Deck 11: Contraception and Abortion

Question 1

In the eighteenth century, condoms were made of

A)rubber.
B)linen.
C)animal intestines.
D)latex.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The progestin in combination pills

A)inhibits the production of LH and increases the thickness and acidity of cervical mucus.
B)inhibits the production of FSH.
C)decreases the thickness and acidity of cervical mucus.
D)inhibits the production of both FSH and LH.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Canada's first public health clinic to focus on family planning was opened in

A)Ottawa, Ontario.
B)Montreal, Quebec.
C)Scarborough, Ontario.
D)Vancouver, British Columbia.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

According to a 2005-2006 study of Canadian youth in Grade 10, the most popular form of birth control was

A)the birth control pill.
B)the condom.
C)the diaphragm.
D)withdrawal.

Question 5

In 2009, a national survey of Canadian women found that the most widely used form of contraception was

A)the male condom.
B)oral contraceptives.
C)chemical spermicide.
D)the withdrawal method.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is not true regarding the contraceptive pill?

A)The pill should not be taken by women with a history of circulatory problems or stroke.
B)The pill helps to reduce the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
C)The pill helps to protect women against STIs.
D)Some users report increased feelings of depression and irritability.

Question 7

Contraception became legal in Canada in

A)1969.
B)1935.
C)1956.
D)1945.

Question 8

Combination birth control pills work by

A)preventing the production of estrogen.
B)preventing the production of progesterone and thus ovulation.
C)preventing a fertilized egg from implanting in the fallopian tubes.
D)preventing the release of FSH and LH.

Question 9

The WHO has issued new guidelines regarding missed pills. A women who misses taking a pill should

A)take two at her next regular time.
B)take one as soon as possible, then continue taking one each day.
C)discontinue pill use and use condoms until her period.
D)take one and a half pills for two days, then resume her usual dosage.

Question 10

As well as thickening the cervical mucus, the minipill also

A)makes the fallopian tubes too acidic for an egg.
B)suppresses ovulation.
C)makes the inner lining of the uterus less receptive to a fertilized egg.
D)increases progesterone levels.

Question 11

According to a national survey (2009)of Canadian women, the three most popular methods of contraception are

A)male condom, oral contraceptives, IUD.
B)male condom, withdrawal, oral contraceptives.
C)oral contraceptives, IUD, withdrawal.
D)oral contraceptives, female condom, male condom.

Question 12

Physicians may prescribe the pill for conditions not related to pregnancy prevention. Which of the following conditions would the pill not be prescribed to address?

A)menstrual difficulties
B)facial acne
C)iron-deficiency anemia
D)depression

Question 13

After stopping the use of oral contraceptives, nearly all women begin ovulating regularly within

A)three weeks.
B)three months.
C)six months.
D)one year.

Question 14

Which of the following is true with regard to the history of birth control in Canada?

A)Birth control was illegal until the nineteenth century.
B)In 1902 it became legal to provide information about birth control.
C)The movement to legalize contraception began in the 1920s.
D)The first birth control clinic in Canada was established in 1965.

Question 15

Which statement is true regarding the failure rate of the birth control pill?

A)The pill is 100% effective for all users.
B)With typical use, the pill has a failure rate of 3%.
C)With consistent, correct use, the pill has a failure rate of 3%.
D)With typical use, the pill has a failure rate of .1%.

Question 16

Progestin in the combination pill

A)lowers estrogen levels.
B)increases the thickness and acidity of the cervical mucus.
C)delays ovulation.
D)increases progesterone levels.

Question 17

Combination pills contain

A)estrogen and FSH.
B)progesterone and FSH.
C)estrogen and progesterone.
D)estrogen and prostaglandins.

Question 18

With consistent correct use, which form of birth control is the least reliable?

A)withdrawal
B)IUD
C)cervical cap
D)spermicides

Question 19

Women in Greek and Roman times attempted to prevent pregnancy by

A)using the rhythm method.
B)placing absorbent material in their vaginas.
C)ingesting herbal medicines.
D)Douching.

