Deck 7: Interpersonal Therapies

Question 1

Compared to other psychotherapies,all of the following are true about IPT EXCEPT:

A)IPT is focused and time-limited.
B)IPT is aimed at improving current relationships.
C)IPT focuses on early childhood and past relationships.
D)IPT identifies assets and facilitates improved coping.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

For the interpersonal therapist,all psychological disorders:

A)are caused by failures of the past or current social environment.
B)result from social skill deficits.
C)occur within an interpersonal context.
D)are the result of biological vulnerability.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The theory of personality from which interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)is derived:

A)is not well-elaborated compared to older systems of psychotherapy.
B)is,like many therapy systems,less well-elaborated than psychoanalysis,but more detailed than many newer theories of therapy.
C)is a detailed elaboration of Bowlby's attachment theory.
D)is from the same concepts as person-centered therapy.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

In the second phase of IPT,the therapist typically works to address:

A)all the problem areas identified.
B)the one key (or,at most,two)problem areas addressed.
C)social skill deficits,followed by any other remaining problem areas.
D)the need for medication and/or electroconvulsive therapy if the treatment has not shown adequate progress during the initial and intermediate sessions.

Question 5

In IPT,the primary way in which a client's disorder is specifically related to the interpersonal context is by:

A)determining the nature of the client's current interactions with others.
B)clarifying expectations of significant others and whether these are met.
C)identifying the changes the client desires in their relationships.
D)all of the above.

Question 6

When a client presents with clinically significant depressive symptoms,the IPT therapist will typically first:

A)review symptoms,provide a diagnosis to accord the patient the sick role,and evaluate the need for medications.
B)raise awareness of the relationship between the nature and onset of depressive symptoms and the client's interpersonal context.
C)identify one or two of the four problem areas related to the current episode of depression.
D)explain the IPT concepts and work toward development of an explicit treatment contract.

Question 7

According to IPT,the major interpersonal problems that produce psychopathology are:

A)grief,role disputes,role transitions,and social skill deficits.
B)childhood losses and failures of parental nurturance.
C)anxiety over new social roles or role transitions.
D)relationship impasses.

Question 8

According to IPT,role disputes that are at an impasse stage:

A)involve two parties working hard to renegotiate and find a solution.
B)involve a relationship that is most likely damaged beyond repair.
C)involve a lack of awareness on the part of both parties in a relationship.
D)involve a considerable degree of covert hostility and an absence of negotiation.

Question 9

Stressful life changes sometimes underlie the onset or persistence of clinical depression.IPT generally views such changes in terms of:

A)positive or negative social role transitions.
B)role transitions that involve some kind of loss.
C)role disputes.
D)interpersonal deficits that limit necessary social skills.

Question 10

The interpersonal approach to understanding depression includes:

A)psychoanalysis' emphasis on early childhood experience.
B)cognitive-behavioral theory's emphasis on current stressors.
C)both A and B.
D)a novel emphasis on current relationships only.

Question 11

In IPT,persistent patterns of social isolation are most likely the result of:

A)role disputes.
B)negative role transitions.
C)social skills deficits.
D)early childhood losses.

Question 12

For the interpersonal therapist,healthy adult interpersonal relationships:

A)are based on stable personality patterns.
B)are predisposed by healthy early life attachments.
C)would emerge if the self-actualizing potential of individuals was not disrupted by loss.
D)depend on whether or not a person is depressed.

Question 13

Which of the following interpersonal therapies is derived from a psychodynamic heritage?

A)Interpersonal Reconstructive Therapy (IRT)
B)Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT)
C)Gestalt Therapy (GT)
D)Attachment Style Therapy (AST)

Question 14

Recurrent and incompatible expectations in a relationship are viewed by IPT as one source of depressive symptoms and are known as:

A)acute grief reactions.
B)social skill deficits.
C)role disputes.
D)authority problems.

Question 15

IPT posits that clinical depression has its origins in:

A)current interpersonal disappointments or losses.
B)childhood interpersonal processes that limited emotional nurturance and the development of cognitive-behavioral skills to support satisfying relationships.
C)a sense of despair related to social isolation and environmental stressors.
D)a primary disturbance in mood and how one copes with emotions.

Question 16

Reactions to loss and grief are most likely to become the focus of IPT when they are:

A)related to sad mood and acute social withdrawal.
B)delayed,intense,and complicated by significant and unresolved past losses.
C)related to the loss of one's child.
D)go on for more than several months.

