Deck 11: Middle Childhood: Physical Development

Question 1

Lewis's doctor stated that he is at a high risk of developing asthma. Given this information, it is most likely that he:

A)leads a very sedentary life.
B)does not get adequate sleep.
C)has difficulty in understanding spoken language.
D)has a family history of asthma.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder?

A)It is caused by the overexposure to food preservatives.
B)It occurs by age seven and is many times more common in boys than girls.
C)It is characterized by letter reversal, mirror reading, and reduced comprehension.
D)It is most widely treated by using suppressants.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Overweight children excel in sports and are considered attractive in adolescence.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Childhood asthma is more prevalent in developed nations than in undeveloped nations.

Question 5

In middle childhood, girls show greater forearm strength than boys.

Question 6

Which of the following is a symptom of asthma?

A)Spasms in the lungs
B)Inability to sit still
C)Difficulty reading and writing
D)High blood pressure and high cholesterol

Question 7

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is a disorder characterized by excessive inattention, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity.

Question 8

Aerobic exercise is known to increase the risk of diabetes, and certain forms of cancer.

Question 9

Activities like skipping, hopping, and jumping require the performance of fine motor skills.

Question 10

__________is an allergy-type respiratory disorder characterized by spasms in the lungs, breathing difficulties, wheezing, and often coughing (dry hacking).

A)Asthma
B)Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
C)Dyslexia
D)Phenylketonuria

Question 11

Using a paintbrush to paint pictures requires the use of:

A)gross motor skills.
B)systemic motor skills.
C)autonomic motor skills.
D)fine motor skills.

Question 12

Which of the following characteristics of children is most likely to decrease during middle childhood years?

A)Weight
B)Height
C)Reaction time
D)Muscle strength

Question 13

Learning disorders are characterized by:

A)inadequate development of specific academic skills.
B)social deficits and stereotyped behavior.
C)abnormal functioning and loss of previously acquired skills.
D)excessive inattention, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity.

Question 14

Growth spurt is the period during which growth advances at a dramatically rapid rate compared with other periods.

Question 15

John and Jean work as typists in an office. John can type faster than Jean when someone dictates the matter to be typed. This is because John responds faster to auditory stimuli than Jean does. This illustrates the difference in John's and Jean's:

A)gross motor skills.
B)reaction time.
C)objective morality.
D)moral reasoning ability.

Question 16

Dyslexia is a reading disorder characterized by letter reversals, mirror reading, slow reading, and reduced comprehension.

Question 17

Juda has been diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). He has an extremely short attention span and cannot focus at school. Which of the following treatments can be used to improve Juda's attention and conduct?

A)A stimulant
B)A depressant
C)A hallucinogen
D)A tranquillant

Question 18

_____ primarily requires fine motor skills.

A)Holding a pencil
B)Swimming across a pool
C)Climbing stairs
D)Balancing on a bicycle

Question 19

Reaction time tends to increase through middle childhood and adolescence.

Question 20

Girl children are at a higher risk for asthma than boys.

Question 21

Clara has attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Her doctor is most likely to prescribe__________for treating the disorder.

A)Psilocybin
B)Citalopram
C)Escitalopram
D)Ritalin

Question 22

Bronchodilators can be used to treat _____.

A)Down's syndrome
B)hepatitis
C)asthma
D)Klinefelter syndrome

Question 23

Dexter is a seven-year-old who often gets into fights with his classmates. He does not listen to his teachers and refuses to sit still for extended periods of time. Both his teachers and his parents find it difficult to make him concentrate on one topic for a long period of time. In this scenario, Dexter is most likely suffering from _____.

A)autism
B)dyslexia
C)Asperger's disorder
D)attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Question 24

A child is most likely to benefit from stimulants such as Ritalin if:

A)he or she is overweight.
B)he or she has Down's syndrome.
C)he or she has a short attention span.
D)he or she suffers from asthma.

Question 25

Which of the following statements is true of children who are obese?

A)They are more likely to have low blood pressure and low cholesterol.
B)They are less likely to have diabetes.
C)They are more likely to have breathing problems and asthma.
D)They are less likely to be rejected by peers.

Question 26

__________requires the performance of fine motor skills.

A)Balancing on a bicycle
B)Hitting a tennis ball
C)Coordinating a knife and fork
D)Pedaling a bicycle

Question 27

Mark is a six-year-old boy who cannot distinguish between the sounds of "b," "d," and "p." He faces problems at school as it creates confusion and impairs reading ability. In this scenario, Mark has problems with _____.

A)analytical reasoning
B)phonological processing
C)deductive reasoning
D)numerical cognition

Question 28

Kurt is a 10-year-old boy. He gets poor grades at school because he cannot differentiate between different words and letters, especially while speaking. In this scenario, Kurt most likely has problems in the _____.

A)angular gyrus
B)cerebellum
C)limbic lobe
D)hypothalamus

Question 29

David, a 13-year-old boy, often feels a tightness in his chest that makes it very difficult for him to breathe. This also stops him from participating in sports activities like running and swimming. David is most likely suffering from _____.

