Deck 2: Children With Exceptionalities and Social Institutions: Government, Schools, and the Courts

Question 1

One of the innovations produced by the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (PL 94-142) is the requirement that every child with a disability

A) receive speech therapy.
B) receive physical therapy.
C) have an individual tutor.
D) have an individualized education program.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

How has legislation supported the belief that all children, whatever their circumstances, deserve an education?

Answer 2

In 1963, Public Law 88-164 authorized federal funds for training professionals and for research and demonstration projects in special education. In 1975, Public Law 94-142 required states to provide a free and appropriate public education for all handicapped children; it also specified that the education be provided in the least restrictive environment. This law also mandated that an IEP be written for every child who receives special education services. Public Law 99-457 extended these rights to children ages 2 to 5. Public Law 101-476 requires transition services. Court rulings have clarified and supported these rights, asserting the right to a thorough, appropriate, culturally sensitive assessment before placement, and the right to education in the least restrictive setting, with emphasis on regular class placement with accommodations and support whenever appropriate. IDEA 2004 address the quality of personnel and updates IEP standards to reflect scientifically based instructional practices, cognitive behavioral interventions, and early intervention services, as appropriate.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a right given to parents by Public Law-94-142?

A) They may access their child's educational records.
B) They can participate in the development of the IEP.
C) They can request a due process hearing.
D) They can control the teacher and school their child is assigned.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which piece of federal legislation provides access to services for children who may not be judged eligible for services under IDEA 2004?

A) No Child Left Behind
B) Education for All Handicapped Children Act
C) Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
D) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act

Question 5

Board of Education v. Rowley (1982) is significant because it was the first case to suggest

A) children with exceptionalities have a right to a FAPE.
B) parents must be involved in IEP meetings.
C) the federal government must provide funding for special programs to meet the needs of exceptional children.
D) there is a limit to the resources that children with exceptionalities can expect.

Question 6

It is considered a violation of federal law for an educator to ignore federal regulations regarding the education of children with exceptionalities.

Question 7

The term least restrictive environment refers to

A) serving all students with disabilities in the regular classroom.
B) assessing children within their home environment.
C) focusing special education services on community-based goals.
D) providing services in a setting that is as close to normal as possible.

Question 8

PL 107-110, No Child Left Behind, sets

A) the standards for all special education students.
B) unrealistic expectations for some students with disabilities.
C) the standards of 75 percent proficiency on the part of students and schools.
D) the short-term objectives on the student's IEP.

Question 9

The idea of educating every child to achieve his or her greatest potential is a relatively recent one.

Question 10

Public Law 99-457 extended the benefits of Public Law 94-142 to

A) preschool children.
B) children with severe and profound disabilities.
C) children with autism.
D) children with physical disabilities.

Question 11

Which of the following is characteristic of nondiscriminatory evaluation as defined by the Education for All Handicapped Children Act?

A) The student must be evaluated with a group of students from the same cultural background.
B) The student must be reevaluated every month.
C) The student must be examined by a person from the same culture.
D) Evaluation must take place with tests appropriate to the student's cultural and linguistic background.

Question 12

Research and demonstration projects that focus on the needs of students with special gifts and talents is supported through

A) the Javits Act.
B) the Education for All Handicapped Children Act.
C) the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act.
D) local school divisions.

Question 13

Which of the following was a barrier to the creation of federal legislation regarding the education of children with exceptionalities?

A) Parents groups were more interested in lobbying individual states for change instead of forming a national coalition.
B) A strong federal role in education violated the American tradition of making education the responsibility of states.
C) There was no scientific recognition of the role of educational intervention in the education of exceptional children.
D) Educators disliked the idea of legal regulation of their teaching and distrusted any federal intervention.

Question 14

Why is No Child Left Behind problematic for many students with exceptionalities? How is it potentially at odds with the goals of IDEA 2004?

Question 15

According to the authors of your text, the influence of the school on how exceptional children adjust to life

A) is greater than the influence of their homes and families.
B) is not a major factor.
C) is one of many important environmental influences, including home and family.
D) can be measured using standardized tests.

Question 16

The concept of zero reject means that

A) school districts have the option to refuse services if they currently do not offer those services.
B) schools can decide to reject students who need services if the cost is considered too high.
C) schools are obligated to provide a free and appropriate public education to all students.
D) schools can decide whether they want to provide services to an exceptional student.

