Deck 20: The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

Question 1

Which of the following depends mostly on the ratio of RBC to plasma volume?

A) total blood volume
B) blood viscosity
C) systemic resistance
D) blood vessel length
E) size of vessel lumen

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The pressure driven movement of fluids and solutes from blood into interstitial fluid is called

A) reabsorption.
B) filtration.
C) bulk flow.
D) hydrostatic pressure.
E) colloid pressure.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

When an artery or arteriole is damaged, its smooth muscle contracts producing

A) a tear in the artery.
B) a branch off the artery called an arteriole.
C) a vascular spasm.
D) tetanus.
E) constriction of the outer four layers.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which layer of the artery is composed mainly of elastic and collagen fibers?

A) tunica interna
B) tunica media
C) tunica externa
D) tunica albuginea
E) tunica fascia

Question 5

Which of the following is the most important capillary exchange method?

A) diffusion
B) transcytosis
C) bulk flow
D) active transport
E) primary transport

Question 6

Which vessel plays a key role in regulating blood flow into capillaries?

A) arteries
B) arterioles
C) venules
D) veins
E) aorta

Question 7

Capillaries are also known as

A) exchange vessels.
B) vasoconstrictors.
C) vasodilators.
D) pressure reservoirs.
E) distributing vessels.

Question 8

Which artery wall is responsible for vasoconstriction?

A) tunica interna
B) tunica media
C) tunica externa
D) tunica albuginea
E) tunica fascia

Question 9

Elastic arteries function as a

A) vasodilator.
B) conduit to the tissues of the trunk only.
C) barrier to microcirculation.
D) pressure reservoir.
E) vasoconstrictor only.

Question 10

Which of the following would NOT increase blood pressure?

A) increased blood volume
B) increased sympathetic stimulation
C) increased heart rate
D) increased stroke volume
E) decreased cardiac output

Question 11

Blood flow depends on which of the following criteria?

A) blood pressure
B) systemic vascular resistance
C) blood type
D) blood pressure and systemic vascular resistance
E) blood pressure and heart rate

Question 12

What is the volume of blood that flows through any tissue in a given time period?

A) microcirculation
B) circulation
C) blood flow
D) blood pressure
E) resistance

Question 13

Which of the following factors do NOT increase systemic vascular resistance?

A) decreased vessel lumen diameter
B) increased blood viscosity
C) decreased vessel length
D) increased vasoconstriction
E) increased blood cell count

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT found in arteries but is found in veins?

A) tunica externa
B) tunica media
C) tunica interna
D) valves

Question 15

The largest factor that promotes reabsorption of fluids, into blood, from the interstitial fluids is

A) tissue hydrostatic pressure.
B) tissue osmotic pressure.
C) blood colloid osmotic pressure.
D) blood hydrostatic pressure.
E) colloid pressure.

Question 16

Which vessels make up the largest blood reservoir?

A) arteries and arterioles
B) arterioles and capillaries
C) venules and capillaries
D) veins and venules
E) aorta and veins

Question 17

The alternate route of blood flow to a body part through an anastomosis is called

A) anastome.
B) blood reservoir.
C) detour blood.
D) collateral circulation.
E) microcirculation.

Question 18

Which of the following conveys blood from the tissues back to the heart?

A) artery
B) arteriole
C) aorta
D) vein
E) capillary

Question 19

Which of the following is the blood vessel that distributes blood to organs?

A) arteries
B) capillaries
C) venules
D) arterioles
E) veins

Question 20

Where is the cardiovascular center located?

A) in the thorax
B) in the cerebral cortex
C) in the cerebellum
D) in the medulla oblongata
E) in the hypothalamus

Question 21

Which of the following would be the response of the body to decreased frequency of action potentials arising from the baroreceptors?

A) increased blood pressure
B) increased parasympathetic stimulation
C) decreased heart rate
D) decreased stroke volume
E) decreased cardiac output

Question 22

Which type of capillary wall is commonly found in the kidneys?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) A and B
E) B and C

Question 23

Which of the following vessels supplies blood to the intestines?

A) radial artery
B) subclavian artery
C) mesenteric artery
D) coronary artery
E) popliteal artery

Question 24

Which of the following factors is most important in forcing blood flow through veins?

A) heart rate
B) stroke volume
C) muscular activity
D) blood velocity
E) valve opening

Question 25

Which of the following hormones would NOT cause an increase in blood pressure?

A) atrial natriuretic peptide
B) antidiuretic hormone
C) aldosterone
D) angiotensin
E) increased norepinephrine

Question 26

Which of the following vessels is a pulse point at the wrist?

A) radial artery
B) subclavian artery
C) axillary artery
D) cephalic artery
E) palmar artery

Question 27

What does this figure represent?

A) venous blood blockage
B) skeletal muscle pump
C) systolic blood pressure
D) capillary bed thoroughfare channels
E) velocity of blood flow

Question 28

All the veins of the systemic circulation drain into the

A) superior vena cava.
B) inferior vena cava.
C) coronary sinus.
D) superior and inferior vena cava.
E) superior and inferior vena cava and coronary sinus.

Question 29

Where is the metarteriole?

A) A
B) B
C) D
D) F
E) E

Question 30

Which layer contains a lining of simple squamous epithelium, a basement membrane and a layer of elastic tissue.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) A and B
E) A, B, and C

Question 31

Where does the pulmonary trunk divide into?

A) right pulmonary artery
B) left pulmonary artery
C) pulmonary veins
D) right and left pulmonary arteries
E) right pulmonary vein and artery

Question 32

Which of the following vessels drains blood from the lower leg?

A) jugular vein
B) superior vena cava
C) tibial vein
D) coronary vein
E) iliac vein

Question 33

Which of the following provides information about the condition of the cardiovascular system such as atherosclerosis?

A) diastolic blood pressure
B) systolic blood pressure
C) pulse pressure
D) venule pressure
E) capillary pressure

Question 34

Where is the capillary?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 35

Where can a pulse not be felt?

A) arteries
B) capillaries
C) arterioles
D) arteries and arterioles
E) None of these choices.

Question 36

Where is the postcapillary sphincter?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) None of these choices

Question 37

Which layer consists mainly of elastic fibers and smooth muscle fibers that extend circularly around the lumen?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) A and B
E) A, B, and C

Question 38

Which of the following vessels supplies blood to the kidney?

A) hepatic artery
B) renal artery
C) mesenteric artery
D) coronary artery
E) popliteal artery

Question 39

What do the following have in common: superficial temporal artery, brachial artery, and dorsal artery of the foot?

A) They are all areas where you cannot hear Korotkoff sounds.
B) They are all only found on the left side of the body.
C) They are all pulse points.
D) None of them contain baroreceptors.
E) All of them are connected to each other by capillary beds.

Question 40

Which type of capillary wall has an incomplete or absent basement membrane?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) A and B
E) A, B, and C

Question 41

Which of the following vessels drains blood from the head and neck?

A) carotid vein
B) inferior vena cava
C) axillary vein
D) femoral vein
E) jugular vein

Question 42

Describe the route of an RBC traveling from the heart to the left elbow and back to the heart.

Question 43

Which of the following vessels drains blood from the lower body to the right atrium?

A) inferior vena cava
B) superior vena cava
C) tibial vein
D) coronary vein
E) iliac vein

Question 44

Describe the five main types of blood vessels as you explain the flow of blood between the heart and the tissues.

Question 45

Identify and discuss the factors that contribute to systemic vascular resistance.