A)asthma
B)autism
C)attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
D)dyslexia

Question 30

Dennis, a 12-year-old boy, often goes out of breath while doing simple tasks such as climbing the stairs. He has difficulty talking and starts wheezing when asked to do so for long periods of time. Dennis often has difficulty sleeping because he starts wheezing whenever he lies down. Daryl is most likely suffering from _____.

A)asthma
B)autism
C)attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
D)dyslexia

Question 31

Samuel, a 14-year old, suffers from dyslexia. He goes to a regular school, but has a special seat that makes it easier for him to listen to his teachers and discuss his queries with them. This scenario illustrates the process of _____.

A)bonding
B)mainstreaming
C)encoding
D)seriation

Question 32

__________is a stimulant used in the treatment for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

A)Epinephrine
B)Rhodopsin
C)Melanin
D)Ritalin

Question 33

Which of the following is an accommodation strategy for disabled children?

A)Conservation
B)Seriation
C)Assimilating
D)Mainstreaming

Question 34

Which of the following activities requires gross motor skills?

A)Climbing stairs
B)Using chopsticks
C)Tying shoelaces
D)Coordinating a knife and fork

Question 35

Which of the following is the brain chemical that promotes the brain's control over more primitive functions?

A)Epinephrine
B)Dopamine
C)Oxytocin
D)Rhodopsin

Question 36

A child is most likely to be overweight if:

A)he or she sleeps for eight hours a day.
B)he or she eats a lot of food that has high sugar content.
C)he or she suffers from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
D)he or she only participates in sports such as baseball and football.

Question 37

Which of the following physiological changes occurs during middle childhood years?

A)Increase in reaction time
B)Weakening of muscles
C)Less myelinated neural pathways
D)Refined sensorimotor abilities

Question 38

Which of the following statements suggests that dyslexia has a genetic component to it?

A)Dyslexia affects anywhere from 5% to 17.5% of American children.
B)Dyslexic children may not discriminate sounds as accurately as other children do.
C)Most studies show that dyslexia is much more common in boys than in girls.
D)25% to 65% of children who have one dyslexic parent are dyslexic themselves.

Question 39

Which of the following activities primarily involves a fine motor skill?

A)Jumping up and down
B)Walking on the street
C)Eating with chopsticks
D)Balancing on a bicycle

Question 40

Seven-year-old George, who possesses average academic abilities, is problematic in class. He disturbs other children while they study. He has irregular sleep patterns. He shows no interest in activities that require concentration. In this scenario, George is most likely suffering from _____.

A)autism
B)dyslexia
C)Asperger's disorder
D)attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Question 41

Hamilton, a 11-year-old boy, has gallstones and acid reflux. His peers often make fun of his appearance and do not invite him to social gatherings. Hamilton succeeds in securing good grades at school. In this scenario, Hamilton most likely _____.

A)is overweight
B)is hyperactive
C)has Down's syndrome
D)has hyperglycemia

Question 42

The part of the brain called the__________translates visual information into auditory information.

A)medulla
B)angular gyrus
C)cervix
D)hypothalamus

Question 43

Stimulants used for treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder:

A)increase children's attention span.
B)degrade children's academic performance.
C)restrict the activity of dopamine.
D)restrict the activity of noradrenaline.

Question 44

In the context of the impact of gender difference on growth through middle childhood, identify a true statement.

A)Girls show greater forearm strength than boys.
B)Boys show greater limb coordination than girls.
C)Girls are better at throwing a ball than boys.
D)Girls show somewhat greater overall flexibility than boys.

Question 45

Which of the following statements is true of the impact of gender difference on growth through middle childhood?

A)Girls show greater forearm strength than boys.
B)Boys show greater limb coordination than girls.
C)Girls are better at throwing a ball than boys.
D)Boys are better at swinging a bat than girls.

Question 46

Risk factors for asthma include:

A)low blood pressure.
B)being a male.
C)tooth decay and poor oral hygiene.
D)being overactive.

Question 47

Henry, a 16-year-old boy, has been playing tennis since he was 10 years old. His ability to hit the ball with the racquet has become better over time. This best illustrates the gradual improvement in Henry's:

A)cognitive processes.
B)reaction time.
C)objective morality.
D)moral reasoning ability.

Question 48

Sadie is a ten-year-old girl. She finds it difficult to read her story books aloud, but enjoys listening to them when her mother reads them to her. She is able to recall all the details from the story after her mother finishes reading. In this scenario, Sadie most likely has problems in the _____.

A)angular gyrus
B)cerebellum
C)limbic lobe
D)hypothalamus

Question 49

Joshua, a nineteen-year-old, suffers from dyslexia. He goes to college with other teenagers his age. His teachers give him additional assignments and provide him with audiobook versions of all his text books. The given scenario illustrates the process of _____.