Question 17

The central therapeutic goal of IPT is to:

A)analyze and interpret the client's early relationship patterns.
B)improve the client's current interpersonal functioning.
C)understand the context associated with the onset of a disorder.
D)provide the client with a new relationship experience.

Question 18

The fifth interpersonal problem added in interpersonal therapy for adolescents (IPT-A)is:

A)substance-abusing peer culture.
B)authority conflicts with teachers.
C)first-time sexual experiences and relationships.
D)single-parent family relationships.

Question 19

Interpersonal psychotherapy was initially developed as a treatment for:

A)personality disorders.
B)anxiety.
C)interpersonal conflicts.
D)depression.

Question 20

The therapeutic strategies of IPT:

A)always involve direct instruction of social skills.
B)emphasize cathartic processes of change to resolve loss issues.
C)vary depending upon which of the interpersonal problem areas has been targeted for change.
D)always includes adjunctive use of medications.

Question 21

IPT assumes that one of the most effective ways to negotiate role disputes and reduce interpersonal deficits is to:

A)build communication skills.
B)improve emotional intelligence.
C)reduce hostility.
D)improve capacity for intimacy in relationships.

Question 22

In a case of unresolved grief,an IPT therapist might facilitate catharsis by all of the following EXCEPT:

A)focusing on a client's interpersonal deficits.
B)exploring associated positive and negative feelings.
C)relating symptom onset to loss of the significant other.
D)considering possible ways of becoming involved with others.

Question 23

A distinctive feature of IPT when compared to other systems of psychotherapy is:

A)a focus feelings in significant relationships.
B)a warm,empathic and collaborative therapeutic relationship.
C)the explicit use of the psychotherapy relationship itself.
D)strict adherence to a treatment manual.

Question 24

IPT views anxiety and self-esteem as:

A)located primarily between people.
B)irrelevant.
C)located within individuals but originating between people.
D)the by-product of an individual's social skills.

Question 25

IPT recognizes that those life events most likely to precipitate depression and related disorders are those:

A)for which patients have little or no control or responsibility.
B)that are caused primarily by patients.
C)that result from poor social skills.
D)for which patients share responsibility.

Question 26

High expressed emotion (EE)is reliably related to:

A)relationship dissolution.
B)relapse in mood disorders.
C)self-esteem deficits.
D)delayed grief reactions.

Question 27

Following the completion of the cathartic phase of IPT for depression,the therapy will move toward:

A)consciousness-raising about the onset of interpersonal problems and depression.
B)development of improved social skills.
C)understanding the connection between past and current relationship problems.
D)working to change the interpersonal conditions that trigger depression.

Question 28

High expressed emotion (EE)in families involving emotional over-involvement and chronic criticism of a distressed family member is one example of:

A)an impasse.
B)the initial stages of renegotiation.
C)communication deficits.
D)social skills deficits.

Question 29

In TA theory,stroking:

A)represents important responses to basic biogenetic needs.
B)is critical to the fulfillment of key psychological drives.
C)for children comes in the form of recognition.
D)is regarded as a maladaptive response to adult needs.

Question 30

The adult ego state:

A)is essentially an extension of the parent ego state that is carried over from childhood.
B)is the rule maker and repository of traditions and values.
C)is best suited for negotiating new and ambiguous situations.
D)emerges gradually through interactions with the environment.

Question 31

In IPT,the therapeutic relationship is best conceptualized as:

A)a manifestation of transference.
B)a way to provide unconditional acceptance and support.
C)warm,empathic,and goal-directed.
D)as the basis for insight and change.

Question 32

For the TA therapist,the human personality is fundamentally:

A)determined by the quality of past and current interpersonal relationships.
B)structured into three distinct ego states.
C)a theoretical construct that has no real meaning.
D)a reflection of one's life position.

Question 33

TA views each ego state as:

A)primarily dependent upon the first or child ego state.
B)in chronic conflict across situations.
C)adaptive when active in the appropriate situation.
D)the primary sources of motivation.

Question 34

One important way that transactional analysis differs from IPT is that TA:

A)makes liberal use of interactions between therapist and client in therapy.
B)is more likely to involve psychoeducation.
C)is clearly limited to 12-to-16 sessions.
D)rejects the use of medication.

Question 35

In ambiguous or novel situations,the ego state best suited for decision-making is:

A)the child.
B)the parent.
C)the adult.
D)either the child or the adult depending on the situation.

