Deck 23: Special Senses: Anatomy of the Visual System

Question 1

Below are listed pairs of anatomical structures. The first is a layer of the wall of the eye, and the second is a structure that is a part of that layer. Select the pair that correctly matches layer with structure.

A)fibrous layer, cornea
B)sensory layer, iris
C)vascular layer, retina

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The retinal cells that are closest to the vascular layer are the .

A)ganglion cells
B)bipolar cells
C)rods and cones

Answer 2

C

Question 3

This mucous membrane covers the surface of the eyeball and lines the eyelid.

A)conjunctiva
B)tarsociliary epithelium
C)palpebral mucosa
D)bulbar epithelium

Answer 3

A

Question 4

A cataract is .

A)darkening of the vitreous humor
B)a change in the cornea, rendering it opaque
C)a change in the lens, rendering it hard and opaque
D)cloudiness in the aqueous humor

Question 5

The photoreceptors in the retina that detect light are _ .

A)horizontal and amacrine cells
B)ganglion cells
C)bipolar cells
D)rods and cones

Question 6

From outermost to innermost layers, the wall of the eye consists of these three layers.

A)fibrous, sensory, vascular
B)sensory, vascular, fibrous
C)fibrous, vascular, sensory
D)vascular, fibrous, sensory

Question 7

The of the retina detect color and function only in light.

A)cones, low
B)rods, bright
C)rods, low
D)cones, bright

Question 8

This structure, present in the cow eye but not in the human eye, is a special iridescent reflecting surface that helps animals to see in low light conditions.

A)pigmented sclera
B)ciliary body
C)vascular layer
D)tapetum lucidum

Question 9

How many extrinsic eye muscles surround one eyeball?

A)4
B)6
C)12
D)8

Question 10

The carry tears into the nasal cavity.

A)nasolacrimal ducts
B)lacrimal canaliculi
C)ciliary ducts
D)excretory ducts

Question 11

This extrinsic eye muscle elevates the eye and turns it medially.

A)inferior oblique
B)medial rectus
C)superior oblique
D)superior rectus

Question 12

The is a blind spot on the retina, while the contains only cones and is the retinal area of greatest visual acuity.

A)macula lutea, fundus
B)optic disc, fovea centralis
C)fovea centralis, optic disc
D)fundus, macula lutea

Question 13

The innermost layer of the retina .

A)is a blood- rich nutritive region containing a dark pigment
B)is composed of fibrous tissue
C)is a transparent neural layer
D)is a pigmented epithelium

Question 14

The visual pathway terminates in this cortical area.

A)auditory cortex
B)olfactory cortex
C)gustatory cortex
D)visual cortex

Question 15

The anterior segment of the eye contains a fluid called _.

A)aqueous humor
B)vitreous humor
C)lacrimal humor

Question 16

Axons of ganglion cells form the optic tract. These fibers synapse in the _.

A)visual cortex
B)hypothalamus
C)thalamus

Question 17

The rods of the retina _ .

A)are found in highest density in the macula lutea
B)are found in highest density at the periphery of the retina
C)are present in large numbers in the fovea centralis
D)function only in bright light

Question 18

The lacrimal apparatus produces a watery solution known as .

A)modified sweat
B)tears
C)an oily substance
D)sebaceous fluid

Question 19

The ciliary zonule (suspensory ligament)holds this structure in front of the pupil.

A)cornea
B)lens
C)ciliary muscles
D)conjunctiva

Question 20

If the left optic nerve is severed, _ .

A)the person is blind in the right eye
B)the person is blind in the left eye
C)the lateral peripheral vision is diminished
D)the person is blind

Question 21

Of the glands listed here, which one produces the oily substance that covers the conjunctiva?

A)tarsal glands
B)ciliary glands
C)lacrimal gland
D)small oil glands

Question 22

The ciliary body is a modified part of this layer (tunic)of the eyeball.

A)sensory layer (retina)
B)vascular layer (uvea)
C)fibrous layer (sclera)