Deck 9: Hypersensitivity Reactions

Question 1

The mast cell is armed with surface immunoglobulin during the

A)sensitization phase
B)activation phase
C)effector phase
D)implementation phase

Answer 1

sensitization phase

Question 2

Two children in a family are half sisters; that is, their mom remarried so they both have the same mom but different fathers. The oldest child has severe allergies to dust, eggs, pollen, and chocolate, but the mom, the second child's dad and the second child have no allergies at all. The oldest child may have inherited from her dad

A)an MHC haplotype that favors a TH1 response
B)an MHC haplotype that favors a TH2 response
C)a genetic variation that causes increased production of cytokines that favor IgE production
D)A and/or C
E)B and/or C

Answer 2

B and/or C

Question 3

The symptoms of an immediate hypersensitivity reaction depend upon

A)where the antigen enters the body
B)how much allergen enters the body
C)how much IgE the patient has made
D)all of the above

Answer 3

all of the above

Question 4

Two people are allergic to ragweed, but Bill of them has mild symptoms in his nose and eyes whereas the Sue experiences severe asthma. There are 17 species of ragweed. What are possible reasons for the difference in their symptoms?

A)The pollen that Sue, the person with asthma is allergic to may be smaller in molecular weight and thus go more deeply into her lungs and in addition Sue may have more IgE to the allergen than Bill.
B)The pollen that Sue, the person with asthma is allergic to may be larger in molecular weight and thus go more deeply into ther lungs and in addition she may have more IgE to the allergen.
C)The pollen that Bill, person with mild symptom is allergic to may be larger in molecular weight and thus go more deeply into his lungs and he may have more IgE to the allergenso the reaction occurs as soon as the allergen enters.
D)The pollen that Bill, the person with mild symptom is allergic to may be smaller and thus go more deeply into his lungs and and he may have more IgE to the allergen and thus he would experience the reaction as soon as the allergen enters.

Question 5

Which of the following is correct?

A)type I IgG to cell surface antigens, type II IgE allergic reaction, type III immune complexes, type IV cellular reaction
B)type I IgE allergic reaction, type II IgG to cell surface antigens, type III immune complexes, type IV cellular reaction
C)type I IgE allergic reaction, type II cellular reaction, type III immune complexes, type IV IgG to cell surface antigens
D)type I IgE allergic reaction, type II immune complexes, type III cellular reaction, type IV IgG to cell surface antigens

Question 6

For hyposensitization,

A)small amounts of allergen are given orally in hope of creating tolerance
B)small amounts of allergen are given in hope of stimulating regulatory T cells
C)small amounts of allergen are given in hope of creating an IgG response
D)none of the above

Question 7

The purpose of hyposensitization is to develop

A)IgM that binds to the allergen to block the IgE binding
B)IgG that crosses the placenta to protect the infant from endemic diseases
C)IgG that binds to the allergen to block the IgE binding
D)IgG in a new type of vaccine to block HIV entry from hypodermic injections

Question 8

Controls for a skin test for allergy include

A)a ppd reaction and saline
B)a ppd reaction and histamine
C)a ppd reaction and a tine test
D)saline and histamine

Question 9

An immunoassay has a solid matrix with a specific test allergen on its surface.

A)This will be part of a RAST and will be an indirect assay.
B)This will be part of a RIST and will be a capture assay.
C)This will be part of a skin test.
D)This could be any of the above.

Question 10

IgE-mediated reactions seem counterintuitive in relation to survival of the fittest because it seems strange that a response that can cause life-threatening results would be preserved., However, IgE-mediated responses can be protective in responses to pathogens

A)by clearing the gastrointestinal tract via vomiting and diarrhea
B)by contracting or blocking airways
C)by increasing fluids and blood flow to allow better access to immune and inflammatory components to the site of an attack
D)all of the above

Question 11

A RIST is a(n) ___________; a RAST is a(n) ______________.

A)indirect assay; capture assay
B)direct assay; indirect assay
C)capture assay; capture assay
D)capture assay; indirect assay

Question 12

In a transfusion reaction,

A)the antibody can bind to surface antigens of red blood cells and activate complement
B)the antibody can bind to the surface of red blood cells, which can become phagocytized because of the surface Fc regions
C)the antibody can bind to the surface of red blood cells, which can become phagocytized because of the surface Fab regions
D)A and B

Question 13

Which of the following are early mediators of type I hypersensitivity?

