrasing because

A)​nonverbal patterns of behavior may change the meaning of the client's words.
B)​examples of movement synchrony may show when you hear the client accurately.
C)​repeating patterns of client language may be observed.
D)all of these

Question 27

Your warmth may be described as the __________ that holds empathy and the possibility of positive change together.

A)​engine
B)​glue
C)​thought
D)all of the above

Question 28

____ "Sounds as if you're having trouble with the kids, yet you note they are doing well and wonder if doing more things is the answer."

Question 29

Client: There's this group of girls who make fun of me and call me names, and I feel sad. They keep making fun of my shoes, just 'cause I don't have name-brand shoes. I try to ignore them, but still the feeling inside me just hurts.Counselor: Demaris, it sounds like it hurts when they make fun of your shoes.This response can be classified as _______.​

A)​encouraging noting emotions
B)​paraphrasing noting emotions
C)​summarizing noting emotions
D)restating noting emotions

Question 30

Summarizing encompasses a longer period of conversation and is used to ____.

A)​define your agenda for the counseling session
B)​begin or end an interview
C)​organize the auditory, visual, and kinesthetic primary representational system
D)close a session and prepare for the next visit

Question 31

Which of the following lists the four dimensions of an accurate paraphrase?

A)​Sentence stem, key words, essence of what the client has said, and a check-out
B)​Key words, essence of the client's story, reflection of feeling, and a closing
C)​Key words, mirroring client body language, quoting the client, and a closing
D)Sentence stem, reflection of feeling, a closing, and a check-out

Question 32

Instructions: Which of the following are most likely identified as encouragers, restatements, paraphrases, or summarizations?​​Efor encourager​Rfor restatement​Pfor paraphrase​Sfor summarization​Client: "I have been having a tough time with my sons. George has been having difficulty in school, and I have an appointment for the third time with a counselor. John is acting up in junior high and has been sassing his mother frequently. Yet, their grades are OK. I wonder if they need more to do."​Counselor responses follow. Classify the response.____ "More?"

Question 33

When the interviewer opens a session, "Let's see, last time we discussed...," he/she is most likely ____.

A)​encouraging
B)​paraphrasing
C)​summarizing
D)restating

Question 34

Bilingual clients, according to Azara Santiago-Rivera, are ____.

A)​advantaged
B)​disadvantaged
C)​neither advantaged or disadvantaged
D)in need of special help

Question 35

Which of the following is TRUE of an accurate paraphrase?

A)​Clients have an opportunity to correct inaccurate interviewer perceptions.
B)​Avoid parroting the client; capture the essence of client talk.
C)​Use key words used by the client.
D)All of these choices are true of an accurate paraphrase.

Question 36

Which of the following might be useful for the interviewer who wishes to work with bilingual clients, even though he or she is not particularly skilled in the language of the client?

A)​Learning a few key words in the client's language
B)​Suggesting that the client talk about especially important issues in his or her own language and then translating them for the interviewer
C)​Becoming competent and knowledgeable in key aspects of a culture
D)All of the above

Question 37

When the counselor intentionally uses a(n)_________________, he or she can expect the client will feel heard. They will tend to go on further and not repeat the same story again.

A)​encourager/restatement
B)​paraphrase
C)​reflection of feeling
D)confrontation

Question 38

All your clients like to be listened to accurately. If your client is culturally different from you, it may be more difficult for the client to trust you to hear him or her correctly. Which of the following would NOT be helpful to establish the necessary trust?

A)​Learning the political/power structure of the client's community
B)​Accurately following the specified treatment plan designated for your client's observed ethnic group
C)​Following appropriate interviewer disclosure and an explanation of your methods
D)Enjoying yourself at cultural celebrations

Question 39

Summarizing is primarily used to ____.

A)​begin or end an interview
B)​mentalize the world of the client
C)​define your agenda for the counseling session
D)all of these

Question 40

Which of the following is basic to empathic understanding?

A)​Encouraging
B)​Paraphrasing
C)​Summarizing
D)All of the above

Question 41

Which paraphrase might be more helpful to this client?​Counselor: "I am not sure how the problem should be seen. I get a picture of the kids fighting all the time at home. Looks like they simply can't get along, yet they are very bright."​

A)"It appears that the scene at home is constant fighting despite their ability."
B)"Sounds as if the noise at home is something, and it is constant despite their 'smarts'."
C)"Does it seem like a bright picture or not?"
D)"You feel confused and unsure of what to do."

Question 42

Change that happens without warmth and empathy is more effective and lasts a longer time.

Question 43

The school or community agency within which you work has a large Puerto Rican community, many of whom still speak Spanish in the home. Assuming your main language is not Spanish, what are some things that you can do to work more effectively with this group? If you come from a Puerto Rican or Spanish background, what advice would you give to English-speaking interviewers?

Question 44

The sight of a person showing intense disgust turns on the observer's brain areas associated with the feeling of disgust.

Question 45

Discuss how you would use the listening skills in working with children and adolescents.

Question 46

All clients have a need to know they have been heard.

Question 47

Provide examples of encouragers, restatements, and paraphrases in response to the following client.​Client: This past year I have been feeling more and more down. I am getting to the point that nothing seems to make sense. Nothing is going right. My car broke down, and my boss is after me. I had an argument with my son because he wouldn't help me with the lawn. No matter what I do, it simply doesn't work.​

Question 48

Define from your own perspective the importance of the active listening skills described in this chapter. How would you contrast them with questioning techniques?

Question 49

An accurate paraphrase usually consists of which of the following four dimensions?

A)​Key words, essence of the client's story, reflection of feeling, and a closing
B)​Sentence stem, key words, essence of what the client has said, and a check-out
C)​Key words, mirroring client body language, quoting the client, and a closing
D)Sentence stem, mirroring client body language, reflection of feeling, and a check-out

Question 50

What are the main characteristics and values of an encourager, paraphrase, and summarization?

Question 51

Define from your own perspective the importance of the active listening skills of this chapter. How would you contrast them with questioning techniques?

Question 52

Explain the concept of cumulative stress and discuss the potential sources and impact.

Question 53

Which of the following openings would be useful to draw out a child's story?

A)​"Honey, could you tell me what happened?"
B)​"Tell me everything that occurred, Joey."
C)​"Nelson, where were you when the fight started?"
D)None of these.

Question 54

Client: There's this group of girls that make fun of me and call me names, and I feel sad. They keep making fun of my shoes, just 'cause I don't have name brand shoes. I try to ignore them, but still the feeling inside me just hurts.​Counselor: You are having trouble at school. Some girls call you names, make fun of your shoes, and it feels hurtful inside.​This response can be classified as _______.​

A)​encouraging
B)​paraphrasing
C)​summarizing
D)restating

Question 55

Which is NOT an effective way to gain better understanding of those who are culturally different from you?

A)​Informing your clients that you will need to learn about their culture from them during the interview.
B)​Visiting Pow-wows and other cultural celebrations.
C)​Shadowing or going with a friend of a different culture through the day
D)Getting to know people different from you in a personal way.

Question 56

Working with children uses only some of the microskills.