Question 17

IDEA 2004 requires transition services, which include support for

A) postsecondary education, independent living, and vocational training.
B) preschool education, daycare, and job training.
C) independent living only.
D) the challenge of caring for aging parents.

Question 18

The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act provided one-time funds for which of the following special education areas?

A) Gifted services
B) Early intervention services
C) Services for high school students with ADHD
D) Legal services for IEP mediation

Question 19

Which of the following was NOT a cause leading to federal intervention in the education of children with exceptionalities?

A) Increased services for children with exceptionalities caused a personnel shortage.
B) There were discrepancies in what states offered educationally to children with exceptionalities.
C) The field of special education was not clearly defined.
D) States were spending too much time and money on the education of children with exceptionalities.

Question 20

The set of procedures specified in Public Law 94-142 that allow parents to call a hearing when they do not agree with the school's plan for their child, retain an examiner outside the school system, or to take other actions is called

A) due process.
B) the least restrictive environment.
C) parental participation.
D) zero reject.

Question 21

What are the five major components of the IEP required by law? Briefly describe the purpose of each.

Question 22

The IEP is primarily written by

A) the parent(s).
B) the special educator.
C) the principal or administrator of the school the child is attending.
D) the IEP team writes the IEP together.

Question 23

Raymond is a second grader having some difficulties in school with both academics and behavior. Raymond's parents and teachers are concerned about his progress. Describe the steps Raymond's school should take to address his (potential) special needs.

Question 24

Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens (PARC) v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (1972) ruled that

A) children with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities have a right to a free and appropriate education.
B) all students with disabilities should be educated in general education classrooms.
C) school systems could not serve minority children in separate facilities.
D) children with severe hearing impairments have the right to an interpreter in general education classrooms.

Question 25

Transition services, as required by the student's IEP, are programs that help exceptional students

A) move from school placements to life in the community.
B) arrange for tutoring when needed.
C) move from preschool placements to elementary education placements.
D) move from a resource room back into a regular education classroom.

Question 26

The late 1990s saw an increase in the number of court cases regarding services for students with

A) IDD.
B) emotional disabilities.
C) minority students.
D) autism.

Question 27

The recent focus on accountability in schools has clarified whether schools should focus on providing students with exceptionalities access to the general curriculum or specialized education programs.

Question 28

Courts have strongly endorsed that parents play a key role in the FAPE their child with exceptionalities receives.

Question 29

What role have courts played in the implementation of special education programs? Why are courts uniquely suited for this role?

Question 30

Instruction can be adapted to meet interindividual or intraindividual differences by making modifications to

A) curriculum content, consensus, and adjustment services.
B) curriculum content, teaching strategies, and the learning environment.
C) the learning environment, adjustment services, and life skills.
D) life skills, curriculum content, and adjustment services.

Question 31

Which of the following is a true statement about the IEP?

A) The IEP does not address long-term goals for the student.
B) The IEP is used in exactly the same format in all school districts.
C) Teachers are not required to have IEPs for all children classified as exceptional.
D) The IEP addresses all areas of education that are affected by a student's exceptionality.

Question 32

Before a referral for special education services, a(n) cope with the child's behavior.

A) ad hoc
B) evaluation
C) progress
D) prereferral committee may be used to find ways to

Question 33

Examining whether educators have done what they said they would do for their students is an example of

A) supervisory need.
B) a trend toward accountability.
C) a trend toward standards based curricula.
D) unintended consequences.

Question 34

A child's must describe the child's current performance and goals for the school year, the particular special education services to be delivered, and the procedures by which outcomes are evaluated.

Question 35

Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) are

A) required for all students.
B) required for every student with a disability who is receiving special education services.
C) not required but can be used for special education students if the district chooses.
D) required only for special education services that take place outside the regular classroom.

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a recent trend in education?

A) Response to Intervention
B) Tracking
C) Cooperative learning
D) Accountability

Question 37

Describe how the 5 key elements outlined by McNulty and Goeckler (2011) help schools meet the needs of all students.

Question 38

What are the two major ways the needs of students with exceptionalities can be met within the framework of the school? Briefly describe each.

Question 39

An Individualized Education Plan (IEP) should include

A) requirements for out-of-school testing.
B) long-term goals and short-term objectives.
C) all the goals that the parents request.
D) all Tier I activities that occurred before the student was identified.

Question 40

The courts have been consistent in their rulings confirming that inclusion should be the ultimate goal of special education programs.