A)leukotrienes, platelet activating factors, histamines, prostaglandins
B)histamines, prostaglandins, cytokines, serotonin
C)histamines, prostaglandins, IL-4, serotonin, altered phospholipids
D)histamines, prostaglandins as well as eosinophil chemotaxins, serotonin

Question 14

Who is given RH immune globulin?

A)an RH(D) positive baby who has mom's antibody on his red blood cells to block lysis
B)an RH (D) positive dad prior to conception, so he will produce only an RH negative child
C)an RH (D) negative mom so that she will not make anti-RH
D)an RH (D) positive mom so that she will not make anti-RH
E)A and C

Question 15

What type of function do tissues injured in type III hypersensitivity often have?

A)filtering
B)respiratory
C)digestive
D)metabolic

Question 16

After antigen-stimulated production of IgE and upon second exposure to the antigen, the antigen

A)forms immune complexes with circulating IgE and then binds to mast cells, and the IgE becomes cross-linked
B)forms immune complexes with circulating IgA and then binds to mast cells, and the IgE becomes cross-linked
C)binds to IgE bound to mast cells, and the IgE becomes cross-linked
D)binds to IgE bound to granulocytes and activates a calcium ion channel

Question 17

An example of a type II hypersensitivity disease is

A)SLE
B)rheumatoid factor
C)Goodpasture's disease
D)A and B

Question 18

An example of a type I hypersensitivity reaction is

A)an allergic reaction to the gold in a ring
B)a transfusion reaction
C)the allergic reaction to poison ivy
D)the allergic reaction to peanuts

Question 19

A farmer was cleaning out the grain silo in the early fall, getting it prepared for fresh grain. There was an area to which she paid special attention because it had some mold, and it is important to disinfect it prior to addition of the new grain. This happened last year as well. During the initial stages of the cleanup, the air was full of the mold's smell and actually became cloudy in an area around her. Twelve hours later, she began to have respiratory symptoms that resulted from a hypersensitivity reaction. Upon testing her sera in an Ouchterlony reaction, she had an obvious precipitin reaction. The reaction seen in her lungs is similar to the reaction seen on the Ouchterlony. She has a

A)type I hypersensitivity reaction
B)type II hypersensitivity reaction
C)type III hypersensitivity reaction
D)type IV hypersensitivity reaction

Question 20

This figure shows a skin reaction that developed as the result of the reaction of the individual to a ring that was not pure gold but was alloyed with nickel. The reaction appeared 2 days after wearing the ring. This rash is

A)pemphigus vulgaris.
B)It is an IgE-mediated reaction
C)It is a type III hypersensitivity. reaction.
D)It is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction.
E)A and D

Question 21

A positive tuberculin tine test

A)is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction
B)is a type III hypersensitivity reaction
C)has fibrin in it, which makes the reaction site hard as well as raised
D)A and C
E)B and C

Question 22

The first time Susie had strawberries, she had a wonderful seafood meal for the second time in a month. After dinner, she experienced hives and vomiting and diarrhea.

A)The rash indicates that she must be allergic to the strawberries, and the diarrhea indicates that she probably had food poisoning as well.
B)The rash indicates that she must be allergic to the strawberries, and the diarrhea indicates that she probably is also allergic to the seafood.
C)Both the rash and the diarrhea are probably due to her seafood allergy that is showing clinical symptoms for the first time.
D)The rash is due to her seafood allergy, and the diarrhea must be due to hepatitis because allergies do not cause diarrhea.

Question 23

Hemolytic anemias are mediated by

A)type I hypersensitivity
B)type II hypersensitivity
C)type III hypersensitivity
D)type IV hypersensitivity

Question 24

The indirect antiglobulin test, or IAT, is used when

A)testing a woman's blood for antibody to the Rh antigen
B)testing a baby's red blood cells to see whether they are coated with antibody
C)vaccinating a patient to have them make IgG instead of IgE
D)none of the above
E)A and B

Question 25

Skin testing uses

A)an intramuscular injection of the antigen for allergy testing
B)an intradermal injection of the antigen for allergy testing
C)a saline negative control and a histamine positive control
D)A and C
E)B and C

Question 26

The assay that measures the amount of the patient's total IgE is

A)RIST
B)RAST
C)a capture immunoassay
D)A and C
E)B and C