Deck 10: Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Question 1

Muscles that have their fasciculi arranged like barbs of a feather along a common tendon are called ________.

A) pennate
B) straight
C) orbicular
D) rhombohedral
E) divergent

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The origin is

A) a muscle working in opposition to another muscle.
B) the end of the muscle where the action occurs.
C) the muscle that does most of the movement.
D) the stationary end of the muscle.
E) a group of muscles that work together to cause movement.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following represents a class I lever system?

A) Crossing your legs
B) Hyperextension of the head
C) Standing on your tiptoes
D) Flexion of the elbow to elevate the hand
E) Lifting weight with your arm

Answer 3

B

Question 4

When a skeletal muscle contracts to cause a given movement, the more movable end of attachment of the muscle is called its ________.

A) origin
B) insertion
C) antagonist
D) synergist
E) fixator

Question 5

The insertion is

A) a muscle working in opposition to another muscle.
B) the end of the muscle where the action occurs.
C) the muscle that does most of the movement.
D) the stationary end of the muscle.
E) a group of muscles that work together to cause movement.

Question 6

The flexion of the elbow represents a ________ lever system.

A) class I
B) class II
C) class III
D) class IV

Question 7

The muscle shape that has the capacity to shorten to the greatest degree is ________.

A) pennate
B) straight
C) orbicular
D) unipennate
E) multipennate

Question 8

A synergist is

A) a muscle working in opposition to another muscle.
B) the end of the muscle where the action occurs.
C) the muscle that does most of the movement.
D) the stationary end of the muscle.
E) a group of muscles that work together to cause movement.

Question 9

Contracting the right sternocleidomastoid muscle would

A) raise the head.
B) lower the head.
C) rotate the head toward the right.
D) rotate the head toward the left.
E) hyperextend the head.

Question 10

The type of muscle that functions as a sphincter is ________.

A) pennate
B) straight
C) orbicular
D) rhombohedral
E) unipennate

Question 11

An antagonist is

A) a muscle working in opposition to another muscle.
B) the end of the muscle where the action occurs.
C) the muscle that does most of the movement.
D) the stationary end of the muscle.
E) a group of muscles that work together to cause movement.

Question 12

The type of muscle that can contract with the greatest force is the ________.

A) straight
B) orbicular
C) triangular
D) rhomboidal
E) pennate

Question 13

When you "pull your tummy in" and compress your abdomen, you use the rectus abdominis, external abdominal oblique, internal abdominal oblique, and transversus abdominis muscles. This is an example of muscles working as ________.

A) fixators
B) synergists
C) antagonists
D) prime movers
E) cooperatives

Question 14

The prime mover is

A) a muscle working in opposition to another muscle.
B) the end of the muscle where the action occurs.
C) the muscle that does most of the movement.
D) the stationary end of the muscle.
E) a group of muscles that work together to cause movement.

Question 15

Which of the following muscles is named for its shape?

A) Pectoralis major
B) Adductor pollicis
C) Vastus lateralis
D) Trapezius
E) Pectoralis minor

Question 16

The brachioradialis is named for its ________.

A) function and orientation
B) origin and insertion
C) location and size
D) function and size
E) type and shape

Question 17

In the body's lever systems, the

A) joint represents the fulcrum point.
B) force or pull is applied by the bone.
C) fulcrum is the part being moved.
D) weight is the muscle mass.
E) lever is a pivot point.

Question 18

Which of the following muscles is named for its location?

A) Rhomboideus major
B) Quadriceps femoris
C) Trapezius
D) Deltoid
E) Teres major

Question 19

The adductor longus is named for its ________.

A) function and orientation
B) origin and insertion
C) location and size
D) type and shape
E) function and size

Question 20

The sternocleidomastoid muscle extends from the mastoid process of the temporal bone to the sternum and medial clavicle. When both sternocleidomastoid muscles contract, the head is flexed. The end of the muscle that connects to the sternum is the ________.

A) origin
B) belly
C) body
D) insertion
E) fixator

Question 21

Closing or puckering the lips is the action of the ________ muscle.

