Deck 9: Eating Disorders

Question 1

Sarah has the nonpurging type of bulimia. Sonia has the restricting type of anorexia. Which of the following is likely?

A) They are both aware that their eating patterns are not normal.
B) Sarah uses fasting as a way to control her weight but Sonia does not.
C) They both are overly concerned with their weight.
D) Sarah is at risk for comorbid mental disorders but Sonia is not.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which woman is least likely to have an eating disorder?

A) Pilar, a German American
B) Therese, an Italian American
C) Betty, a European American
D) Latisha, an African American

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Anorexia nervosa is defined by which of the following?

A) a binge-purge cycle
B) an individual of normal or slightly above normal weight
C) a distorted self-perception of body image
D) a sense of loss of control over eating combined with purging

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which approach has been encouraging in helping with anorexia nervosa?

A) psychodynamic therapy
B) dietary training
C) family therapy
D) inpatient treatment

Question 5

What is the paradox of eating disorders?

A) Anorexia is more likely to occur in countries where malnutrition is prevalent.
B) The increasing emphasis on thinness in the United States is occurring as the population is becoming heavier.
C) As the popularity of healthy clubs is increasing in the United States, eating disorders are becoming more prevalent.
D) In the past decade, male prevalence rates of obesity have come to surpass female rates of obesity.

Question 6

A twelve-year study by Sui and colleagues (2007) determined that being ____ is the critical factor for long life.

A) fitness may prevent some obesity-related health problems
B) only normal weight individuals benefit from fitness
C) fitness may paradoxically increase risk of death among obese individuals
D) fitness increases survival only among underweight individuals

Question 7

Anna worries that even touching a sandwich would cause her to gain weight. This behavior is most accurately described as ____.

A) depressive
B) obsessive-compulsive
C) bipolar
D) psychotic

Question 8

Nearly ____ percent of adolescent females and ____ percent of adolescent males report dieting to control their weight.

A) 20; 10
B) 20; 20
C) 50; 20
D) 90; 50

Question 9

Kimberly is in a treatment program for eating disorders. She is more introverted than many of the other girls in the program and denies that she is hungry or has any psychological distress. Kimberly is most likely to be diagnosed with ____.

A) restricting anorexia
B) binge-eating/purging anorexia
C) bulimia nervosa
D) binge eating disorder

Question 10

Irene eats large quantities of high-calorie foods at least three times a week, typically when she is alone or nervous. After binging, she induces vomiting. She is constantly concerned about her appearance, although she is of normal weight. An appropriate diagnosis for Irene is ____.

A) anorexia nervosa
B) overanxious disorder
C) bulimia nervosa
D) binge-eating disorder

Question 11

The person with bulimia nervosa is at risk of ____.

A) loss of sleep
B) personality disorders
C) suicide
D) obesity

Question 12

Yoriko, a 17-year-old girl, is so fearful of gaining weight that she starves herself. She has missed five consecutive menstrual cycles. Although she correctly sees herself as having a skeletal figure, she does not think she has an eating disorder. Yoriko is diagnosed with anorexia. What is unusual about this case?

A) It is unusual for an anorexic to deny having an eating disorder.
B) It is unusual for a 17-year-old girl to have anorexia.
C) It is unusual for an anorexic to miss five menstrual cycles.
D) It is unusual for an anorexic to have an accurate body image.

Question 13

Which of the following is most likely to result in eating problems?

A) media attention on healthy eating
B) autonomy
C) self-determination
D) low self-esteem

Question 14

Which statement about anorexia nervosa is accurate?

A) Despite having a skeleton-like appearance, most anorexics still consider themselves to be overweight.
B) Anorexics who continually fast tend to be outgoing, very popular individuals with a lot of self-confidence.
C) Although anorexics are phobic about gaining weight, they often maintain weight at normal or above-normal levels.
D) Although self-starvation changes the anorexic's appearance, there are no serious physical complications to the disorder.

Question 15

Compared to anorexia nervosa, bulimia ____.

A) is much easier to diagnose on the basis of appearance
B) is much more prevalent
C) has little to do with self-control
D) is unrelated to body size concern or weight

Question 16

Emily has the purging type of bulimia nervosa. She is likely to engage regularly in which of the following?