Question 20

Which statement is true regarding the minipill?

A)It is taken for 21 days of the menstrual cycle.
B)It is taken daily throughout the menstrual cycle.
C)It is discontinued once menstruation starts.
D)It is taken for 28 days, then discontinued for 7 days.

Question 21

Research suggests that women who use the IUD have an increased risk of

A)pelvic inflammatory disease.
B)hormonal imbalances.
C)toxic shock syndrome.
D)uterine cancer.

Question 22

After removal of an IUD, about 90% of women who wish to become pregnant may do so within

A)six months
B)nine months
C)18 months
D)one year

Question 23

Emergency contraception is most effective when taken within ____ of unprotected intercourse.

A)24 hours
B)36 hours
C)72 hours
D)12 hours

Question 24

In Canada, the morning-after pill

A)is currently available without a prescription.
B)is illegal.
C)is available with a prescription from a physician.
D)is kept behind the counter at pharmacies.

Question 25

Of the following, which is not noted to be a benefit of oral contraceptive use?

A)reduction in the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease
B)reduction in the risk of benign ovarian cysts
C)reduction in facial acne
D)reduction in high blood pressure

Question 26

Which of the following is not caused by progestin in the combination pill?

A)increased muscle mass
B)increased appetite
C)water retention
D)weight gain

Question 27

The diaphragm's main function is to

A)prevent sperm from reaching the uterus.
B)alter the acidity in the vagina.
C)thicken the cervical mucus.
D)prevent implantation of a fertilized egg.

Question 28

What is a potential problem with the use of most IUDs?

A)They can cause excessive menstrual cramping.
B)They can increase blood pressure.
C)They can fall out during athletic activities.
D)They can cause a mucous discharge.

Question 29

A common side effect of emergency contraception is

A)vaginal bleeding
B)nausea
C)high blood pressure
D)infertility

Question 30

Depo-Provera is

A)a contraceptive vaginal ring.
B)a contraceptive patch.
C)an injectable hormone solution.
D)an emergency contraceptive pill.

Question 31

What is not true about diaphragms?

A)They are available by prescription.
B)They can be inserted up to six hours before intercourse.
C)They are made of thin latex rubber.
D)They come in different sizes.

Question 32

Marcus and Vanessa have planned a romantic evening of dinner and dancing. In preparation for the fact that they will make love later in the evening, Vanessa inserts her diaphragm and spermicide before leaving the house at seven. After dancing, she expects to arrive at home with Marcus around midnight. What should Vanessa know?

A)Dancing might dislodge the diaphragm.
B)Her spermicide is only effective for two hours after she inserts it.
C)The diaphragm should be inserted just before intercourse.
D)It is unnecessary to use spermicide.

Question 33

Jessica had a bout of gonorrhea a few years ago which was successfully treated. She is considering birth control. Which method should she avoid?

A)IUD
B)diaphragm
C)oral contraceptive
D)spermicides

Question 34

The morning-after pill

A)has a lower hormone content than most birth-control pills.
B)in some cases is recommended as a regular form of birth control.
C)has a higher hormone content than most birth-control pills.
D)prevents the ovum from passing through the fallopian tube.

Question 35

PID can produce scar tissue that blocks the fallopian tubes, causing

A)cancer.
B)infertility.
C)infection.
D)bloating.

Question 36

Research has shown that the IUD prevents pregnancy

A)by irritating the uterine lining.
B)by stimulating the immune system to create antibodies against sperm.
C)by preventing implantation of a fertilized ovum.
D)through some mechanism that isn't entirely clear.

Question 37

With combination pills, estrogen can increase a woman's weight by causing

A)fluid retention.
B)an increase in appetite.
C)the development of more muscle mass.
D)a slower metabolism.

Question 38

What is not an advantage of IUDs?

A)They increase the occurrence of PID.
B)They are highly effective.
C)They do not diminish sexual spontaneity.
D)They are relatively maintenance free.

Question 39

IUDs are approximately ___ % effective.

A)60
B)99
C)75
D)85

Question 40

What approximate percentage of sexually active women in Canada use IUDs?

