Deck 30: Seedless Plants

Question 1

Which of the following represents a monophyletic group?

A)mosses, liverworts, and hornworts
B)ferns and club mosses
C)ferns, whisk ferns, and horsetails
D)liverworts and hornworts

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Plants have a ______ life cycle in which the haploid and diploid stages are multicellular.

Answer 2

haplodiplontic

Question 3

The colorless rootlike projections of mosses, liverworts, and hornworts, which anchor them to the substrate are called

A)rhizoids.
B)tap roots.
C)fibrous roots.
D)specialized roots.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Why is a rhizoid not considered a true root?

A)Rhizoids lack the capacity to anchor mosses into the substrate.
B)Rhizoids are not capable of absorbing water.
C)True roots have mycorrhizal fungi.
D)Rhizoids lack xylem tissue.

Question 5

Hepaticophytes lack stomata and tracheids.What would provide evidence to justify their inclusion in the Bryophytes and not the Charophytes?

A)Cellulose in their cell walls
B)Genes for ABA signalling
C)The use of chlorophyll
D)A haplodiplontic lifecycle

Question 6

The dominant stage in the life cycle of tracheophyte plants is the

A)epiphyte generation.
B)sporophyte generation.
C)spore generation.
D)gametophyte generation.

Question 7

Survival on land for organisms is difficult because of the problem of

A)desiccation.
B)pollination.
C)syngamy.
D)spore germination.

Question 8

A waxy cuticle prevents desiccation.What is the cost of this adaptation?

A)Lowered light absorption
B)Reduced gas permeability
C)Slower H₂O transport
D)Increased exposure to damaging UV radiation

Question 9

Bryophytes, like ferns and certain other tracheophyte plants, require

A)air to reproduce sexually.
B)water to reproduce sexually.
C)soil to reproduce sexually.
D)shade to reproduce sexually.

Question 10

In all seed plants, male and female ___________ develop within the parent sporophyte and are completely dependent on it for nutrition and water.

Question 11

The aquatic ancestry of bryophytes is most clearly demonstrated by what character?

A)the use of flagellated motile sperm
B)mycorrhizal associations with fungi
C)a nutritionally dependent sporophyte
D)the production of a sporangium

Question 12

Which plants are characterized by a conducting system, the possession of cuticles, specialized stems, and roots, stomata, and, in many species, seeds?

A)liverworts
B)mosses
C)tracheophyte
D)horsetails

Question 13

Azolla filiculoides is a small aquatic fern that is typically 1-2 cm tall.How would a botanist distinguish it from a bryophyte?

A)It produces seeds.
B)It has xylem tissue.
C)It has a gametophyte.
D)It has chloroplasts.

Question 14

In plants, the sporophyte generation produces _______ as a result of meiosis.

Question 15

Plants and their predecessors, green algae, do not share the property of

A)containing chlorophylls a and b, and carotenoids.
B)containing cellulose-rich cell walls.
C)containing a system of roots and stems.
D)containing starch as the primary food storage product.

Question 16

The development of tracheids helped land plants to

A)resist desiccation.
B)protect the genome from UV exposure.
C)grow to very large sizes.
D)absorb H₂O from stems and leaves.

Question 17

Cooksonia is a genus of very early tracheophyte plants.Unlike modern tracheophytes they only grew to a few centimeters in height.What feature provides the best explanation for their diminutive size?

A)They completely lacked vascular tissues.
B)They did not have stomata.
C)They consisted of only photosynthetic stems, not roots or leaves.
D)Cooksonia species were not autotrophic.

Question 18

In which of these groups does it appear that the cuticle evolved?

A)Streptophytes
B)Bryophytes
C)Algae
D)Land plants

Question 19

What is a 15 meter tall tree fern?

A)a gametophyte
B)haploid
C)produced by meiosis
D)a sporophyte

Question 20

Why are most bryophytes less than 10 cm tall?

A)They have underdeveloped stomata.
B)They are seedless.
C)They lack a cuticle.
D)The have conducting cells instead of tracheids.

Question 21

The most abundant group of seedless tracheophyte plants are the

A)club mosses.
B)horse tails.
C)angiosperms.
D)ferns.

Question 22

Which one of the following statements about a typical fern life cycle is false?

A)Sori contain sporangia.
B)Spores are haploid.
C)Gametophytes have rhizomes.
D)Gametes are produced by mitosis.

Question 23

Plants as well as brown, green, and red algae show a basic life cycle which involves the alternation of generations between a(n)

A)spore and pollen.
B)megaspore and a microspore.
C)seed and a cone.
D)sporophyte and a gametophyte.

Question 24

All of the following statements about ferns are correct except

A)ferns flourish in many habitats, but the majority are located in the tropics.
B)the sporophyte is a conspicuous generation.
C)the gametophyte is a conspicuous generation.
D)ferns have underground stems called rhizomes.

Question 25

Which one of the following traits would be found in a typical fern but not a moss?

A)homospory
B)tracheids
C)gametophytes with rhizoids
D)antheridia

Question 26

How do lycophytes differ from bryophytes?

A)Lycophytes have tracheids.
B)Lycophytes produce seeds.
C)Lycophytes use flowers for reproduction.
D)The dominant stage in a lycophyte is the gametophyte.

Question 27

Which of the following groups is most closely related to the tracheophytes?

A)Bryophytes
B)Charophytes
C)Rhodophytes
D)Chlorophytes

Question 28

In tracheophyte plants, water and dissolved minerals are conducted away from roots by

A)water vessels.
B)stomata.
C)phloem tubes.
D)xylem tubes.

Question 29

Which one of the following statements about haplodiplontic life cycles is false?

A)For each gene, cells of the gametophyte stage have a single allele.
B)Spore mother cells produce haploid spores by meiosis.
C)The gametophyte stage produces gametes by mitosis.
D)The zygote is the only diploid cell in the sporophyte stage.

Question 30

Which one of the following structures in the moss life cycle is not haploid?

A)germinating spore
B)antheridium
C)sperm
D)spore mother cell

Question 31

Which of the following features are common to both moss leaves and true leaves?

A)vascular strands
B)chlorophyll a and b
C)all the cells are haploid
D)except at the midrib only one cell thick

Question 32

To reproduce sexually, bryophytes require

A)heterospory.
B)free water external to the plant.
C)high temperatures.
D)solar energy.

Question 33

A bryologist (a scientist that studies mosses, and their allies) gives a lecture to your biology class.In her lecture, she makes a reference to fern reproduction.She says, "Fern spores germinate into ____."

A)gametophytes, which are often heart-shaped and have rhizoids that anchor the fern to the substrate
B)gametophytes, which are often heart-shaped and have roots that anchor the fern to the substrate
C)sporophytes, which are often heart-shaped and have rhizoids that anchor the fern to the substrate
D)sporophytes, which are often heart-shaped and have roots that anchor the fern to the substrate

Question 34

For which of the following organisms is the sporophyte stage the dominant stage in the life cycle?

A)charophyte
B)fern
C)green alga Chlamydomonas
D)moss

Question 35

The gametophyte is green and nutritionally independent in

A)mosses, liverworts, and ferns.
B)angiosperms.
C)gymnosperms.
D)tracheophytes.

Question 36

Among the bryophytes, which of the following contain distinct stemlike axis, small leaves, and rootlike rhizoids?

A)liverworts
B)hornworts
C)mosses
D)algae

Question 37

Hornworts differ from mosses and liverworts in containing

A)small leaves.
B)sporophytes.
C)photosynthetic sporophytes.
D)gametophytes.