Deck 10: Families

Question 1

Rather than being collective in nature, ______ marriage is focused on the satisfaction of each person involved.

A) companionate
B) passionate
C) individualized
D) deinstitutionalized

Answer 1

C

Question 2

According to the text, the link between marriage and family ______.

A) is as strong as ever
B) has been greatly weakened, if not broken
C) has been redefined to be of greater importance
D) has slightly decreased in importance

Answer 2

B

Question 3

______ coined the term pure relationship, which refers to one that is entered for its own sake.

A) Anthony Giddens
B) Andrew Cherlin
C) Emma Goldman
D) Randall Collins

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which country has a long history of cohabitation, with roughly half of all births taking place within cohabitative relationships?

A) United States
B) Mexico
C) Sweden
D) France

Question 5

A society where multiple spouses are the dominant marital pattern is referred to as ______.

A) monogamous
B) homogamous
C) exogamous
D) polygamous

Question 6

______ marriage meshes well with the nuclear family because there is a clear distinction between the husband's and the wife's roles within the household.

A) Instrumental
B) Passionate
C) Companionate
D) Institutional

Question 7

Which one of the following statements is true regarding cohabitation demographics?

A) Whites are more likely to cohabit compared to blacks.
B) Cohabitation has become increasingly common among those who have an advanced education.
C) Whites see cohabitation as an alternative to marriage.
D) Hispanics are more likely to cohabit compared to blacks.

Question 8

According to the text, married couples in 1970 comprised 70.6 percent of all U.S. households. In 2012, married couples comprised ______ percent of all households.

A) roughly 70
B) around 60
C) just under 50
D) only 30

Question 9

Intimate relationships are byproducts of courtship ______.

A) rituals
B) norms
C) mores
D) values

Question 10

______ love is more likely to lead to long-lasting intimate relationships when compared to ______ love.

A) Formal; superficial
B) Informal; passionate
C) Passionate; companionate
D) Companionate; passionate

Question 11

______ has a sudden onset, inspires strong sexual feelings, and tends to include idealization of the one who is loved.

A) Passionate love
B) Companionate love
C) Companionate lust
D) Mutual attraction

Question 12

Companionate marriage was predominant by the middle of the twentieth century. It involved ______ between the husband and wife.

A) a clear division of labor
B) a pure relationship
C) shared responsibilities
D) cohabitation

Question 13

John is a white 50-year-old man who is married to Sue, who is a 22-year-old African American female. Their marriage is an example of ______.

A) homogamy
B) polygamy
C) exogamy
D) endogamy

Question 14

Kirsta has multiple husbands, which is referred to as ______.

A) polyandry
B) cenogamy
C) polygamy
D) polygyny

Question 15

When couples share a home and a bed without being legally married, they are practicing ______.

A) a family household
B) a nonfamily household
C) cohabitation
D) companionate marriage

Question 16

Sam and Mary have been dating for five years and are best friends who share everything. They are involved in a(n) ______.

A) intimate relationship
B) private relationship
C) cohabiting relationship
D) endogamous relationship

Question 17

Another term for group marriage is ______.

A) homogamy
B) polygyny
C) polyandry
D) cenogamy

Question 18

The text refers to the weakening of social norms related to marriage as ______.

A) the McDonaldization of marriage
B) the deinstitutionalization of marriage
C) the carousel of marriage
D) the feminization of marriage

Question 19

The premise of Liquid Love, written by Zygmunt Bauman, is ______.

A) relationships are becoming easier to understand
B) relationships form and end more easily, which challenges marriage as an institution
C) sociologists focus more on marriage and the family and less on relationships
D) the internet and new communication forms have changed relationships

Question 20

Throughout history, families have been defined much more by ______ than by ______.

A) heterogamy; homogamy
B) polygamy; endogamy
C) endogamy; exogamy
D) cenogamy; endogamy

Question 21

Globally, ______ is the most common form of family violence.

A) child abuse
B) elder abuse
C) wife beating
D) emotional neglect of children

Question 22

An increasing emphasis on ______ is an important factor in divorce rates today.

A) monogamy
B) individualism
C) having children
D) financial independence

Question 23

In 1970 about 70 percent of Americans lived in married households, but by 2012, a little under 50 percent of the population lived in married households. What accounts for the difference?