A)1%
B)5%
C)10%
D)25%

Question 41

In withdrawal, the estimated first-year failure rate in typical use is about

A)50%.
B)40%.
C)35%.
D)20%.

Question 42

How long must a diaphragm be kept in place after intercourse?

A)one hour
B)three hours
C)five hours
D)six hours

Question 43

The ovulation-prediction method of contraception

A)is the same as the withdrawal method.
B)tracks LH levels.
C)is very ineffective.
D)relies on awareness of bodily changes during a woman's cycle.

Question 44

After ovulation, cervical mucus becomes

A)cloudy and tacky.
B)thick and white.
C)thick and yellow.
D)slippery and white.

Question 45

Most women who follow the calendar method need to abstain from coitus for at least

A)five days.
B)10 days.
C)seven days.
D)13 days.

Question 46

The primary reason Canadian women learn fertility awareness methods of birth control is

A)due to embarrassment using other forms of birth control.
B)because they are inexpensive.
C)because they are natural methods with no side effects.
D)due to latex allergies.

Question 47

Spermicidal suppositories should be inserted

A)about three hours before intercourse.
B)about two hours before intercourse.
C)no more than an hour before intercourse.
D)no less than 10-15 minutes before intercourse.

Question 48

Hendrick is considering becoming sexually active. He wants to use condoms to protect against the possibility of contracting an STI or HIV. Which type of condom should he use?

A)He should only use condoms made from the intestinal membranes of lambs.
B)He should only use condoms made of latex.
C)His partner can use the female condom.
D)All types of condoms will protect from STI and HIV.

Question 49

Research has shown that spermicides containing nonoxynol-9

A)increase susceptibility to HIV infection.
B)reduce susceptibility to HIV infection.
C)provide protection against STIs.
D)increase susceptibility to chlamydia infection.

Question 50

In typical use, the failure rate of the diaphragm is about

A)18%.
B)25%.
C)10%.
D)6%.

Question 51

On which days is intercourse avoided with the calendar method?

A)days 1-13 of the menstrual cycle
B)days 5-14 of the menstrual cycle
C)days 14-21 of the menstrual cycle
D)days 10-17 of the menstrual cycle

Question 52

According to the cervical mucus (ovulation)method of birth control, women are most fertile

A)when mucus is slippery and stringy.
B)when mucus is thick and sticky.
C)when there is no mucus present.
D)when mucus is white and cloudy.

Question 53

In a 2009 survey of Canadian women of reproductive age, _____ of women reported that they had used no form of contraception within the last six months.

A)5%
B)14%
C)20%
D)32%

Question 54

Of the following lubricants, which is safe to use with a condom?

A)baby oil
B)Vaseline
C)K-Y jelly
D)hand lotion

Question 55

For maximum protection from pregnancy, partners using condoms should

A)never carry the condom in a pocket or wallet.
B)combine condom use with a spermicide.
C)never open the condom package until ready to use.
D)never use scissors or teeth to open a condom package.

Question 56

Besides abstinence, which is the most effective form of contraception?

A)condoms
B)sterilization
C)withdrawal
D)diaphragms

Question 57

In the menstrual cycle, basal body temperature

A)rises just prior to ovulation and then falls three days after ovulation.
B)dips slightly just before ovulation and remains slightly lower until menstruation.
C)dips slightly just before ovulation and then rises and remains elevated until menstruation.
D)rises just before ovulation, remains elevated through ovulation, and then drops slightly until menstruation.

Question 58

Unlike the diaphragm, the cervical cap

A)fits over the cervix.
B)must be used with spermicide.
C)must be fitted by a health care professional.
D)provides continuous protection for 48 hours, without the need for additional spermicide.

Question 59

Which of the following statements regarding vasectomy is false?

A)Sperm is no longer produced by the testes.
B)Sex drive is not diminished.
C)Volume of ejaculate is not noticeably reduced.
D)Erectile function is not affected.

