Deck 9: Ethical and Legal Issues Related to Advancing Science and Technology

Question 1

Predictive testing for genetic conditions or illnesses raises an individual's awareness of risk and, thus, reduces the likelihood of related ethical issues.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Which of the following technologies will have the strongest influence on future generations?

A) Gene editing
B) In vitro fertilization (IVF)
C) In utero surgery
D) Genetic testing

Answer 2

Gene editing

Question 3

Which of the following factors must be considered in ethical decisions regarding interventions in preterm neonates?

A) The risks associated with the proposed intervention
B) The stress on the parents of the infant
C) The comfort level of the infant
D) All are correct

Answer 3

All are correct

Question 4

Which of the following statement is reflective of the Assisted Human Reproduction Act (2004)?

A) The health and well-being of the parents must be given the greatest priority.
B) Men and women are equally affected by reproductive technology.
C) Embryos must not be stored for longer than 1 year.
D) Informed consent is a fundamental principle in reproductive technology.

Question 5

A pediatric patient's cancer treatments will likely result in infertility. In this context, what is the most significant ethical issue concerning the cryopreservation of sperm or eggs for future use?

A) The option of sperm collection requires masturbation, which is a taboo.
B) Transplanting ovarian tissue into an arm is unethical.
C) The child may die before sperm or eggs can be used.
D) Challenges associated with informed consent.

Question 6

A preterm infant at 24 weeks of gestation should be given comfort care only because the infant would not be considered viable.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true of the feminist ethical perspective on reproductive technology?

A) Men are most affected by reproductive technology.
B) Couples and individuals, not the medical profession, should control the right to reproductive choice.
C) The medical profession should control reproductive technology.
D) Only male-female couples should pursue reproductive technology.

Question 8

Which of the following is a major advantage of genetic testing?

A) The gene associated with diseases such as Huntington's chorea can be identified, and thus, the disease can be prevented.
B) Genetic testing is the key to precision medicine.
C) The results are shared with all family members.
D) Genetic testing helps identify a person's ancestry.

Question 9

A 23-year-old female patient who is the victim of a motor vehicle accident arrives in the emergency room, where she dies as a result of her injuries. It is acceptable, at this stage, to retrieve her eggs at her husband's request.

Question 10

The Assisted Human Reproduction Act defines a fetus as "a human organism … beginning on the 57th day following fertilization … and ending at birth."

Question 11

Which of the following is the strongest argument against egg donation?

A) The donor is usually younger than the recipient.
B) Ovarian stimulation is inappropriate.
C) The donor may be anonymous.
D) There is the potential for abuse of the system.

Question 12

In 1995, the Government of Canada put a moratorium on which of the following reproductive practices?

A) Gestational surrogacy through embryo donation for couples over 50 years of age
B) Commercial preconception arrangements
C) Ovarian cryopreservation for premenarcheal girls
D) Restricting offspring from information about sperm or egg donors until they are 18 years of age.

Question 13

Which of the following is the most significant in terms of ethical debate or potential ethical dilemmas?

A) Using birth control pills
B) Defining infertility as a medical condition
C) Undergoing a caesarean section
D) Having ultrasonography performed during pregnancy

Question 14

An adult patient with lymphoma has undergone autologous (self-donated) cell transplantation after a course of chemotherapy. This situation poses an ethical dilemma.

Question 15

Which of the following ethical considerations are most relevant to whole genome sequencing?

A) Coercion and beneficence
B) Informed consent and confidentiality
C) Beneficence and confidentiality
D) Nonmaleficence and truth telling