Deck 4: Cellular Immunity

Question 1

To measure T-cell response to a particular antigen,

A)the antigen is added to a purified population of T cells, and tritiated thymidine is added to measure T-cell proliferation
B)the antigen is added to T cells and antigen-presenting cells, and tritiated thymidine is added to measure T-cell proliferation
C)the antigen is added to T cells and antigen-presenting cells, and Chromium 51 is added to measure T-cell proliferation
D)mitogen and the antigen is added to mononuclear cells, and tritiated thymidine is added to measure T-cell proliferation

Answer 1

the antigen is added to T cells and antigen-presenting cells, and tritiated thymidine is added to measure T-cell proliferation

Question 2

The cells that steer the immune response toward a cell-mediated response are

A)B cells
B)dendritic cells
C)TH1 cells
D)TH2 cells
E)C and D

Answer 2

TH1 cells

Question 3

Inflammatory cytokines include the following

A)IL-2, GM-CSF
B)IL-4, IL-10
C)IL-1, IL-6, TNF
D)IL-15, IL-7, IL-3

Answer 3

IL-1, IL-6, TNF

Question 4

The cells that steer toward an antibody response through the production of IL4, IL5 among others are

A)B cells
B)dendritic cells
C)TH1 cells
D)TH2 cells
E)C and D

Question 5

If I want to downregulate the immune response, which of the following cytokines has that as its primary effect?

A)IL-2
B)IL-4
C)IL-10
D)GM-CSF

Question 6

Positive selection occurs when

A)cells become positive for either CD4 or CD8 by recognizing either the MHC class I or class II molecule
B)cells that recognize self-antigens are allowed to live
C)cells that recognize self-antigens undergo apoptosis
D)none of the above

Question 7

Negative selection in the thymus occurs

A)when the T cells recognize the CD4 molecule
B)when the T cells maturing in the thymus recognize self-antigens
C)when the T cells bind to class I molecules
D)when the T cells bind to class II molecules

Question 8

Which of these promotes IgE production?

A)IL-1
B)IL-2
C)IL-3
D)IL-4
E)A and D

Question 9

Which of these causes proliferation of certain hematopoietic cells as its primary activity?

A)IL-2
B)IL-10
C)GM-CSF
D)none of the above

Question 10

X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency disorder is due to a defect in

A)the synthesis of IL-2
B)the synthesis of IL-1
C)a defect in the IL-2 receptor
D)a defect in a receptor subunit that is shared by many cytokines
E)C and D

Question 11

Negative selection occurs when

A)cells become positive for either CD4 or CD8 when they recognize either the MHC class I or class II molecule
B)cells become negative for both CD4 or CD8 when they recognize either the MHC class I or class II molecule
C)cells that recognize self-antigens are allowed to live
D)cells that recognize self-antigens undergo apoptosis

Question 12

Regulatory T cells Answer are usually

A)CD4+
B)CD8+
C)CD4+ and CD 8+
D)CD4- and CD8-

Question 13

I want to measure T cell killing of a tumor cell, so I

A)add tritiated thymidine to measure T-cell proliferation
B)add antigen to T cells and antigen-presenting cells and tritiated thymidine to measure T-cell proliferation
C)incubate the tumor cells with Chromium 51 and add T cells to measure released Chromium 51D incubate the tumor cells with Chromium 51, add antigen-presenting cells and T cells to measure released Chromium 51

Question 14

What cytokine do antibodies use clinically to decrease autoimmunity?

A)GM-CSF
B)IL-4
C)TNF
D)IL-3

Question 15

When a T cell produces IL-2 and upregulates itself and a nearby B cell The resultant response is

A)a paracrine and autocrine response that can cause T and B cell proliferation and antibody production.
B)a paracrine and an exocrine response that can cause autoimmunity.
C)a paracrine and endocrine response that can cause the production of GM-CSF by the B cell.
D)an autocrine and endocrine response that can cause T- and B-cell proliferation and antibody formation.

Question 16

When a cell releases a chemokine that brings cells to the site from a long distance, this is

A)an autocrine response
B)a paracrine response
C)an endocrine response
D)an autocrine and an endocrine response

Question 17

Two cytokines work 10-fold better used together than when either one is used separately, this is

A)a redundant effect
B)an antagonistic effect
C)a synergistic effect
D)an antagonistic and a synergistic effect

Question 18

The term redundancy of cytokines means that

A)one cytokine can have many effects
B)one cytokine can act synergistically with another
C)one cytokine produced by one cell can effect another cell
D)more than one cytokine can have the same function

Question 19

Which of these is named because it interferes with the production of viruses?

A)interferon alpha
B)interferon beta
C)interferon gamma
D)A and C
E)A, B, and C

Question 20

Which cytokine(s) increase the class I molecule expression on various cell types?

A)interferon gamma
B)tumor necrosis factor
C)IL-6
D)IL-2
E)A and B

Question 21

Immunological tolerance

A)is a state of unresponsiveness specific for a particular antigen
B)occurs when a group of proteins belonging to the adhesins family turns off the response
C)is caused by T cells that express both CD4 and CD8 molecules
D)is caused by T cells that express neither the CD4 nor the CD8 molecule

Question 22

Which of the following cytokines are used clinically?

A)interferons, IL-2, GM-CSF
B)IL-1, IL-6, TNF alpha
C)TNF-alpha only
D)interferons only

Question 23

Activated CD 8 + T cells

A)most often cause downregulation of T helper response
B)help B cells make antibody
C)attach to a target cell and kill it with perforins
D)all of the above

Question 24

Thymocytes start as

A)double negative, become CD4 positive, then may become double negative again, become CD8 positive, and then can become double positive
B)double negative, become CD8 positive, then may become double negative again, become CD4 positive, and then can become double positive
C)double negative, become double positive, and then become either CD4 positive or CD8 positive
D)none of the above

Question 25

MHC restriction is

A)a large group of different proteins sharing structural similarities that are involved in a variety of different functions
B)the ability of a host to react with a particular antigen only when components of that antigen, after processing, are presented to T cells in combination with that individual's MHC
C)a process in the development of thymocytes in which self-reacting thymocytes are deleted from the host's T-cell repertoire
D)the name of a set of alleles at different loci from a particular chromosome transmitted together