Deck 20: The Progressive Era, 1890-1920

Question 1

Middle-class women reformers were a driving force behind the temperance movement.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Woodrow Wilson earned one of the nation's first doctoral degrees and tried to use his intellect to help make up for lack of experience.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Federal money for farm demonstration agents was approved in the Adamson Act.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Lincoln Steffens was a leading muckraker and sought to make democracy more democratic.

Question 5

Progressives generally believed government should not interfere with big business.

Question 6

How was the foundation of the progressive movement different than that of the Populist movement?

A)The progressive movement was based on addressing rural issues.
B)The Populist movement was based on addressing issues that farmers had with Congress.
C)The progressive's goal was to reform the political system so that minorities would be represented.
D)The progressive movement was based on addressing issues that occurred in urban areas.
E)The Populist movement desired to replace capitalism with socialism.

Question 7

Which of the following was a goal shared by most Populists?

A)The end of "direct elections" and a return to the election of U.S.senators by state legislatures alone
B)The destruction of capitalism as an economic system in America rather than the reform of it
C)Political reforms meant to give the "people" more power and that were often implemented by progressives
D)The promotion of "special interests" and the passing of legislation that favored business leaders
E)The end of government support for farms and a shift in focus away from the agricultural sector of the economy

Question 8

William H.Taft achieved the most significant tariff reduction of any progressive president.

Question 9

Whereas Theodore Roosevelt's New Nationalism plan wanted to eliminate trusts, Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom plan wanted to regulate them.

Question 10

The popular election of senators required a constitutional amendment.

Question 11

Which of the following would have been considered the average, most common progressive activists during the Progressive period?

A)Christian moralists
B)Bankers
C)Rural Southern farmers
D)Agnostics
E)Blacks

Question 12

The belief that religious institutions and individual Christians had an obligation to bring about the "Kingdom of God" on earth is known as socialism.

Question 13

The Underwood-Simmons bill created the first regular federal income tax.

Question 14

Many of the most prominent progressives endorsed Roosevelt's bid to be the first president representing a third party, the "Bull Moose" Progressive party.

Question 15

Socialism was a radical wing of progressivism.

Question 16

Wilson was a weak president who trusted Congress to adopt the proper policies.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the state of the American economy in 1900 is accurate?

A)Compared with other industrialized nations, the United States had some of the highest concentrations of poverty.
B)Compared with the rest of the world, the United States had a low per capita income.
C)Employment levels in the United States were at an all-time high.
D)Corporate barons took the lead in improving living conditions for the poor and growing the economy.
E)The economy was booming because of industrialization efforts and the growth of rural areas.

Question 18

The groups behind the YWCA and YMCA created their programs because they believed that Christianity had gotten too far from the lower economic classes.

Question 19

Industrial management, also known as Taylorism, was applied to the operations of the government.

Question 20

According to the textbook, what, more than any other factor, ignited the progressive movement?

A)The collapse of the B & O Railroad
B)The worst economic downturn in U.S.history
C)The gap between rich and poor growing wider
D)The lack of opportunities for unskilled laborers
E)The lack of representation in Congress for minorities

Question 21

Need for reforming the workplace was brought to national attention in 1911 when a fire broke out at

A)the Union Carbide refinery.
B)the Triangle Shirtwaist factory.
C)McCall's magazine publisher.
D)the U.S.Capitol.
E)U.S.Steel manufacturing.

Question 22

Frederick Winslow Taylor and the gospel of efficiency are best associated with which concept?

A)Scientific management
B)Social Darwinism
C)Tariff reform
D)Temperance
E)Social gospel

Question 23

Individuals labeled Mugwumps were best associated with which concept?

A)Honest government
B)Social Darwinism
C)Laissez-faire capitalism
D)Communism
E)Yellow journalism

Question 24

Which of the following statements correctly describes the women's club movement during the Progressive Era?

A)It concentrated on cultural activities.
B)It excluded black women.
C)It was reserved for upper class women.
D)It often engaged in progressive reform activities.
E)It actively sought full legal equality with men.

Question 25

The leaders of the Settlement House movement

A)directed their attention to the problems of living in cities for the working poor and immigrant communities.
B)often expressed moral disapproval of the behavior of immigrants and favored well-off families when choosing tenants.
C)spoke against the social gospel movement and initially focused only on political rather than social reform.
D)tended to consist of second-generation lower class immigrants helping first generation lower class immigrants.
E)encouraged people in the cities to move to the rural areas by providing lodging there.

Question 26

A system of governance in which a trained administrator was appointed to run a city was called the

A)mayoral plan.
B)viceroy plan.
C)city-manager plan.
D)Wisconsin idea.
E)commission system.

Question 27

This belief during the Progressive Era persuaded followers to pursue their ideals to bring about the coming of the "Kingdom of God."