Question 41

The hypothesized decision-making element that controls reception, central processing, and expression is

A) executive function.
B) sensory integration.
C) high-stakes function.
D) Universal Design for Learning.

Question 42

The placement option for students with disabilities that has experienced the biggest increase in recent decades is

A) the resource room.
B) the general education classroom.
C) the separate special education classroom.
D) the residential school.

Question 43

The Common Core State Standards were developed specifically to meet the needs of students with exceptionalities.

Question 44

Most special education students are initially identified through which of the following?

A) Academic failure
B) Intelligence tests
C) Tests of perceptual-motor abilities
D) Hearing tests

Question 45

Which of the following must be included in a student's individualized education program?

A) A description of the child's family
B) The cost of the specific intervention
C) Activities for the siblings to interact with the child with disabilities
D) The program's long-term objectives

Question 46

Which of the following is true regarding students from culturally or linguistically diverse backgrounds?

A) Students from culturally or linguistically diverse backgrounds are more likely to have exceptionalities.
B) Potential biases in tests may inaccurately reflect the ability of culturally or linguistically diverse students.
C) The RtI model is the only intervention needed for students from culturally or linguistically diverse backgrounds.
D) Students must be proficient in English before they can be included in special education programs.

Question 47

Supporters of classroom.

A) the regular education initiative
B) the full-inclusion movement
C) No Child Left Behind
D) cooperative learning call for the elimination of special education services outside the regular

Question 48

Dana is not mastering certain aspects of the school curriculum. Which of the following types of tests is designed to help Dana's teacher determine why she is having problems with certain academic skills?

A) Achievement tests
B) Diagnostic achievement tests
C) Intelligence tests
D) Personality tests

Question 49

The Information Processing Model can be used to identify

A) specific IEP regulations regarding children with autism.
B) which tier of the RtI model that is required.
C) specific areas that need educational attention.
D) the special education referral process.

Question 50

_________________ is designed to deliver instruction and content effectively to students with exceptionalities.

Question 51

What are the benefits and challenges to the co-teaching approach?

Question 52

A Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP) for the student who has been excluded for more than 10 days for disciplinary reasons does NOT include which of the following?

A) A functional behavior assessment
B) Positive behavior intervention and strategies to allow the student back into the academic community
C) A clear statement of all targeted behavior
D) Academic penalties for further behavioral issues

Question 53

Discuss how the RtI model may have the potential for more appropriate placement and planning for students experiencing difficulty in regular education, especially students from diverse cultural backgrounds.

Question 54

Assistive technology

A) gives every student with an IEP a computer.
B) evaluates a student with a disability without assessor bias.
C) consists of tools that enhance the functioning of people with special disabilities.
D) aides screening, classification, and placement.

Question 55

The primary reason for going through the process of identification and diagnosis is to

A) learn more about the child's personality.
B) learn more about the child's family.
C) place the child in an environment that best meets his or her needs.
D) place the child in an environment in which learning objectives are used.

Question 56

The term inclusion refers to

A) educating students with disabilities together with same-age peers in the general classroom.
B) providing services in a setting that is as close to normal as possible.
C) providing transition services for community-based goals.
D) educating students with disabilities together with same-functioning level peers in the special education classroom.

Question 57

Which of the following statements about the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) is NOT true?

A) CCSS provide clear expectations for how students with exceptionalities can be helped to reach educational goals.
B) CCSS outline what all K-12 students are expected to know and do at each grade level.
C) Standardized tests based on the CCSS are currently in development and will be implemented soon.
D) CCSS do not provide specific guidance on how particular knowledge or skills should be taught.

Question 58

Which of the following is an example of assistive technology?

A) A DVD
B) A braille reader
C) The internet
D) A USB device

Question 59

The process of bringing all, or most, children with exceptionalities into the general classroom for their education is called

A) acceptance.
B) IPM.
C) inclusion.
D) RTI.

Question 60

What is Universal Design for Learning (UDL)? Describe the three key components of UDL.

Question 61

Authentic assessments measure

A) the applications of knowledge.
B) the student's performance on a contrived task.
C) typical classroom performance.
D) academic achievement as compared to other students of the same age and grade.

Question 62

Which service must include instruction, community experience, development of employment, and other post school, adult-living objectives?

A) Respite care services
B) Assessment services
C) Ecological services
D) Transition services