A) The Census Bureau is measuring households differently today.
B) It looks like fewer people get married, but fewer people get married by age 25. When comparing the numbers of "never married" at 45, they are the same for 1970 and 2012.
C) Fewer people are getting married in 2012 in all age groups.
D) The differences in numbers is not only due to marriage versus cohabitation but also because more men and more women live alone in 2012 than in 1970.

Question 24

Which of the following are factors in the deinstitutionalization of marriage according to Andrew Cherlin?

A) the erosion of norms about having children within the context of marriage
B) the decrease in the divorce rate
C) the erosion of norms regarding the roles of men and women in a marriage
D) the increase in the cohabitation rate

Question 25

Leaving women without enough suitable males to marry during war is related to the concept of ______.

A) the marriage squeeze
B) perpetual movement
C) cohabitation
D) polygamy

Question 26

Larena's research focuses on the socialization process children experience within the family and how parents transmit norms and values to their children. Which theoretical perspective is the basis for her research?

A) conflict theory
B) feminist theory
C) inter/actionist theory
D) structural/functional theory

Question 27

Which country is the world leader in the adoption of children from other countries?

A) Russia
B) United States
C) France
D) Germany

Question 28

______ theorists focus on family from the perspective of choices made on the basis of rewards and costs.

A) Conflict
B) Symbolic interactionist
C) Exchange
D) Feminist

Question 29

According to a national study, about ______ percent of elderly respondents reported some type of abuse.

A) 30
B) 90
C) 10
D) 60

Question 30

Studies indicate that couples who divorce, as compared to married couples, ______.

A) are better off financially
B) are more likely to be happy
C) have less physical and mental health problems
D) have higher poverty rates, especially for women

Question 31

The most common form of child abuse is ______.

A) sexual abuse
B) parents hitting their child with an object
C) emotional neglect
D) verbal neglect

Question 32

Which sociologist is associated with the structural/functional theory as it pertains to the family?

A) Georg Simmel
B) Talcott Parsons
C) Andrew Cherlin
D) Laura Jameson

Question 33

Which theoretical perspective focuses on the fact that girls learn, from an early age, that family responsibilities take precedence over all other aspects of their lives?

A) feminist
B) inter/actionist
C) structural/functional
D) conflict

Question 34

Which one of the following is a risk factor as it relates to divorce?

A) getting married at an older age
B) having stable finances
C) if a couple cohabited before marriage
D) being the same religion

Question 35

Sociologists are interested in the following aspects of families:

A) the relationship between family and marriage
B) how childhood exposure to relationships influences individual decisions to marry
C) the different forms of family and how they are formed and maintained
D) the resilience of marriage

Question 36

______ are the most common perpetrators of elder abuse.

A) Adult children and spouses
B) Home health aides
C) Strangers
D) Nursing home attendants

Question 37

Gabriel is a researcher who has observed Adam and Sara's 5-year dating relationship. He observes that Adam decides to ask Sara to marry him because he is willing to overlook Sara's annoying qualities and focus on her positive qualities as a kind and thoughtful person. Gabriel utilizes the ______ to analyze his research.

A) conflict theory
B) inter/actionist theory
C) exchange theory
D) functional theory

Question 38

The poverty rate for female-headed families in 2015 was ______ times higher than that for married-couple families.

A) 10
B) 5
C) 2
D) 8

Question 39

______ focuses on how many families have traditionally been dominated by the males, leaving females in subordinate roles.

A) Structural/functional theory
B) Conflict theory
C) Inter/actionist theory
D) Exchange theory

Question 40

Sociologists who study the various roles family members play within their families are utilizing the ______ theoretical perspective.

A) inter/actionist
B) structural/functional
C) conflict
D) feminist

Question 41

The definition of the family according to the Census Bureau only includes those who are related by birth, marriage, or adoption.

Question 42

Which of the following are differences between a stepfamily and a first-marriage family?

A) Children are less likely to spend time with a stepparent compared to the parent from a first-marriage family.
B) Stepfamilies have insufficient time to develop the family routines that are likely to have existed in first families.
C) Children may have difficulty adapting to the new ways of living in stepfamilies.
D) The bonds between first-marriage parents and children are better established than the new spousal bonds of stepfamilies.

Question 43

The United States has had an increase in the number of one-person households over the last 40 years.

Question 44

Passionate love is more likely than companionate love to lead to a long-term intimate relationship.