A) auricularis
B) orbicularis oris
C) orbicularis oculi
D) levator anguli oris
E) zygomaticus

Question 22

Muscles that elevate the jaw and close the mouth include the ________.

A) stylohyoid and procerus
B) temporalis and digastric
C) sternothyroid and buccinator
D) masseter and medial pterygoid
E) zygomaticus and buccinator

Question 23

Of the following muscles of the head, which one wraps around the orbits?

A) Nasalis
B) Temporalis
C) Orbicularis oculi
D) Masseter
E) Orbicularis oris

Question 24

The levator palpebrae superioris muscle

A) puckers the mouth for kissing.
B) contributes to pouting.
C) contributes to laughing and smiling.
D) causes crow's feet wrinkles.
E) raises the eyelid.

Question 25

Contraction of the inferior rectus muscle directs the pupil to look ________.

A) up
B) obliquely
C) to the side
D) to the nose
E) down

Question 26

Muscles that change the shape of the tongue are called ________ muscles.

A) extrinsic
B) deglutition
C) masseter
D) intrinsic
E) suprahyoid

Question 27

When you say "ah" and stick out your tongue, which muscle do you use?

A) Genioglossus
B) Hyoglossus
C) Styloglossus
D) Palatoglossus
E) Stylohyoid

Question 28

The orbicularis oris muscle

A) puckers the mouth for kissing.
B) contributes to pouting.
C) contributes to laughing and smiling.
D) causes crow's feet wrinkles.
E) raises the eyelid.

Question 29

Contracting the trapezius muscle would

A) extend the neck.
B) flex the neck.
C) laterally flex the neck.
D) rotate the head toward the left.
E) extend and laterally flex the neck.

Question 30

Which of the following muscles does NOT extend the neck?

A) Trapezius
B) Semispinalis capitis
C) Longissimus capitis
D) Longus capitis
E) Splenius capitis

Question 31

Which of the following muscles is involved in swallowing?

A) Sternocleidomastoid
B) Palatopharyngeus
C) Temporalis
D) Vocalis
E) Masseter

Question 32

The zygomaticus major muscle

A) puckers the mouth for kissing.
B) contributes to pouting.
C) contributes to laughing and smiling.
D) causes crow's feet wrinkles.
E) raises the eyelid.

Question 33

Facial muscles are unusual in that they

A) represent a combination of first-class and second-class lever systems.
B) insert and sometimes originate on skin and connective tissue.
C) are smooth muscles rather than skeletal muscles.
D) are not involved in movement.
E) are not involved in facial expression.

Question 34

The orbicularis oculi muscle

A) puckers the mouth for kissing.
B) contributes to pouting.
C) contributes to laughing and smiling.
D) causes crow's feet wrinkles.
E) raises the eyelid.

Question 35

The depressor anguli oris muscle

A) puckers the mouth for kissing.
B) contributes to pouting.
C) contributes to laughing and smiling.
D) causes crow's feet wrinkles.
E) raises the eyelid.

Question 36

In order to stabilize the hyoid so that the larynx can be elevated in swallowing, the ________ muscle group is used.

A) pterygoid
B) infrahyoid
C) auricularis
D) suprahyoid
E) hyoglossus

Question 37

Which of the following muscles is involved in chewing gum?

A) Masseter
B) Splenius capitus
C) Orbicularis oris
D) Zygomaticus major
E) Orbicularis oculi

Question 38

Raising the eyebrows is the action of the ________ muscle.

A) auricular
B) procerus
C) occipitofrontalis
D) levator palpebrae superioris
E) temporalis

Question 39

Well-developed mentalis muscles result in ________.

A) a dimple in the chin
B) crow's feet wrinkles
C) a wonderful smile
D) chubby cheeks
E) creases in the cheeks

Question 40

The digastric muscle is involved in ________.

A) stomach contractions
B) opening the mouth
C) facial expression
D) tummy tucks
E) swallowing

Question 41

Which back muscle extends the head?

A) Erector spinae
B) Longissimus capitis
C) Interspinales
D) Multifidus
E) Psoas minor

Question 42

If abdominal muscles are contracted while the vertebral column is fixed, this will aid in ________.

