Deck 5: Tissue Organization

Question 1

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium is found lining

A) portions of the respiratory system.
B) the larger blood vessels.
C) the oviduct.
D) large kidney tubules.
E) ducts of sweat glands.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

In what tissue would you expect to find very little, if any, extracellular matrix?

A) Muscle tissue
B) Nervous tissue
C) Immune tissue
D) Epithelial tissue
E) Connective tissue

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which type of epithelium is composed of multiple layers, including an apical layer containing tall, slender cells?

A) Simple squamous
B) Simple columnar
C) Pseudostratified squamous
D) Stratified squamous
E) Stratified columnar

Answer 3

E

Question 4

The type of epithelium that lines the urinary bladder and may include some binucleated cells is called ________ epithelium.

A) stratified squamous nonkeratinized
B) stratified squamous keratinized
C) pseudostratified
D) transitional
E) simple squamous

Question 5

Epithelial tissue tends to be richly innervated and highly regenerative.

Question 6

In serving their roles as gatekeepers, epithelial tissues demonstrate selective ________.

Question 7

What type of epithelium would be most suited for high levels of diffusion and filtration?

A) Simple squamous
B) Stratified squamous
C) Pseudostratified
D) Transitional
E) Stratified columnar

Question 8

What specialized feature of an epithelium consists of a reticular lamina, a lamina densa, and a lamina lucida?

A) Microfilament
B) Desmosome
C) Fenestrated membrane
D) Basement membrane
E) Plasma membrane

Question 9

Which is avascular (lacks blood vessels)?

A) Epithelial tissue
B) Muscle tissue
C) Nervous tissue
D) Connective tissue
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 10

A ________ epithelium consists of a single layer of flattened cells attached directly to a basement membrane.

A) simple columnar
B) simple squamous
C) simple cuboidal
D) stratified squamous
E) stratified cuboidal

Question 11

Microscopic folds that extend from the apical surface of certain epithelia to increase the surface area for absorption and secretion are called

A) cilia.
B) microvilli.
C) flagella.
D) mucus.
E) desmosomes.

Question 12

Groups of similar cells and extracellular products that carry out a common function are called

A) organs.
B) organ systems.
C) matrices.
D) tissues.

Question 13

Which of the following is not lined by nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium?

A) Oral cavity
B) Pharynx
C) Vagina
D) Esophagus
E) Small intestine

Question 14

If you gently rub your thumb and forefinger together, each finger is contacting

A) simple squamous epithelium.
B) keratinized simple squamous epithelium.
C) keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
D) nonkeratinized simple squamous epithelium.
E) nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

Question 15

Which of the following is not a function of epithelial tissue?

A) Secretion
B) Physical protection
C) Selective permeability
D) Sensation
E) No exceptions; these are all functions of epithelial tissue.

Question 16

Which feature is not characteristic of epithelial tissue?

A) Polarity
B) Cells connected to each other by intercellular junctions
C) High regeneration capacity
D) Attachment to a basement membrane
E) Large amount of extracellular matrix

Question 17

Which tissue type covers body surfaces and lines the inside of organs and body cavities?

A) Muscle
B) Connective
C) Epithelial
D) Nervous
E) None of the choices is correct.

Question 18

The tissue in which all cells contact the basement membrane, even though some appear (at first glance) to be stacked on top of others, is called ________ columnar epithelium.

Question 19

The lining of the air sacs in the lungs (alveoli) is comprised of what epithelium?

A) Simple squamous
B) Simple columnar
C) Simple cuboidal
D) Stratified squamous
E) Transitional

Question 20

The walls of kidney tubules are formed by ________ epithelium, which functions in resorbing materials filtered from blood plasma such as nutrients, ions, and water.

A) simple cuboidal
B) simple squamous
C) stratified cuboidal
D) stratified squamous
E) stratified columnar

Question 21

Epithelial tissues have an attached (basal) border and a free (apical) border. This arrangement is known as

A) bilateral symmetry.
B) distal orientation.
C) polarity.
D) proximal orientation.
E) lateral flexibility.

Question 22

Clusters of cells that make up the secretory portion of an exocrine gland are known as ________.

Question 23

If a person were unable to form saliva, what type of gland could be missing or malfunctioning?

A) Merocrine glands
B) Holocrine glands
C) Apocrine glands

Question 24

Which of the following is not secreted by glands?

A) Mucin
B) Hormones
C) DNA
D) Enzymes
E) Waste products

Question 25

Which of the primary tissue types is most widely distributed throughout the body?