Question 45

The nature of intimacy does not change over time.

Question 46

Sociologists view the family as a universal social institution that is central to social life.

Question 47

According to Andrew Cherlin, one cause for the deinstitutionalization of marriage is that the norms about having children within the context of marriage and the family have been eroding.

Question 48

Gay and lesbian couples tend to be more reflexive and democratic in their family decisions and practices than straight couples

Question 49

Anthony Giddens coined the term pure relationships, which refers to a relationship that is entered for its own sake and for what each partner can get from it.

Question 50

Which of these global flows are discussed by the text in relation to affecting families globally?

A) global migration
B) global death rates
C) global trafficking
D) global conflict

Question 51

Which of the following statements regarding domestic violence are true?

A) Women are five times more likely than men to be victims of domestic violence.
B) Domestic violence is declining in society.
C) Females between the ages of 28 and 35 years are the most likely to be the victims of domestic violence.
D) Domestic violence is a major cause for homelessness.

Question 52

Studies of children of same-sex couples have shown that children who grow up in these households ______.

A) suffer from psychological problems
B) have academic problems in school
C) suffer from high levels of depression
D) show no adverse effects

Question 53

While much of the focus has been on the negative effects of globalization on nonresident parents and their children, there are some economic benefits in certain cases.

Question 54

Michael is a college graduate who enjoys sports and Italian food. He is married to Jennifer who is also a college graduate and enjoys playing sports and going out to Italian restaurants. This is an example of endogamy.

Question 55

Nuclear families made up less than 25 percent of all U.S. households in 2012.

Question 56

Over the past 10 years there has been an increase in the number of births to married women and a decrease in the number of births to unmarried women.

Question 57

Monogamy means only marriage between one man and one woman.

Question 58

Group marriage is referred to as exogamy.

Question 59

Which of the following statements are true regarding the changes that have been taking place over the years regarding the family household?

A) People are living longer.
B) Women outlive men.
C) Families are getting larger.
D) There are more births to unmarried women.

Question 60

Which of the following are consequences of child abuse?

A) impaired ability to reason morally
B) greater likelihood of engaging in violence
C) increasing violence toward other children
D) researchers are not sure of the consequences because they are ethically unable to study abused children

Question 61

Men are more likely than women to speak out about being victims of sexual violence and/or domestic abuse. Women are six times more likely to be assaulted by a person with whom they are intimate than by a stranger.

Question 62

Please use at least four themes discussed in the text and explain how they do (or do not) relate to your own upbringing. For example, were you raised in a nuclear family? Did you witness traditional division of labor within the household? Did you witness a divorce in the family?

Question 63

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has estimated that in the United States alone the economic cost of child abuse is more than $124 billion.

Question 64

Discuss the three types of marriage as they have changed in the trend toward deinstitutionalization. Name and describe each type of marital pattern, and identify the time in which it was most prominent in the United States.

Question 65

The feminist theory focuses on the family as being based on a patriarchal structure, in which men have the power and control.

Question 66

The overload model, as it pertains to family troubles, focuses on how family members now need to take on roles that used to be provided for by the public sphere.

Question 67

Discuss three factors that influenced the trend toward a deinstitutionalization of marriage according to Andrew Cherlin.

Question 68

Choose a married family type other than the heterosexual nuclear family. Describe the family type and discuss two sociological findings about this type of family (research or concepts).

Question 69

What is considered a "family household"? How has the family household in the United States changed since the 1970s? Provide three specific examples.

Question 70

Structural-functionalists are interested in socialization of children because their focus is on how family creates social order.

Question 71

Less than 50 percent of cohabiting couples ultimately marry each other.

Question 72

Monogamy is the most common marital arrangement in the United States. Define and describe monogamy, and identify, define, and describe two other possible marital forms.

Question 73

What is cohabitation, who is most likely to cohabit, and why is it hard to find the exact number of people who are cohabiting in the United States? Where do cohabitation rates in the United States rank among developed countries? According to a study referenced in your text, what were the two rationales people gave for cohabitating?

Question 74

Select any three theoretical perspectives and discuss how each one views the family.

Question 75

Which country has the highest divorce rate in the world? Name two factors that have influenced the ability to divorce. What are two risk factors that relate to divorce?

Question 76

What are some common forms of abuse found in the family? Select one, and describe three facts or outcomes related to this form of abuse found in families.