Deck 11: Rococo to Neoclassicism in Europe and America

Question 1

Joseph Wright of Derby's scientific subjects and detailed rendering of them appealed to _____.

A) ​aristocrats
B) ​church officials
C) ​industrialists
D) ​merchants

Answer 1

​industrialists

Question 2

Possibly inspiring the name of the style, _____ were a principal motif in Rococo interior decoration.

A) ​geometric designs
B) ​Islamic patterns
C) ​narratives
D) ​shells

Answer 2

​shells

Question 3

One device used in Grand Manner portraiture was to elevate the sitter by _____.

A) ​giving the person a halo
B) ​creating an architectural backdrop
C) ​making the person large relative to the canvas
D) ​dressing the person in ancient clothing

Answer 3

​making the person large relative to the canvas

Question 4

_____ specialized in dramatic renderings of scientific experiments.

A) ​Antoine Watteau
B) ​Joseph Wright of Derby
C) ​Jean-Baptiste Siméon Chardin
D) ​Benjamin West

Question 5

Although born in America, _____ became the official painter to King George III.

A) ​Johann Winckelmann
B) ​Jean-Antoine Houdon
C) ​William Hogarth
D) ​Benjamin West

Question 6

_____ is widely considered to be the first truly British painter.

A) ​Sir Joshua Reynolds
B) ​William Hogarth
C) ​Joseph Wright of Derby
D) ​John Singleton Copley

Question 7

The French _____ argued that society could improve by applying reason to problems.

A) ​philosophes
B) ​naturalists
C) ​clergy
D) ​satirists

Question 8

British visitors on the Grand Tour purchased scenic views of Venice called _____.

A) ​fête galantes
B) ​rocaille
C) ​vedute
D) ​novels

Question 9

The Enlightenment's emphasis on _____ contributed to the renewed interest in classical antiquity.

A) ​rationality
B) ​elevating the lower classes
C) ​rigid class structure
D) ​religious doctrines

Question 10

In the early 18th century, the seat of French culture shifted from palaces to _____.

A) ​cathedrals
B) ​provincial cities
C) ​hôtels
D) ​town halls

Question 11

_____ is the painter most closely associated with the French Rococo style.

A) ​Antonio Canaletto
B) ​Jacques-Louis David
C) ​Angelica Kauffmann
D) ​Antoine Watteau

Question 12

French social gatherings took place in the _____ of townhouses.

A) ​salon
B) ​ballroom
C) ​offices
D) ​entries

Question 13

The _____ of Copley's portrait of Paul Revere made it well suited to American tastes.

A) ​direct and factual nature
B) ​strong emotion
C) ​idealization
D) ​romantic nature

Question 14

Invented by Watteau, fête galante paintings had _____ as their subjects.

A) ​mythological scenes
B) ​outdoor amusements of aristocrats
C) ​biblical stories
D) ​historical events

Question 15

The _____ of Hogarth's paintings was a uniquely English trait.

A) ​moral overtones
B) ​loose brushwork
C) ​historical accuracy
D) ​personal expression

Question 16

_____ is the artistic movement that incorporated the subjects and styles of ancient art.

A) ​Romanticism
B) ​Neoclassicism
C) ​Rococo
D) ​Natural art

Question 17

_____ was the leading painter of scenic views of Venice.

A) ​William Hogarth
B) ​Pompeo Batoni
C) ​Antonio Canova
D) ​Antonio Canaletto

Question 18

The _____ was part of the education of well-bred Europeans and Americans.

A) ​pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela
B) ​Grand Tour
C) ​reading of Winckelmann's publications
D) ​vedute

Question 19

Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin specialized in painting _____.

A) ​scenic views of Venice
B) ​Grand Tour portraits
C) ​battle scenes
D) ​quiet domestic scenes

Question 20

The members of the French Academy who followed Poussin believed that the most important element of art was _____.

A) ​color
B) ​texture
C) ​form
D) ​loose brushworks

Question 21

How did the English artist, William Hogarth, approach his subjects?

Question 22

According to Jacques-Louis David, the subjects of artworks should be historical events to _____.

A) ​ensure that they never are repeated
B) ​inspire patriotism
C) ​persuade viewers in favor of colonialism
D) ​keep the lower classes form understanding art

Question 23

How did the artist make the subject matter appear authentic?

Question 24

What influenced Thomas Jefferson's ideas about architecture?

Question 25

Who were the Poussinistes and Rubénistes, and what aspects of style did they debate?

Question 26

Johann Winckelmann, the first art historian, identified _____ as the most perfect art form ever made.

A) ​Greek art
B) ​the art of the Germanic warlords
C) ​Gothic art
D) ​Viking art

Question 27

What devices does the artist use to promote the Orrery? How are the people portrayed?

Question 28

Describe Rousseau's ideas about the nature of man and how they inspired the demise of the Rococo style.

Question 29

Which art historical method di Johann Winckelmann initiate?

Question 30

To help promote the revolutionary leader Jean-Paul Marat as a martyr, David based his figure on _____.

A) ​Saint Michael the Archangel
B) ​the Pantokrator in Byzantine art
C) ​Raphaels's Aristotle
D) ​Michelangelo's Pietà

Question 31

How did the Grand Tour contribute to the rise of Neoclassicism?

Question 32

Which ideas of Lock and Newton formed the foundation of Enlightenment thought?

Question 33

_____ was painted by David to help provide encouragement to revolutionary forces in France.

A) ​Lord Heathfield
B) ​Pilgrimage to Cythera
C) ​Death of Marat
D) ​Death of General Wolfe

Question 34

What was Antonio Canaletto's method of creating his vedute of Venice?

Question 35

_____ by Houdon is the sculptural equivalent of a Grand Manner portrait.

A) ​The Swing
B) ​Lord Heathfield
C) ​George Washington
D) ​Death of Marat

Question 36

How does the artist describe his subject as a novelist?

Question 37

_____ by Jacques-Germain Soufflot demonstrates a revived interest in Classical architecture in France.

A) ​Panthéon
B) ​The Orrery
C) ​Monticello
D) ​Chiswick House

Question 38

Which aspects of Watteau's style appealed to his wealthy patrons?

Question 39

Which civic and cultural values were associated with Neoclassical art?

Question 40

______ wanted Neoclassicism as the national architectural style of America.

A) ​King George III
B) ​George Washington
C) ​Sir Joshua Reynolds
D) ​Thomas Jefferson

Question 41

What are the main characteristics of Neoclassical architecture? What sources inspired architects? How is it different than Baroque architecture?

Question 42

How does this exemplify the Neoclassical style?

Question 43

What kind of portrait is this? Why was it popular?

Question 44

Citing examples, please explain how various aspects of Enlightenment thought influenced the style and subjects matter of art.

Question 45

Which aspects contributed to the presentation of this figure as a martyr?

Question 46

Which characteristics make this a Grand Manner portrait?

Question 47

Several types of portraiture emerged during this period. Providing examples, please explore the different methods artists developed for presenting their subjects and why these appealed to their sitters.

Question 48

Which elements are considered American, and which are European?

Question 49

Attribute the images on the screen to a culture and give an approximate date. Give the reasons for your attributions, using complete sentences and referring to specific works discussed in class.

Question 50

Describe the dominant stylistic qualities and subjects of Neoclassical art. What values did Neoclassical art communicate to different audiences?

Question 51

How did the artist blend realism and traditional history painting?

Question 52

How did this artist change the conventions of portraiture?

Question 53

What are the hallmarks of the Rococo style in interior design and painting? Please provide examples.