A)bonding
B)mainstreaming
C)encoding
D)seriation

Question 50

Eight-year-old Damien is the problem child among his three siblings. His parents have to force him to eat and do his chores as he hardly stays still for an extended period. He refuses to listen to his parents and frequently fights with his siblings. He cannot concentrate on one subject for too long and runs away when forced to do so. In this scenario, Damien is most likely suffering from ____.

A)autism
B)dyslexia
C)Asperger's disorder
D)attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Question 51

Patty and Clarissa are part of a volleyball team. Clarissa is better at serving and hitting the ball when compared to Patty. This is because Clarissa is better at responding to the opposing team's actions. This illustrates the difference between Patty's and Clarissa's:

A)metamemory.
B)reaction time.
C)objective morality.
D)moral reasoning ability.

Question 52

Which of the following statements is true of dyslexia?

A)It is caused by overexposure to food preservatives.
B)It is characterized by letter reversal, mirror reading, and reduced comprehension.
C)It is more common in girls than in boys.
D)It reflects the lack of executive control of the brain over motor and more primitive functions.

Question 53

Shane, an eight-year-old, is the most notorious child in his class. He does not listen to his teachers, speaks loudly while the teacher is teaching, bullies other and hits children, and refuses to sit down in his seat. Dawson is most likely suffering from _____.

A)ADHD
B)autism
C)phenylketonuria
D)Huntington's disease

Question 54

Identify an activity that requires fine motor skills.

A)Fastening buttons
B)Swimming across a pool
C)Climbing stairs
D)Balancing on a bicycle

Question 55

Which of the following is true of the stimulants used for the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder?

A)They reduce children's attention spans.
B)They improve children's academic performance.
C)They have zero addiction liability.
D)They limit cognitive development.

Question 56

A stimulant such as Ritalin _____.

A)promotes the activity of the brain chemical dopamine
B)restricts the activity of the brain chemical noradrenaline
C)fails to treat attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
D)is not administered to children

Question 57

Identify a true statement about childhood asthma?

A)It is more severe in undeveloped nations than in developed nations.
B)People suffering from it cannot read and write.
C)It leads to impulsiveness and hyperactivity.
D)Stimulants such as Ritalin are the most widespread treatment for it.

Question 58

Which of the following statements accurately describes the impact of gender differences on physical growth during the middle childhood years?

A)Girls are heavier and taller than boys through the age of nine or ten.
B)Boys surpass girls in height and weight until about 13 or 14.
C)Beginning at about age 11, boys develop relatively more muscle, and girls develop relatively more fat.
D)Boys experience a steady weight gain through middle adulthood, whereas girls experience an overall weight loss.

Question 59

Reynold, an eight-year-old, has problems in his angular gyrus. His parents have enrolled him in a regular school, and the school administration has agreed to give him additional attention to ensure that his needs are met. This scenario illustrates the process of _____.

A)bonding
B)mainstreaming
C)encoding
D)seriation

Question 60

Learning disorders are disorders characterized by:

A)inadequate development of specific language and speech skills.
B)social deficits and stereotyped behavior.
C)abnormal functioning and loss of previously acquired skills.
D)excessive inattention, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity.

Question 61

Discuss the patterns of motor development in middle childhood years.

Question 62

Do gender differences influence the development of motor skills during middle childhood?

Question 63

Clarissa, an 18-year-old girl, has been playing baseball since she was 12 years old. Her ability to swing the bat has improved and she can now hit multiple home runs almost all the time. This scenario illustrates the gradual improvement in Clarissa's:

A)metacognition.
B)reaction time.
C)objective morality.
D)moral reasoning ability.

Question 64

Discuss attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Question 65

Which of the following exercises is the least appropriate for promoting cardiac and muscular fitness?

A)Swimming
B)Bicycling
C)Football
D)Running

Question 66

Jimmy is a twelve-year-old boy. He mispronounces most words while reading in his English class. His pronunciation does not improve even after his teacher explains the correct way to pronounce a written word. However, he does not have any difficulty understanding what every word means. In this scenario, Jimmy is most likely suffering from _____.

A)dyslexia
B)obesity
C)asthma
D)phenylketonuria

Question 67

Discuss the symptoms of asthma.

Question 68

In the context of educating children with disabilities, explain mainstreaming.

Question 69

Explain how attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can be treated.

Question 70

Which of the following statements is accurate of growth patterns in middle childhood years?

A)In middle childhood, the average child's body weight doubles.
B)Girls are heavier and taller than boys through the age of nine or ten.
C)From the age of 11, boys develop relatively more body fat than girls do.
D)Children in middle childhood experience an even, slow growth rate.

Question 71

What are the various methods of treating asthma?

Question 72

Discuss the risk factors for asthma.

Question 73

David and Greg are part of a football team. David is better at the sport than Greg when it comes to passing and kicking the ball. This is because David responds faster to visual stimuli than Greg does. This illustrates the difference between David's and Greg's:

A)metamemory.
B)reaction time.
C)objective morality.
D)moral reasoning ability.

Question 74

What are the different activities that children can perform when their fine motor skills start developing?

Question 75

Briefly explain the causes of overweight.

Question 76

Discuss the origins of dyslexia.