A) fasting
B) vomiting
C) denies her thinness
D) expresses fear of obesity

Question 17

There are two subgroups of anorexia. They are ____.

A) anorexia and anorexia nervosa
B) binge-eating/purging and restricting
C) binge-eating/purging and binge-eating alone
D) anxious and depressive

Question 18

A psychologist is in an evaluation with a woman who has an eating disorder, restricting type. Which symptom would be typical of this subtype?

A) self-induced vomiting
B) extreme exercising
C) use of laxatives
D) taking diuretics

Question 19

It is not uncommon for individuals with anorexia nervosa to display _____ behaviors.

A) manic
B) psychotic
C) obsessive-compulsive
D) paranoid

Question 20

"Yo-yo" dieting has been found to be related to which of the following?

A) long-term weight loss
B) difficulties with posttraumatic stress
C) chronic headaches
D) altered immune functioning

Question 21

Disturbed eating patterns in "eating conditions not elsewhere classified" includes which characteristic behavior?

A) excessive exercising
B) binge eating late at night
C) high degree of social interaction
D) overly positive self-image

Question 22

Approximately what percentage of women in weight-control programs have binge-eating disorder?

A) 5-10 percent
B) 20-40 percent
C) 50-65 percent
D) 70-80 percent

Question 23

For the past three months, Bess has eaten large quantities of high-calorie foods a couple of times a week. What other symptoms must she show to be diagnosed with bulimia?

A) negative body image and compensatory actions after eating
B) none, because binge eating is the critical symptom of bulimia
C) the absence of at least three consecutive menstrual cycles
D) a history of self-starvation lasting at least three months

Question 24

Kobe is concerned about his younger brother taking anabolic steroids. As he researches this potentially fatal behavior, he will find that ____ percent of boys between the ages of 15 and 18 have taken these drugs to gain more muscle mass.

A) 4
B) 6
C) 8
D) 10

Question 25

A bulimic woman is more likely to respond to stress by saying ____.

A) "Purging will help relieve the stress and monotony in my life."
B) "I need to outline my priorities."
C) "I guess I need to think about how I can solve this problem."
D) "This approach didn't work, so I'll have to come up with another one."

Question 26

What is one reason that most adolescent girls give for dieting and concern over their bodies?

A) their health
B) criticisms by family members
C) self-esteem
D) physical fitness

Question 27

In a lecture on eating disorders, Professor Lublin noted that binge-eating has been classified as disorder characterized by consumption of large amounts of food over a short period of time and accompanied by feelings of paranoia, but like bulimia, the episodes are generally followed by use of compensatory behaviors like vomiting or fasting. Which of Professor Lublin's statements in accurate?

A) Binge-eating has been classified as an Axis I disorder.
B) Binge-eating is characterized by consumption of large amounts of food over a short period of time.
C) Binge-eating is generally followed by use of compensatory behaviors like vomiting or fasting.
D) Binge-eating is characterized by feelings of paranoia.

Question 28

Belle has bulimia and Amanda has anorexia. Outcome studies suggest that ____.

A) Belle would probably have a more positive prognosis than Amanda
B) Amanda would probably have a more positive prognosis than Belle
C) Both would have a relatively poor prognosis
D) bulimia has a close to 100 percent recovery rate

Question 29

Who would diagnostically fit the DSM-5 category of "eating conditions not elsewhere classified"?

A) Bernadette, who meets all the criteria for anorexia nervosa and is over 25 lbs. underweight
B) Claudia, who engages in binge eating and compensatory activities less than once per week
C) Darlene, who engages in binge-eating and purging more than once per week
D) Allegra, who meets all the criteria for anorexia nervosa and does not have regular menses

Question 30

A common complication of bulimia nervosa is ____.

A) stomach cancer
B) erosion of tooth enamel
C) excessive hydration
D) muscle atrophy

Question 31

What is one way in which bulimia nervosa is similar to binge-eating disorder?

A) engaging in compensatory behaviors after eating
B) eating alone when binging
C) being generally overweight in either case
D) having an intense fear of becoming obese

Question 32

Individuals with bulimia nervosa may also have symptoms of ____.