A)Social Darwinism
B)Social capitalism
C)Social gospel
D)Social security
E)Social engineering

Question 28

The first monopoly broken up by President Theodore Roosevelt was

A)U.S.Steel.
B)Northern Securities Company.
C)IGN Railroad.
D)American Oil Corporation.
E)General Electric.

Question 29

The area of the country that first gave full voting rights to women was in the

A)East.
B)West.
C)South.
D)North.
E)Southeast.

Question 30

The initiative and the referendum were reforms designed to weaken the power of the

A)the federal government.
B)unions.
C)state governors.
D)political elites.
E)labor laws.

Question 31

The biggest problem progressivism faced during the Progressive Era was the

A)stance of Congress.
B)stance of the state legislatures.
C)regulation of big business.
D)reluctance of the president.
E)disapproval of the Supreme Court.

Question 32

The first "progressive" president was

A)William McKinley.
B)Theodore Roosevelt.
C)William Howard Taft.
D)Woodrow Wilson.
E)Warren G.Harding.

Question 33

Who is best associated with the Hull House?

A)Jane Addams
B)Ida Tarbell
C)Upton Sinclair
D)Frances Willard
E)Angela Sims

Question 34

The group of journalists who drew attention to the abuses in society and published them in stories were known collectively as

A)Mugwumps.
B)Locofocos.
C)Muckrakers.
D)Shivercrats.
E)Dixiecrats.

Question 35

The Sixteenth Amendment to the Constitution provided for

A)direct election of senators.
B)universal suffrage for women.
C)an income tax.
D)prohibition.
E)abolishment of slavery.

Question 36

President Theodore Roosevelt accomplished the majority of his progressive agenda by

A)convincing Congress to pass legislation.
B)working with Congress to compromise on legislation.
C)taking executive actions.
D)organizing state initiatives.
E)leading a popular speaking tour.

Question 37

Why was the 1902 coal strike significant?

A)Roosevelt intervened personally to break the strike.
B)There was no union participation in the strike.
C)The owners of the mines immediately agreed to meet workers' demands.
D)The military took control of the mines for the year after the strike.
E)At the end of the strike, workers had worse hours than leading into the strike.

Question 38

Roosevelt's "Square Deal" featured

A)a plan that emphasized the intention of benefitting both rich and poor.
B)a plan that ignored the conservation of natural resources.
C)less government involvement in overseeing the actions of corporations.
D)policies that stressed a strict rather than loose interpretation of the Constitution.
E)the repeal of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.

Question 39

After a hurricane destroyed Galveston, Texas, a new method of government was implemented there.It gave a small board both executive and legislative powers in governing the city.What was this new method called?

A)The commission system
B)The spoils system
C)The viceroy plan
D)The city-manager plan
E)The Ohio system

Question 40

One way that American socialists differed from European socialists was that

A)European socialists tended to incite riots.
B)American socialists tended not to advocate for government ownership of businesses.
C)European socialists published their beliefs in the form of paperback books.
D)American socialists created political parties aimed at overthrowing the government.
E)European socialists were strongly against the ideas of Karl Marx.

Question 41

Why did progressivism eventually fade around 1916?

A)The conflicts of the Great War rose to the forefront of American concerns, surpassing domestic issues.
B)Progressivism had accomplished all of its major goals, such as measures addressing child labor.
C)Progressivism had led to the widespread implementation of traditional laissez-faire economics that decreased the role of the government.
D)The principle that federal, state, and local governments had the responsibility of protecting Americans from corrupt politicians had not yet been established.
E)Progressivism had reached its peak during Roosevelt's presidency, and in the years that followed, people were far more worried about the economy.

Question 42

Whereas President Theodore Roosevelt saw himself as a __________, President Taft saw himself as a(n) __________.

A)leader uninfluenced by the idea of white superiority; president prone to prejudice
B)traditional and cautious thinker; champion of reform and innovation
C)crusader of reform; judge-like administrator
D)capitalist; socialist
E)candidate of the people; candidate of big business

Question 43

Which of the following did Roosevelt accomplish during his Presidency?

A)He set aside millions of acres of federal land for conservation purposes.
B)He created 11 new big businesses.
C)He ardently advocated the right of women to vote.
D)He established racial equality.
E)He made it illegal to possess alcohol.

Question 44

Write an essay discussing the expanding role of the federal government during the Progressive Era.In what ways was the power of the government expanding? Why was that power being expanded?

Question 45

Part of Wilson's anti-trust program was the

A)abolishment of the Interstate Commerce Commission.
B)creation of the Bureau of Corporations.
C)creation of the Federal Trade Commission.
D)abolishment of the Railroad Commission.
E)reenactment of the Bank of the United States.

Question 46

Which of the following lowered tariff rates for the first time since the Civil War?

A)Hart-Smoot Act
B)Dingley Tariff
C)Underwood-Simmons Tariff
D)Mongrel Tariff
E)Federal Reserve Act

Question 47

President Wilson argued that women's suffrage

A)should be enacted by federal legislation.
B)should be left to the states.
C)should be enacted by constitutional amendment.
D)should not be allowed.
E)was not an important issue.