Question 36

For the TA therapist,the mature personality is one that:

A)makes use of the adult ego state over the child or parent ego states.
B)emphasizes the child and adult ego states.
C)uses the parent ego state when confronted by life decisions.
D)flexibly switches from one ego state to another depending on the situation.

Question 37

IPT views medication for the treatment of psychological disorders like depression as:

A)a necessity for the IPT process to be optimally beneficial.
B)contrary to the tenets and goals of IPT which is to change interpersonal functioning.
C)a useful adjunct to therapy when indicated.
D)only necessary in cases of severe depression.

Question 38

In TA,motivation in human personality comes from:

A)biological and psychological drives.
B)the child ego state which is creative and lively.
C)each of the ego states depending upon the situation.
D)strokes provided by significant others.

Question 39

Janine is performing the safest form of transaction.She is most likely engaging in:

A)an informal greeting with someone else.
B)a work activity at her job of 11 years.
C)a weekend workshop.
D)dinner with her parents.

Question 40

The interpersonal in IPT refers to:

A)the interpersonal relationship in psychotherapy.
B)the interpersonal origins of depression or other disorders.
C)the treatment of two clients in a relationship.
D)early childhood relationship patterns.

Question 41

In transactional analysis,a second-order structural analysis examines:

A)how two people interact with each other.
B)a patient's characteristic ego state.
C)how ego state interactions play out in relationship conflicts.
D)the exchange of strokes in a transaction.

Question 42

The purpose of a structural analysis is to:

A)reduce the impact of the Child ego state on current functioning.
B)identify an individual's life position.
C)increase to full awareness previously excluded ego states.
D)eliminate self-destructive games.

Question 43

When analyzing games clients play,a TA therapist:

A)focuses on a client's primary problem area of role transitions.
B)makes interpretations about past relationship confusions.
C)allies with the client's parent ego state.
D)interprets the payoffs of the games and how they reinforce a client's life position.

Question 44

The preferred mode of therapy in TA is:

A)weekly individual sessions.
B)lengthy single therapy sessions to maximize impact.
C)weekly two-hour group therapy sessions.
D)single family or couples therapy sessions to evoke blocked ego states.

Question 45

___________ is a highly stylized interchange.

A)A game
B)Intimacy
C)A pastime
D)A ritual

Question 46

The therapeutic relationship in TA typically:

A)relates to a client from the parent level.
B)makes genuine use of each ego state depending on client needs.
C)relates to a client on an adult-to-adult level as exclusively as possible.
D)makes use of the child ego state when the client is relating on the child level.

Question 47

__________ is a complex series of ulterior transactions that progress to a psychological payoff.

A)A game
B)Intimacy
C)A pastime
D)A ritual

Question 48

In TA,a transaction is defined as:

A)any interaction between two adult ego states.
B)interactions between individuals and their physical environment.
C)an exchange of strokes with others.
D)interactions between different ego states.

Question 49

A recent randomized effectiveness trial of IPT for depressed adolescents (called IPT-A)showed that:

A)adolescents treated in school-based clinics had inferior outcomes to those treated in hospital settings.
B)IPT was about as good as treatment as usual.
C)IPT was superior to treatment as usual.
D)adolescents treated with CBT had better outcomes than those treated with IPT and treatment as usual.

Question 50

Research on the efficacy of transactional analysis suggests all of the following EXCEPT that it:

A)has been sufficiently evaluated with adults and children.
B)is comparable to other forms of insight-oriented psychotherapy.
C)is consistently more effective than no treatment.
D)is usually more effective than placebo treatment.

Question 51

Games people play are:

A)phony interactions between adult ego states.
B)exchanges between child ego states.
C)transactions between child and parent ego states.
D)a complex series of ulterior transactions.

Question 52

In order to hook a patient,the therapist must be able to relate in which of the following ways?

A)Adult to adult
B)Adult to parent
C)Child to child
D)Parent to child

Question 53

Research on the efficacy of Interpersonal Therapy (IPT)in treating clinical depression suggests all of the following EXCEPT that it:

A)has been thoroughly evaluated.
B)is comparable to short-term psychodynamic therapy.
C)outperforms no treatment and placebo treatment.
D)shows superior performance in the acute and maintenance stages of treatment.