A) schizoaffective disorder
B) panic attacks
C) posttraumatic stress disorder
D) depressive disorders

Question 33

The DSM-5 does not recognize ____ as an eating disorder despite its devastating medical and psychological consequences.

A) anorexia nervosa
B) obesity
C) bulimia nervosa
D) eating disorders not otherwise specified

Question 34

Which group would be content with a larger amount of body fat?

A) lesbian females
B) heterosexual females
C) gay males
D) heterosexual males

Question 35

Who would be most likely to express the most concern over body size and appearance and most likely to exhibit disturbed eating patterns?

A) Jim, a gay male
B) Dan, a straight male
C) Danielle, a lesbian female
D) Eldon, a heterosexual male

Question 36

Which woman has the best prognosis for recovery from binge eating disorder?

A) Andrea, who is being treated with medication
B) Bridgette, who is being treated with surgery
C) Carla, who is being treated with gastric banding
D) Darlene, who is being treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy

Question 37

A 2007 APA Task Force study found that television, music videos, lyrics, magazines, and advertising ____ women.

A) socialize
B) demonize
C) sexualize
D) aggrandize

Question 38

The lifetime prevalence of anorexia nervosa among 20-year-old females is ____.

A) 0.8 percent
B) 0.5 percent
C) 2.6 percent
D) 3 percent

Question 39

When assessing male and female perceptions of their bodies, research by Arcelus et al. (2013) found that ____.

A) males were more likely than females to express dissatisfaction with their bodies
B) females were more likely than males to express dissatisfaction with their bodies
C) among both males and females, those with low self-esteem were at higher risk for eating disorders
D) females perceived their bodies as larger than they would prefer, but smaller than what men would prefer

Question 40

Individuals with binge-eating disorder may also have symptoms of which disorder?

A) schizophrenia
B) major depressive disorder
C) posttraumatic stress disorder
D) panic attacks

Question 41

What may combine with maladaptive perfection and body dissatisfaction to create an even greater risk for an eating disorder?

A) low levels of interpersonal competence
B) an interest in eating healthy
C) short-term anxiety to an external stressor
D) lack of sleep or poor sleep habits

Question 42

Socialization agents, such as peers, family members, and the media, may contribute to eating disorders by helping to create ____.

A) externalized notions of "thin is in"
B) internalization of the thin ideal body image
C) externalization of one's inner insecurities
D) internalization of "normal" weight ideals

Question 43

Body dissatisfaction in men, as with women, may be due to ____ processes involving media images portraying body types that few can achieve.

A) social comparison
B) maladaptive perfectionism
C) self-evaluation
D) dieting

Question 44

Body dissatisfaction, the discrepancy between one's perceived versus desired body weight or shape, is a(n) ____ in the development of eating disorders.

A) robust risk factor
B) insignificant risk factor
C) mild risk factor
D) moderate risk factor

Question 45

What characteristic has been identified as a risk factor and may interact with body dissatisfaction to predict eating disorders?

A) maladaptive perfectionism
B) dieting
C) self-evaluation
D) depression

Question 46

Recent research by Neighbors and Sobal (2007) suggests that ____ may be the most susceptible to messages regarding thinness.

A) overweight women
B) underweight women
C) women who are normal weight
D) overweight men

Question 47

Bergstrom and Neighbors (2006) found that people who binge eat most often do so for which reason?

A) They like the taste of the food.
B) They feel hungry all of the time.
C) They feel compelled to keep eating without thought.
D) They use food to counteract negative emotions.

Question 48

A woman in a lower socioeconomic neighborhood argued that the neighborhood was designed to make her fat. What would support this?

A) Poorer neighborhoods may be distant from major hospitals.
B) Poorer neighborhoods have little to do but eat.
C) Poorer neighborhoods are less concerned with eating healthy.
D) Poorer neighborhoods have fewer options for purchasing healthy foods.

Question 49

Which woman is the least likely to exhibit an eating disorder?

A) Mei Li, who lives in Saipan
B) Shoshana, who lives in Israel
C) Candice, who lives in Canada
D) Delores, who lives in the United States

Question 50

Marlin is told that he has many protective variables that help him avoid the impact of media on body image. Which of these factors would be considered part of the psychological dimension?