A) Connective
B) Muscle
C) Nervous
D) Epithelium

Question 26

All connective tissues have three features in common. They are

A) cells, protein fibers, and mucus.
B) cells, hormones, and protein fibers.
C) protein fibers, a liquid portion, and ground substance.
D) cells, a liquid portion, and protein fibers.
E) cells, protein fibers, and ground substance.

Question 27

If you were to rub your finger over the surface of your face, you would notice that the skin is oily. What makes up the oil?

A) Waste material from cellular metabolism
B) Waste material (bilirubin) from dead red blood cells
C) Ruptured cells from sebaceous glands
D) Extracellular fluid not drained by the lymphatic system
E) Plasma leakage from damaged blood vessels

Question 28

In connective tissue, the extracellular matrix consists of

A) cells and ground substance.
B) protein fibers and ground substance.
C) cells and protein fibers.
D) ground substance and intracellular fluid.
E) ground substance only.

Question 29

In nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue, the cells in the superficial layers are dead.

Question 30

Endocrine glands secrete

A) sweat.
B) hormones.
C) saliva.
D) digestive enzymes.
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 31

Which type of epithelial tissue would be the least protective?

A) Stratified keratinized
B) Stratified nonkeratinized
C) Simple columnar
D) Transitional
E) Simple squamous

Question 32

An exocrine gland has two parts:

A) a duct and a basement membrane.
B) a basement membrane and a goblet cell.
C) a brush border and a glandular portion.
D) an acinus and a brush border.
E) a duct and a secretory portion.

Question 33

What is a gland?

Question 34

The type of exocrine gland in which the entire cell disintegrates, liberating any accumulated products, is the ________ gland.

A) apocrine
B) merocrine
C) goblet cell
D) holocrine
E) None of the choices is correct.

Question 35

All connective tissue is formed from which embryonic germ layer?

A) Endoderm
B) Ectoderm
C) Mucoderm
D) Mesoderm
E) Epiderm

Question 36

Exocrine glands secrete hormones into the blood.

Question 37

You would most likely find goblet cells in what type of tissue?

A) Cartilage
B) Nervous tissue
C) Muscle tissue
D) Bone
E) Epithelial tissue

Question 38

Which primary tissue type would be represented by blood, body fat, ligaments and tendons, dermis of the skin, and the cartilage of some joints?

A) Epithelial tissue
B) Connective tissue
C) Nervous tissue
D) Muscle tissue
E) None of the choices is correct.

Question 39

Endocrine glands

A) possess short ducts and secrete their products directly onto the skin surface.
B) lack ducts and secrete their products onto the skin surface.
C) possess ducts to secrete their products into the bloodstream or into interstitial fluid.
D) lack ducts and secrete their products into the bloodstream or into interstitial fluid.
E) secrete mucus directly into a body cavity.

Question 40

When mucin mixes with water, it becomes

A) fatty tissue.
B) solid.
C) mucus.
D) bone.
E) muscle.

Question 41

The most common type of cartilage, named for its glassy appearance, is

A) fibrocartilage.
B) hyaline cartilage.
C) elastic cartilage.
D) reticular cartilage.
E) areolar cartilage.

Question 42

Mesenchyme is found only in the umbilical cord.

Question 43

Which is the first type of connective tissue to form in the embryo and the source of all other adult connective tissues?

A) Mesenchyme
B) Mucous
C) Adipose
D) Areolar
E) Umbilical

Question 44

Which type of connective tissue predominates in the deep portion of the dermis, where it lends strength to the skin?

A) Adipose
B) Dense regular
C) Dense irregular
D) Cartilage
E) Areolar

Question 45

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are polysaccharides.

Question 46

The internal feature of bone that makes it simultaneously strong and lightweight is the

A) presence of cartilage.
B) latticework structure of spongy bone.
C) pattern of osteons.
D) areolar connective tissue in the central cavity.
E) arrangement of collagenous fibers.

Question 47

Which type of connective tissue protein fiber forms a meshlike framework that provides structural support within many organs (within the spleen, for example)?

A) Collagen fibers
B) Reticular fibers
C) Elastic fibers
D) Mucoid fibers
E) Cartilaginous fibers

Question 48

Which cell type, found in connective tissue proper and close to blood vessels, secretes heparin and histamine?

A) Plasma cell
B) Adipocyte
C) Mast cell
D) Fibroblast
E) Mesenchymal cell

Question 49

Which feature is found in both cartilage and bone?

A) Chondrocyte
B) Osteocyte
C) Perichondrium
D) Central canal
E) Lacuna

Question 50

Many connective tissues play a role in immune protection.

Question 51

Which cell type, found in connective tissue proper, is formed from monocytes and serves to phagocytize damaged cells or pathogens?