A) vomiting
B) childbirth
C) urination
D) defecation
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 43

The major movement produced during quiet breathing is accomplished by the ________.

A) scalenes
B) diaphragm
C) external intercostals
D) internal intercostals
E) transverses thoracis

Question 44

Which abdominal wall muscle inserts on the 10th to 12th ribs and rectus sheath?

A) Rectus abdominis
B) External abdominal oblique
C) Internal abdominal oblique
D) Transversus abdominis
E) Quadratus lumborum

Question 45

Damage to the muscle called the levator ani would result in

A) difficult urination.
B) difficult defecation.
C) inability of a male to have an erection.
D) decreased support for the pelvic viscera.
E) Both "difficult defecation" and "decreased support for the pelvic viscera" are correct.

Question 46

Which back muscle originates on the vertebral spinous processes?

A) Erector spinae
B) Longissimus capitis
C) Interspinales
D) Multifidus
E) Psoas minor

Question 47

Which muscle rotates and protracts the scapula, and elevates the ribs?

A) Levator scapulae
B) Serratus anterior
C) Pectoralis minor
D) Subclavius
E) Rhomboideus major

Question 48

In humans

A) back muscles are strong to maintain erect posture.
B) deep back muscles extend from the vertebrae to the ribs.
C) most of the muscle mass in the lower back is from the spinalis muscle.
D) back muscles are not very strong.
E) back muscles are similar in strength to the back muscles of cattle.

Question 49

The pelvic diaphragm is formed by the

A) levator ani only.
B) deep transverse perineum muscle.
C) levator ani and coccygeus muscles.
D) sphincter urethrae and sphincter ani muscles.
E) coccygeus only.

Question 50

Which abdominal wall muscle is the most superficial of the oblique muscles?

A) Rectus abdominis
B) External abdominal oblique
C) Internal abdominal oblique
D) Transversus abdominis
E) Quadratus lumborum

Question 51

Which muscle flexes the vertebral column?

A) Erector spinae
B) Longissimus capitis
C) Interspinales
D) Multifidus
E) Psoas minor

Question 52

Which abdominal wall muscle originates on the iliac crest and the lower lumbar vertebrae?

A) Rectus abdominis
B) External abdominal oblique
C) Internal abdominal oblique
D) Transversus abdominis
E) Quadratus lumborum

Question 53

Which muscle will elevate the scapula?

A) Levator scapulae
B) Serratus anterior
C) Pectoralis minor
D) Subclavius
E) Rhomboideus major

Question 54

Which back muscle inserts on the ribs and vertebrae?

A) Erector spinae
B) Longissimus capitis
C) Interspinales
D) Multifidus
E) Psoas minor

Question 55

Which of the following muscles moves the scapula?

A) Trapezius
B) Biceps brachii
C) Latissimus dorsi
D) Pectoralis major
E) Triceps brachii

Question 56

Which abdominal wall muscle inserts on the xiphoid process and the linea alba?

A) Rectus abdominis
B) External abdominal oblique
C) Internal abdominal oblique
D) Transversus abdominis
E) Quadratus lumborum

Question 57

In order for both eyes to direct their gaze to the right, which of the following muscles are used?
(1) Right lateral rectus
(2) Right medial rectus
(3) Left lateral rectus
(4) Left medial rectus

A) 1 and 3
B) 2 and 4
C) 2 and 3
D) 1 and 4
E) 1, 2, 3

Question 58

Which of the following muscles contracts during forced expiration?

A) Scalenes
B) Diaphragm
C) Linea alba
D) Internal intercostals
E) External intercostals

Question 59

The abdominal muscle that has its origin at the pubic crest and symphysis pubis is the ________.

A) rectus abdominis
B) transversus abdominis
C) external abdominal oblique
D) internal abdominal oblique
E) linea alba

Question 60

Which back muscle extends and rotates the vertebral column?

A) Erector spinae
B) Longissimus capitis
C) Interspinales
D) Multifidus
E) Psoas minor

Question 61

Which of the following muscles flexes the wrist?

