Deck 41: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Question 1

The cause of Paget disease is:

A) fluoride deficiency.
B) unknown at present.
C) excess vitamin A.
D) osteogenic sarcoma.

Answer 1

unknown at present.

Question 2

A 32-year-old obese male begins a jogging routine.A week after beginning, he fractures his leg.This is referred to as a what type of fracture?

A) Comminuted
B) Greenstick
C) Fatigue
D) Compound

Answer 2

Fatigue

Question 3

What term is used to describe a torn ligament?

A) Sprain
B) Strain
C) Disunion
D) Subluxation

Answer 3

Sprain

Question 4

Which clinical finding would be expected in the patient with rhabdomyolysis?

A) Sweating
B) Dark urine
C) Yellow color to the skin
D) Lower extremity swelling

Question 5

A 70 year old diagnosed with osteoporosis fell and fractures the left leg at a location of preexisting abnormality.Which term describes the fracture?

A) Fatigue
B) Stress
C) Pathologic
D) Greenstick

Question 6

When a 70-year-old female presents with a hip fracture, she is diagnosed with osteoporosis.One factor that most likely contributed to her condition is:

A) increased androgen levels.
B) decreased estrogen levels.
C) strenuous exercise.
D) excessive dietary calcium.

Question 7

A disorder similar to osteomalacia that occurs in growing bones of children is termed:

A) Paget disease.
B) rickets.
C) osteomyelitis.
D) osteosarcoma.

Question 8

A 36 year old reports pain and weakness in the elbow.MRI reveals inflammation of the tendon and the presence of microtears where it attaches to bone.This condition is called:

A) periostitis.
B) muscle strain.
C) bursitis.
D) epicondylopathy.

Question 9

A 56-year-old male was admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of osteomalacia.History reveals that he underwent bariatric surgery 3 years earlier.What is the common link between the surgery and the development of osteomalacia?

A) Impaired phosphate absorption
B) Increased calcium excretion
C) Vitamin D deficiency
D) Impaired vitamin C metabolism

Question 10

What is the primary organism responsible for osteomyelitis?

A) Staphylococcus aureus
B) Salmonella
C) Mycobacterium
D) Haemophilus influenza

Question 11

A 70-year-old female presents with a hip fracture secondary to osteoporosis.This condition is caused by an increase in bone:

A) density.
B) formation.
C) resorption.
D) mineralization.

Question 12

A 34-year-old female was recently diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Physical examination revealed that inflammation is noted in various:

A) synovial membranes.
B) short bones.
C) subchondral bones.
D) bursae sacs.

Question 13

A client is admitted to the hospital with a transverse fracture of the femur.Which statement best describes this type of fracture?

A) The fracture line is parallel to the bone.
B) The fracture line is straight across the bone.
C) The fracture line is perpendicular to the bone.
D) The fracture line is vertical to the shaft of the bone.

Question 14

The incidence of fractures of the pelvis is highest in:

A) preadolescent boys.
B) adolescent boys.
C) adolescent girls.
D) older adults.

Question 15

Osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease, is characterized by loss of:

A) the epiphyses.
B) articular cartilage.
C) synovial fluid.
D) the joint capsule.

Question 16

Osteomalacia is a result of:

A) collagen breakdown in the bone matrix.
B) excessive bone resorption.
C) crowding of bone marrow by excessive bone growth.
D) inadequate bone mineralization.

Question 17

Researchers now believe that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a result of:

A) an ineffective antiviral agent.
B) an autoimmune disease.
C) a complication of rheumatic fever.
D) a superficial joint injury.

Question 18

Transchondral fractures are most prevalent in:

A) adolescents.
B) older adults.
C) infants.
D) premenopausal females.

Question 19

The diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis is based on the measurement of which laboratory value?

A) White blood cell count (WBC)
B) Antinuclear antibodies
C) Aspartate aminotransferase
D) Creatine kinase (CK)

Question 20

A 35 year old suffers a broken clavicle following a motor vehicle accident.X-ray reveals that the bone surfaces in the joint partially lost contact with each other.This condition is called:

A) dislocation.
B) subluxation.
C) distortion.
D) nonunion.

Question 21

A 32-year-old male was injured in a motor vehicle accident and confined to bed for 3 weeks.During this time, the size and strength of muscle fibers decreased, a condition referred to as:

A) myelodysplasia.
B) ischemic atrophy.
C) disuse atrophy.
D) fibromyalgia.

Question 22

The most common cause of toxic myopathy is:

A) infection.
B) a tumor.
C) alcoholism.
D) osteoporosis.

Question 23

The inflammatory symptoms of classic gouty arthritis are caused by the crystallization of _____ within the synovial fluid.

A) purines
B) pyrimidines
C) monosodium urate
D) acetic acid

Question 24

Which of the following people is at highest risk for the development of gout?

A) Men aged 40-50 years
B) Premenopausal women
C) Male adolescents
D) Female children

Question 25

What is the term used to identify a pattern of bone destruction indicative of an aggressive malignant tumor? (Select all that apply.)

A) Moth-eaten
B) Permeative
C) Geographic
D) Radial
E) Selective

Question 26

A 21 year old is diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).The most likely joint to be affected would be the:

A) sacroiliac.
B) carpal.
C) shoulder.
D) knee.

Question 27

The chronic stage of gout, characterized by crystalline deposits in cartilage, synovial membranes, and soft tissue, is called:

A) monoarticular arthritis.
B) tophaceous gout.
C) asymptomatic hyperuricemia.
D) complicated gout.

Question 28

A 60-year-old male presents with swelling and pain in the knee.CT reveals a tumor has developed from a preexisting benign bone lesion.This supports which diagnosis?

A) Secondary chondrosarcoma
B) Rhabdomyoma
C) Rhabdomyosarcoma
D) Fibrosarcoma

Question 29

Fibromyalgia is a chronic musculoskeletal disorder characterized by:

A) pain resulting from joint and muscle inflammation.
B) muscle pain in the back and gastrointestinal symptoms.
C) neurologic pain in the skeletal muscles.
D) diffuse pain, fatigue, and tender points.

Question 30

A 46-year-old male diagnosed with gouty arthritis is at high risk for developing:

A) cholelithiasis.
B) myocarditis.
C) renal stones.
D) liver failure.

Question 31

Signs and symptoms of subluxation include: (Select all that apply.)

A) pain.
B) swelling.
C) hemorrhage.
D) limitation of movement.
E) joint deformity.

Question 32

A malignant tumor of striated muscle tissue origin commonly found on the neck is called a:

A) myelogenic tumor.
B) giant cell tumor.
C) rhabdomyosarcoma.
D) rhabdomyoma.

Question 33

To make a diagnosis of fibromyalgia, tenderness must be present in ____ of the 18 points necessary for diagnosis.

Question 34

What is the most common aggravating trigger of gouty arthritis attacks?

A) Trauma
B) Anemia
C) High-fat foods
D) Lack of exercise

Question 35

A 54-year-old male was recently diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Which of the following is the expected treatment of choice?

A) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
B) Gold salts
C) Methotrexate
D) Colchicine