A) His mother's concerns about weight
B) His strong social bonds and social support
C) His self-esteem and sense of autonomy
D) His culture's emphasis on muscularity

Question 51

Which girl is most likely to be dieting?

A) Shawna, a European American
B) Lashawna, an African American
C) Selena, a Hispanic American
D) Varana, a Pakistani American

Question 52

It is believed that the societal emphasis on thinness as being attractive ____.

A) may contribute to the increasing incidence of eating disorders
B) has not been supported as a cause of eating disorders
C) is a sufficient explanation of eating disorders
D) is only mildly related to eating disorders

Question 53

Approximately ____ percent of individuals who are treated in weight control programs have binge eating disorder.

A) 10 to 20
B) 20 to 40
C) 40 to 60
D) 60 to 80

Question 54

Vincent and McCabe (2000) found that teasing and criticism about body weight or shape by family members predicts ____.

A) borderline personality disorder
B) dieting and eating problems
C) maladaptive perfectionism
D) depression

Question 55

Nancy has anorexia nervosa, binge-eating/purging type. What is a direct complication from purging that is not seen in the restricting type of anorexia?

A) bone loss
B) irregular heart rate
C) low blood pressure
D) enlarged salivary glands

Question 56

Research by Powell, Calvin, and Calvin (2007) found that the most effective long-term method for treating obesity and sustaining weight loss is ____.

A) strict dieting
B) lifestyle interventions
C) drug treatments
D) gastric surgery

Question 57

Rates of obesity are higher among members of which social class?

A) upper
B) middle
C) lower
D) There is no difference in rates of obesity based on social class.

Question 58

Jacquee is an African American woman. Unlike the typical European American woman, she is likely to ____.

A) feel that being underweight is better than being overweight
B) describe herself as being too fat and old
C) equate thinness with beauty and success
D) be satisfied with her weight and body size

Question 59

Jane and Jan have been best friends since they were four years old. Even though both women have married and are raising families, they remain best friends. Research by Christakis and Fowler (2007) suggests that if Jane becomes obese, ____.

A) Jan will try to help her lose weight
B) Jan will actually lose weight
C) there is a 171% chance that Jan, too, will become obese
D) there will, at most, a one percent effect on Jan's weight

Question 60

Fijian girls who had developed eating disorders reported that their beliefs about ideal body image were influenced by ____.

A) television
B) religious teachings
C) Western tourists
D) school

Question 61

Which approach to treating anorexia is designed to assist with planning meals, learn new relationship patterns, and reduce parent criticism?

A) psychodynamic
B) behavioral
C) cognitive-behavioral
D) family therapy

Question 62

Karen is dangerously thin and has been admitted to the hospital because of her anorexic condition. The initial goal of treatment will be to ____.

A) help her understand that she is in danger of killing herself
B) safely restore weight
C) begin family therapy sessions
D) involve her in a group program with other anorexic girls

Question 63

The psychologists who are administering the support group that Calista attends are doing research to look at psychological traits for men and women in the disordered eating group. These psychologists are most likely to find ____.

A) no consistent psychological traits
B) evidence of negative affect
C) high rates of identity disorders
D) high rates of psychotic disorders

Question 64

Which statement concerning the relationship between eating disorders and sexual abuse is accurate?

A) There is no relationship between sexual abuse and eating disorders.
B) There is a direct link between sexual abuse and eating disorders.
C) Sexual abuse leads to eating disorders.
D) Sexual abuse may be indirectly related to obesity.

Question 65

Which female is most likely to have an eating disorder?

A) Maciel, an Australian
B) Belinda, a Columbian
C) Audrey, an Asian
D) Doreen, a Bolivian

Question 66

____ appears to provide individuals with eating disorders some satisfaction in dealing with stress.

A) The element of control
B) Dieting
C) Relaxation
D) Passivity

Question 67

A group-based intervention program described by Chapman et al. (2010), and Richardson and Paxton (2010) for adolescent girls at risk for eating problems involved which goal?

A) Learning the fastest ways to lose weight
B) Learning to develop a neutral attitude toward their bodies
C) Increasing their comfort in expressing their feelings to others
D) Increasing compensatory skills

Question 68

Which approach has been shown to help individuals with bulimia develop a sense of self-control?