A) Anconeus
B) Coracobrachialis
C) Flexor pollicis brevis
D) Extensor carpi radialis brevis
E) Flexor carpi radialis

Question 62

Which muscle fixes the clavicle or elevates the first rib?

A) Levator scapulae
B) Serratus anterior
C) Pectoralis minor
D) Subclavius
E) Rhomboideus major

Question 63

A muscle that extends both the wrist and the index finger is the ________.

A) extensor indicis
B) extensor carpi ulnaris
C) extensor pollicis longus
D) extensor carpi radialis longus
E) extensor digiti minimi

Question 64

Which of the following muscles is part of the rotator cuff?

A) Deltoid
B) Teres major
C) Infraspinatus
D) Coracobrachialis
E) Trapezius

Question 65

The arm is attached to the thorax by the ________.

A) pectoralis major and teres major
B) supraspinatus and latissimus dorsi
C) pectoralis minor and pectoralis major
D) latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major
E) biceps brachii and triceps brachii

Question 66

All of the following muscles are rotators of the arm. Which is a lateral rotator of the arm?

A) Pectoralis major
B) Latissimus dorsi
C) Teres major
D) Deltoid
E) Coracobrachialis

Question 67

Which of the following muscles of the chest has its insertion on the humerus?

A) Pectoralis major
B) Pectoralis minor
C) Serratus anterior
D) Subclavius
E) Internal intercostals

Question 68

A tennis player complains of severe pain in the shoulder when serving or returning an overhead volley. Which of the rotator cuff muscles is probably damaged?

A) Infraspinatus
B) Subscapularis
C) Supraspinatus
D) Teres major
E) Deltoid

Question 69

Raising your arm to shoulder level is accomplished almost entirely by the ________.

A) pectoralis major
B) biceps brachii
C) trapezius
D) deltoid
E) triceps brachii

Question 70

Which of the following muscles extends the forearm and has its insertion on the ulna?

A) Deltoid
B) Biceps brachii
C) Triceps brachii
D) Brachialis
E) Coracobrachialis

Question 71

The teres major and teres minor are not involved in

A) extension of the arm.
B) adduction of the arm.
C) medial rotation of the arm.
D) lateral rotation of the arm.
E) flexion and abduction of the arm.

Question 72

The anconeus works with the triceps brachii to ________.

A) supinate the forearm
B) extend the forearm
C) pronate the forearm
D) flex the forearm
E) rotate the forearm

Question 73

Which muscle will depress the scapula or elevate the ribs?

A) Levator scapulae
B) Serratus anterior
C) Pectoralis minor
D) Subclavius
E) Rhomboideus major

Question 74

Supination of the forearm and hand is accomplished by the ________.

A) brachioradialis and anconeus
B) biceps brachii and supinator
C) triceps brachii and supinator
D) anconeus and supinator
E) supinator and brachialis

Question 75

Which muscle retracts, rotates, and fixes the scapula?

A) Levator scapulae
B) Serratus anterior
C) Pectoralis minor
D) Subclavius
E) Rhomboideus major

Question 76

The rotator cuff muscles

A) fix the scapula in place.
B) attach the arm to the thorax.
C) attach the clavicle to the humerus.
D) hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa of the scapula.
E) attach at the distal end of the humerus.

Question 77

The muscles of the anterior group of forearm muscles are primarily ________.

A) flexors
B) extensors
C) abductors
D) adductors
E) supinators

Question 78

The infraspinatus ________.

A) laterally rotates the arm
B) adducts and laterally rotates the arm
C) medially rotates the arm
D) abducts the arm
E) flexes the shoulder

Question 79

Which of the following is found in the posterior group of forearm muscles?

A) Palmaris longus
B) Flexor carpi radialis
C) Abductor pollicis longus
D) Flexor digitorum profundus
E) Flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 80

If a man exercises by doing push-ups every day, he would strengthen or enlarge which of the following muscles?

A) Supraspinatus
B) Gastrocnemius
C) Thenar muscles
D) Triceps brachii
E) Biceps brachii