Question 48

Because of the Roosevelt-Taft feud, Theodore Roosevelt decided to

A)fill his cabinet with corporate lawyers.
B)break a pledge he had made to not seek another term in office.
C)open millions of acres of federal lands to commercial interests.
D)support Woodrow Wilson for president in 1912.
E)refuse to return to the United States while Taft was still president.

Question 49

Which of the following statements best describes President Wilson?

A)He found it hard to understand and work with people who did not agree with him.
B)He was more interested in being loved than being right.
C)He saw the presidency as a balance between Congress and the Supreme Court.
D)He was the first imperial president.
E)He did not believe the Constitution constrained his powers as president.

Question 50

Which political party ran as a third party in the 1912 election?

A)Libertarian
B)Independent
C)Socialist
D)Reform
E)American

Question 51

Which of the following statements about the Democrats in the election of 1904 is accurate?

A)They gained control of the Senate.
B)They experienced their best comeback in 12 years.
C)They won the Presidency.
D)They suffered their worst defeat in 32 years.
E)They gained control of the House of Representatives.

Question 52

In 1914, what did Wilson do to anger progressives?

A)He allowed trusts to be reformed.
B)He announced that his New Freedom plan was complete.
C)He backtracked on tariff reform.
D)He abolished segregation.
E)He enacted immigration restrictions.

Question 53

What incident set off the Taft-Roosevelt feud?

A)The breakup of Standard Oil
B)The loss of the Lusitania and Taft's refusal to declare war on Germany
C)The Ballinger-Pinchot controversy
D)The abolishment of slavery
E)Roosevelt's refusal to follow the two-term tradition

Question 54

Which of the following statements regarding Woodrow Wilson's "New Freedom" and Roosevelt's "New Nationalism" is accurate?

A)Wilson wanted to regulate trusts.
B)Roosevelt was opposed to government regulation of corporations.
C)Roosevelt rejected economic concentration with government regulation.
D)Wilson believed economic concentrations were unjust and should be destroyed.
E)Neither Roosevelt's program nor Wilson's program was considered to be progressive.

Question 55

Woodrow Wilson won the presidency in 1912 because

A)he had already had a very long and successful political career.
B)Taft and Roosevelt split the Republican vote.
C)the voters knew Wilson would not take them to war in Europe.
D)the people were tired of Republican presidents.
E)he ran a better campaign than his opponents.

Question 56

What book brought to light the abuses in the U.S.meatpacking industry in the early twentieth century?

A)Ida Tarbell's The Octopus
B)Jane Weaver's For Whom the Bell Tolls
C)Upton Sinclair's The Jungle
D)Henry Adams' Not Here
E)Elizabeth Cady Stanton's Through My Eyes

Question 57

Describe the origin of the progressive movement.What were the motives of the progressives, and what were some of the specific reforms they pursued?

Question 58

Wilson's definition of progressivism applied to __________ only.

A)the white
B)the rich
C)the poor
D)immigrants
E)native-born Americans

Question 59

What reason did Wilson give for proposing tariff reform?

A)To force American companies to compete with cheaper foreign goods
B)To combat misuse of the tariff by corporations
C)To pressure Germany to lower their hostility toward England
D)To smooth the way for the passage of the income tax
E)To protect the interests of U.S.corporations

Question 60

Which of the following statements about the African American cause during the Progressive Era is accurate?

A)Booker T.Washington's meeting with Roosevelt led to a major improvement in the way the criminal justice system treated African Americans.
B)Government agencies were one of the few institutions that had been successfully desegregated.
C)Wilson proclaimed that he had succeeded in the major goals of progressivism after just two years in office but largely ignored African American causes.
D)African American women were the leaders of many suffrage organizations, which became safe havens from racial prejudice.
E)Roosevelt and Taft were known for their progressivism when it came to civil rights for African Americans, especially in decreasing the violence they faced.

Question 61

Write an essay exploring the "efficiency movement" and how it both impacted industry and politics.

Question 62

Describe the relationship between Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft.Show how the two men eventually found themselves running against each other for president.

Question 63

Write an essay discussing the political changes wrought by the progressive movement.

Question 64

In what ways was the election of 1912 significant?

Question 65

Analyze the changes in business caused by the progressives.

Question 66

What changes did progressivism bring to America? How was America different in 1920 from what it had been in 1900 because of progressivism?

Question 67

Discuss the issue of conservation and what specific presidents during the Progressive Era did to promote this important issue.

Question 68

Analyze the issue of race during the progressive era.

Question 69

In what ways could the progressive movement be considered paradoxical?

Question 70

Compare and contrast Roosevelt's New Nationalism and Wilson's New Freedom.In what ways were they similar? In what ways were they different? How might one account for those differences?