A) treatment with SSRIs
B) humanistic
C) psychodynamic
D) cognitive-behavioral

Question 69

Millie has been hospitalized because of her anorexia. She will receive psychological intervention to help her with ____.

A) learning how to find information about anorexia and other eating disorders on the Internet
B) learning to develop overcontrolled eating behaviors
C) learning to cope with muscle dysphoria
D) learning about dysfunctional attitudes related to the eating disorder

Question 70

Which statement is accurate when comparing African American females with white American females?

A) Both African American women and white American women believe that beauty is fleeting and decreases with age.
B) Both African American women and white American women believe that it is better to be a little overweight than underweight.
C) African American women perceive themselves to be thinner than they actually are, whereas white American women perceive themselves as being heavier than they actually are.
D) 40 percent of African American females, compared with 50 percent of white American females, are satisfied with their current weight or body shape.

Question 71

Research exploring the relationship between genetics and eating disorders suggests that ____.

A) there is a strong genetic link for eating disorders
B) there is a strong genetic link for anorexia and bulimia, but not for other eating disorders
C) there is only a weak link between genetics and eating disorders
D) although there is strong support for a connection between genetic and biological factors with eating disorders, more research is needed to determine the relationship

Question 72

Victoria's team of physicians, psychiatrists, and psychotherapists will carefully monitor her physical condition during the refeeding phase of her treatment for anorexia because ____.

A) she is likely to be terrified of dying of the disorder
B) her apathy toward food may increase
C) she may experience sudden severe physiological reactions
D) she has to be dissuaded from trying new foods at this time

Question 73

What did Strober et al. (2000) find with respect to first-degree relatives of patients with anorexia and bulimia?

A) Relatives of those with anorexia were likely to have anorexia, but not bulimia.
B) Relatives of those with bulimia were likely to have bulimia, but not anorexia.
C) Relatives of those with anorexia or bulimia were as likely to have either eating disorder.
D) There seemed to be no clear relationship between prevalence of these disorders among relatives.

Question 74

In comparing African American women with white American women, which statement is accurate?

A) Fewer African American women tend to be satisfied with their body size, weight, and appearance than are white women.
B) More African American women than white American women appear to have bulimia.
C) African American women are just as likely as other groups of women to have binge-eating disorder.
D) African American women are more concerned about weight than any other group of women.

Question 75

Which characteristic is typical of both males and females with eating disorders?

A) aggressiveness
B) low self-esteem
C) autonomy
D) self-determination

Question 76

In order not to sabotage weight gain, it is important that the patient receive ____ at the same time that restoration of weight is undertaken.

A) psychological support
B) pharmacologic treatment
C) psychodynamic therapy
D) nutritional education

Question 77

A clinical psychologist treating a woman with obesity says, "Obesity is associated with depressed mood, although we are not clear whether depression is the cause or the effect. What is clear is that sexual abuse is a causal factor in obesity." Research indicates that these remarks are ____.

A) entirely false. Research fails to support either assertion.
B) partially true. Research rejects the association with depression but supports the idea that sexual abuse causes obesity.
C) partially true. Research supports the association with depression but rejects the idea that sexual abuse directly causes obesity.
D) entirely true. Research supports both assertions.

Question 78

Which statement is suggested by research comparing African American women and white women?

A) Because African American women perceive themselves as being heavier than they actually are, they do not believe it is important to change their normal eating patterns.
B) Media messages equating thinness with beauty have less impact on African American women.
C) African American women are less likely than white women to have anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or binge-eating disorder.
D) Because African American women have nonassertive roles in relationships and in the community, they are more influenced than white women by gender-restrictive messages.

Question 79

Amy has just begun therapy for anorexia nervosa. She is in the hospital, where medical staff give her feedings to increase her weight. After she has gained sufficient weight ____ will most likely be implemented as an outpatient in order to maintain treatment gains achieved in the hospital.

A) family therapy
B) stimulant medication
C) systematic desensitization
D) aversive conditioning

Question 80

Vanessa has anorexia. It is likely that she shows which trait?

A) perfectionism
B) rebelliousness
C) lack of control
D) helplessness