A) Macrophage
B) Plasma cell
C) Mast cell
D) Mesenchymal cell
E) Adipocytes

Question 52

What unit of bone consists of a central canal (containing blood vessels, nerves, and lymph vessels) surrounded by concentric rings of calcified matrix?

A) Canaliculus
B) Lamella
C) Osteon
D) Osteocyte
E) Trabeculum

Question 53

Plasma is

A) a liquid ground substance containing dissolved proteins.
B) a dissolved ground matrix and a lining of epithelial cells.
C) a liquefied ground substance that includes several dissolved cells.
D) platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells.
E) platelets and a watery ground substance.

Question 54

A large molecule made up of a glycosaminoglycan linked to a protein is known as a ________.

Question 55

Which type of connective tissue is found in the papillary layer of the dermis and contains all of the cell types of connective tissue proper?

A) Adipose
B) Reticular
C) Dense irregular
D) Dense regular
E) Areolar

Question 56

Describe three functions of connective tissue and provide an example for each.

Question 57

Flat cells with tapered ends that are the most abundant resident cells in connective tissue proper are known as ________.

Question 58

Connective tissue proper is divided into two broad categories: loose connective tissue and dense connective tissue. This classification is based upon the

A) location of the tissue.
B) size of the cells present.
C) relative proportions of cells, fibers, and ground substance present.
D) number of different cells types and their respective arrangement.
E) origin of the tissue type.

Question 59

Some bone interiors contain hemopoietic tissue, which functions in

A) storing fat.
B) producing hormones.
C) making connective tissue fibers.
D) producing blood cells.
E) breaking down toxins.

Question 60

There are four types of body membranes. Select the exception.

A) Serous
B) Cutaneous
C) Mucous
D) Cartilaginous
E) Synovial

Question 61

The epithelial linings of the respiratory and digestive systems develop from the

A) ectoderm.
B) endoderm.
C) mesoderm.
D) lumenoderm.

Question 62

Intercalated discs are made up of gap junctions and ________.

Question 63

Synovial membranes are composed of areolar connective tissue covered with ________ epithelial cells.

A) squamous
B) cuboidal
C) columnar
D) pseudostratified

Question 64

The heart is confined within a double-walled serous membrane sac. The part of the membrane that is in contact with the heart is the ________ layer.

A) serous
B) visceral
C) parietal
D) synovial
E) mesothelial

Question 65

All muscle tissue develops from mesoderm.

Question 66

What type of muscle contains intercalated discs?

A) Skeletal
B) Cardiac
C) Smooth

Question 67

The general name given to the phenomenon that occurs when a mature epithelium changes to a different form is

A) mesothelia.
B) hyperplasia.
C) hypertrophy.
D) metaplasia.
E) neoplasia.

Question 68

Dendrites

A) transmit signals away from the cell body.
B) transmit signals toward the cell body.
C) manufacture proteins to be used by the neuron.
D) use hormones to transmit information.
E) release neurotransmitter.

Question 69

Axons

A) transmit signals away from the cell body.
B) transmit signals toward the cell body.
C) manufacture proteins to be used by the neuron.
D) use hormones to transmit information.
E) None of the choices is correct.

Question 70

The largest of the body membranes, commonly called the skin, is the ________ membrane.

A) serous
B) cutaneous
C) mucous
D) cartilaginous
E) synovial

Question 71

The type of membrane that prevents desiccation, provides lubrication, and traps bacteria and foreign particles is

A) serous.
B) cutaneous.
C) mucous.
D) cartilaginous.
E) synovial.

Question 72

Glial cells transmit impulses.

Question 73

Cardiac muscle is also known as visceral muscle.

Question 74

The type of muscle that is found in blood vessel walls is ________ muscle.

A) skeletal
B) cardiac
C) smooth

Question 75

Some neurons are longer than 1 meter.

Question 76

The type of muscle that has elongated, multinucleated cells and is under voluntary control is ________ muscle.

A) skeletal
B) cardiac
C) smooth

Question 77

The type of membrane that lines many of the body's joints is a ________ membrane.

A) serous
B) mucous
C) cutaneous
D) synovial
E) metastatic

Question 78

The ________ is the primary germ layer from which the brain and the rest of the nervous system develops.

Question 79

The nucleus of a neuron is found in its

A) glioma.
B) axon.
C) cell body.
D) dendrite.

Question 80

Which list is in correct developmental order?

A) Zygote, blastocyst, embryo
B) Blastocyst, embryo, zygote
C) Zygote, embryo, blastocyst
D) Blastocyst, zygote, embryo