Question 60

Studies show that the primary reason Canadians use condoms is

A)because they are inexpensive and readily available.
B)to prevent pregnancy.
C)to protect against STIs.
D)because many people are too embarrassed to see a physician for birth control pills.

Question 61

Sterilization is more common among men and women who are

A)single.
B)married.
C)40 and over.
D)childless.

Question 62

In contrast to the diaphragm, the cervical cap

A)is larger and does not require the use of a spermicide.
B)is smaller and can provide protection for up to 48 hours.
C)is less likely to dislodge during intercourse.
D)has a much lower typical use failure rate.

Question 63

Which of the following statements regarding female sterilization is false?

A)Unfertilized eggs are reabsorbed by the body.
B)Sexual response is not diminished.
C)Menstrual cycle is not affected.
D)Eggs are no longer produced.

Question 64

Which of the following is not an acceptable form of female sterilization?

A)minilaparotomy
B)tubal ligation
C)culpotomy
D)hysterectomy

Question 65

Douching after intercourse might

A)actually propel sperm toward the uterus.
B)decrease the chance of pregnancy by about 85%.
C)restore the natural chemical balance of the vagina.
D)decrease the risk of contracting an STI or HIV.

Question 66

Which of the following holds promise as a contraceptive?

A)Lrh1 gene manipulation
B)sildenifil
C)inhibin
D)small doses of testosterone

Question 67

Studies show that men who had vasectomies can reverse them with a success rate of

A)10%.
B)10%-16%.
C)16%-79%.
D)80%.

Question 68

Which is not a form of contraception?

A)hormonal method
B)vaginal ring
C)douching
D)withdrawal

Question 69

Female sterilization involves

A)the removal of the uterus and ovaries.
B)the removal of the fallopian tubes.
C)cutting and tying the fallopian tubes.
D)cutting the fallopian tubes and removing the uterus.

Question 70

The highest induced abortion rate for Canadian women is for those aged

A)15-19.
B)20-24.
C)35-39.
D)30-34.

Question 71

Which of the following is true regarding abortion in Canada?

A)Abortion is available to varying degrees in all provinces.
B)According to 2005 statistics, Ontario has the highest induced abortion rate in Canada.
C)Induced abortions are most common in women under the age of 20.
D)The induced abortion rate has fallen for women in all age groups except those aged 35-39.

Question 72

Depo-Provera

A)is available without a prescription at the pharmacy.
B)provides up to eight years of protection.
C)contains progestin only.
D)increases bone density.

Question 73

A woman using Depo-Provera must receive an injection

A)every month.
B)every six months.
C)every three months.
D)once a year.

Question 74

In a vasectomy,

A)each vas deferens is severed.
B)each epididymus is severed.
C)the seminiferous tubules are tied shut.
D)the seminal vesicles are tied shut.

Question 75

Which statement is true regarding the history of abortion?

A)The Bible specifically prohibits abortion.
B)In Canada, the abortion law restricts abortion under certain conditions.
C)In Canada, abortion was legalized in 1960.
D)Abortion was illegal in Canada until 1969.

Question 76

Which is not true about cervical caps?

A)They are smaller than a diaphragm.
B)They provide continuous protection for nearly 48 hours.
C)They are intended to be used with a spermicide.
D)They are available without a prescription.

Question 77

With regard to abortion statistics in Canada, which of the following is true?

A)The majority of abortions are performed in clinics.
B)The majority of abortions are performed in hospitals.
C)All abortions must be reported to provincial or territorial ministries of health.
D)Comprehensive abortion statistics are available annually.

Question 78

Which method of contraception provides the best protection against STIs?

A)female condom
B)male condom
C)cervical cap
D)spermicides

Question 79

Nina is concerned about the effectiveness of Depo-Provera as a contraceptive device. What should you tell Nina about the failure rate?

A)The failure rate is similar to that of the diaphragm.
B)The failure rate is only about 7%.
C)The failure rate is lower than the IUD but higher than oral contraceptives.
D)The failure rate is similar to oral contraceptives.

Question 80

The female condom is made of

A)latex.
B)polyurethane.
C)silicone.
D)lamb skin.