Question 54

Secondary analyses of data from the NIMH Collaborative Study that split the sample into subgroups based on severity of depression at study entry revealed that:

A)IPT and CBT were superior to medication treatment for less severely disturbed patients.
B)IPT and CBT were inferior to medication treatment for more severely disturbed patients.
C)medication and IPT were superior to CBT for more severely disturbed patients.
D)CBT was superior to IPT and medication for less severely disturbed patients.

Question 55

A meta-analysis (Cuijpers et al.,2011)examining interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)for depression yielded an overall effect size that was:

A)small.
B)medium.
C)large.
D)very large.

Question 56

Taken together,a variety of outcome studies have supported which of the following conclusions about the effectiveness of IPT?

A)IPT tends to be more effective for the treatment of depression in adults than psychodynamic therapies,but much less effective than cognitive-behavioral therapies.
B)IPT is more effective than other therapies for the treatment of every clinical problem that has been studied to date.
C)IPT is effective in treating clinical depression in adolescents and adults,but has been found to have negative effects when applied to the elderly.
D)IPT uniformly outperforms waitlist and control therapy groups for the treatment of clinical depression across the lifespan,but more mixed findings have been reported when applied to those with eating and substance abuse disorders.

Question 57

According to transactional analysis,the therapeutic relationship is part of:

A)both the content and the process of therapy.
B)neither the content nor the process of therapy.
C)the content of therapy but not the process of therapy.
D)the process of therapy,but not the content of therapy.

Question 58

Interestingly,when IPT has been compared to cognitive or behavioral therapies for the treatment of eating disorders,researchers found that:

A)IPT was a bit slower to produce symptom reductions,but IPT produced better outcomes on long-term follow-up compared to behavior therapy.
B)cognitive and behavioral therapies are typically more effective in achieving and maintaining symptom reduction.
C)each therapy was equally effective over the short and long-term.
D)while IPT did not produce short-term improvements,only IPT produced sustained long-term results.

Question 59

Because of his beliefs,Angelo is the most difficult type of client to treat.He is most likely to have which of the following life positions?

A)"I'm OK - you're OK"
B)"I'm not OK - you're OK"
C)"I'm OK - you're not OK"
D)"I'm not OK - you're not OK"

Question 60

Games people play serve to:

A)reaffirm the life position chosen by a person early in life.
B)perpetuate an unhealthy life position.
C)block the life position of "I'm OK - you're OK."
D)provoke others to adopt an "I'm OK - you're not OK" life position.

Question 61

Among depressed older adults (60+)receiving interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)and medication treatment,the most common problem area was:

A)loss and grief.
B)role disputes.
C)interpersonal deficits.
D)role transitions.

Question 62

Meta-analyses document that interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)for bulimia nervosa and binge eating is:

A)effective in the short term,but much less so on longer term follow-up.
B)less effective than cognitive or behavior therapies.
C)as effective as other treatments,and more effective than behavior therapy in the long-term.
D)as effective as other treatments,and more effective than cognitive therapy in the long-term.

Question 63

Compared to alternative established therapies for treating depression,interpersonal therapy (IPT)is:

A)equally or slightly more effective.
B)equally or slightly less effective.
C)slightly less effective.
D)slightly more effective.

Question 64

The IPT label is most likely the target of criticism by which system of psychotherapy?

A)Cognitive-behavioral therapy
B)Humanistic therapy
C)Psychoanalysis
D)Contextual therapies

Question 65

That IPT fails to go far enough in its focus on roles and relationships is a criticism most likely levied by:

A)behaviorial therapy.
B)contextual therapy.
C)humanistic therapy.
D)integrative therapy.

Question 66

That Transactional analysis threatens to divide us into a tripartite personality that can never know the beauty of being whole is a criticism most likely to be leveled by:

A)behaviorial therapy.
B)contextual therapy.
C)humanistic therapy.
D)psychoanalysis.

Question 67

Among depressed older adults (60+)receiving interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)and medication treatment,what percentage of patients showed a full response to combined treatment?

A)23%
B)55%
C)81%
D)94%

Question 68

The problem with the language and theory of transactional analysis is that they are too common and too cognitive,too free from the emotion and the passion that make existence exciting. This criticism of TA would be leveled by ________ therapy.

A)behavioral
B)contextual
C)cognitive
D)integrative

Question 69

Meta-analyses of interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)have generally shown that combination treatment (medications and psychotherapy)for severe depression:

A)is less effective than either alone.
B)is more effective than either alone.
C)produces a quicker response,but does not delay relapse better than either alone.
D)is equally effective as either alone.