Deck 9: The Muscular System

Question 1

A lever system works at a mechanical advantage when:

A) the fulcrum is located farther from the applied force.
B) a small load is to be moved.
C) the fulcrum is located closer to the applied force.
D) the fulcrum is equally situated between the load and the force.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following muscles is named for its action?

A) gluteus maximus
B) adductor magnus
C) biceps brachii
D) deltoid

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which type of muscle works together with the agonist?

A) antagonist
B) synergist
C) prime mover
D) fixator

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Most levers in the human body are:

A) first ^-class levers.
B) fourth ^-class levers.
C) second ^-class levers.
D) third ^-class levers.

Question 5

Which of the following muscles is named using a directional term?

A) adductor longus
B) orbicularis oris
C) gastrocnemius
D) vastus lateralis

Question 6

Triceps brachii and biceps brachii perform opposing actions and are classified as:

A) agonists.
B) antagonists.
C) prime movers.
D) synergists.

Question 7

What joint serves as the fulcrum when triceps brachii moves the forearm?

A) elbow joint
B) shoulder joint
C) metacarpals joint
D) wrist joint

Question 8

In the human body, what is the fulcrum in a lever system?

A) The fulcrum is the joint at which movement occurs.
B) The fulcrum is the weight of the body part being moved.
C) The fulcrum is the angle of the movement.
D) The fulcrum is the effort generated by muscle contractions.

Question 9

Standing on tiptoes is an example of a:

A) second ^-class lever system.
B) first ^-class lever system.
C) third ^-class lever system.
D) lever system demonstrating mechanical disadvantage.

Question 10

Which of the following muscles is named for its shape?

A) levator scapulae
B) triceps brachii
C) pronator quadratus
D) vastus medialis

Question 11

What lever class has the fulcrum situated between the force and the load?

A) fourth ^-class lever
B) first ^-class lever
C) third ^-class lever
D) second ^-class lever

Question 12

Identify the corrugator supercilii muscle.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 13

Where does the mentalis muscle insert?

A) skin of the chin
B) skin around the eyelids
C) angle of the mouth
D) hyoid bone

Question 14

What can you tell about a muscle whose name includes the word serratus?

A) It is located on the medial side of the body.
B) Its appearance is serrated or jagged.
C) It is a supinator.
D) It is a large muscle.

Question 15

What influences the appearance and function of skeletal muscle?

A) arrangement of the pattern of fascicles
B) number of muscle cells in a motor unit
C) presence of endomysium around muscle cells
D) presence of perimysium around fascicles

Question 16

Where is the origin of the frontalis muscle?

A) frontal bone
B) occipital bone
C) epicranial aponeurosis
D) mandible

Question 17

What best describes fusiform skeletal muscle structure?

A) Fusiform muscles tend to be thicker in their belly and taper at their ends.
B) Fusiform muscles may wrap around a bone or have a twisted appearance.
C) Fusiform muscles have fascicles that feather out at one angle from a tendon.
D) Fusiform muscles are broad and taper to a single tendon.

Question 18

Muscles with a triangular shape, such as the pectoralis major muscle in the chest, typically have a:

A) parallel fascicle arrangement.
B) spiral fascicle arrangement.
C) unipennate fascicle arrangement.
D) convergent fascicle arrangement.

Question 19

How do most circular muscles function?

A) swallowing
B) levers
C) sphincters
D) breathing

Question 20

What type of muscle performs an anchoring function by holding a bone in place?

A) fixator
B) agonist
C) antagonist
D) synergist

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a muscle of respiration?

A) diaphragm
B) internal intercostal
C) external intercostal
D) external oblique

Question 22

Damage to the stylohyoid, mylohyoid, and geniohyoid impairs:

A) chewing.
B) swallowing.
C) lateral eye movements.
D) smiling.

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a muscle involved in the movement of the tongue to manipulate food while chewing and pushing the bolus of food into the throat?

A) styloglossus
B) stylohyoid
C) hyglossus
D) genioglossus

Question 24

The superior aspect of the pubic bones is the origin of:

A) rectus abdominis.
B) internal oblique.
C) external oblique.
D) rectus femoris.

Question 25

Which of the following muscles is NOT associated with the mouth?

A) depressor labii inferioris
B) depressor anguli oris
C) orbicularis oculi
D) orbicularis oris

Question 26

What is the proper position of the erector spinae muscles situated from medially to laterally relative to the axis of the vertebral column?

A) capitis, cervicis, thoracis
B) iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis
C) spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis
D) cervicis, thoracis, lumborum

Question 27

Damage to the trapezius would cause a person to have difficulty:

A) elevating the rib cage.
B) rotating the head.
C) extending the head.
D) flexing the head.

Question 28

Muscular walls of the thorax and abdomen are composed of:

A) gluteal muscles.
B) pectoralis muscles.
C) oblique and rectus muscles.
D) spinal erector muscles.

Question 29

Medial rotation of the eyeball is performed by the:

A) inferior rectus muscle.
B) superior rectus muscle.
C) medial rectus muscle.
D) inferior oblique muscle.

Question 30

What is NOT a bone to which the sternocleidomastoid muscle is attached?

A) sternum
B) clavicle
C) temporal bone
D) mandible

Question 31

Which muscle assists with smiling?

A) buccinator
B) orbicularis oculi
C) depressor anguli oris
D) zygomaticus major

Question 32

Which muscle works as an antagonist to orbicularis oculi?

A) levator palpebrae superioris
B) corrugator supercilii
C) zygomaticus minor
D) risorius

Question 33

The masseter and temporalis muscles provide much of the force for:

A) chewing.
B) swallowing.
C) smiling.
D) frowning.

Question 34

Which of the following is the action of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle?

A) Levator palpebrae superioris closes the eye.
B) Levator palpebrae superioris elevates the eyebrow.
C) Levator palpebrae superioris elevates, or opens, the upper eyelid.
D) Levator palpebrae superioris lifts the scapula.

Question 35

Which muscles forms the anterior surface of the neck?

A) trapezius
B) orbicularis oris
C) buccinator
D) platysma

Question 36

Which muscle is the agonist for sitting up?

A) rectus abdominis
B) external oblique
C) transversus abdominis
D) linea alba

Question 37

Identify the lateral rectus muscle.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 38

Identify the rectus abdominis muscle.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 39

From superficial to deep, the three muscles of the lateral abdominal wall are:

A) external oblique, internal oblique, rectus abdominis.
B) external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis.
C) rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique.
D) transversus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique.

Question 40

Damage to which of the following muscles would interfere most with the ability to breathe?

A) pterygoid
B) platysma
C) intercostals
D) obliques

Question 41

Which of the following extends the elbow?

A) brachialis
B) triceps brachii
C) biceps brachii
D) brachioradialis

Question 42

Which muscle assists with the erection of the penis and clitoris?

A) bulbospongiosus
B) superficial transverse perineal
C) pubococcygeus
D) levator ani

Question 43

Which muscles elevate the scapula?

A) pectoralis major and pectoralis minor
B) rhomboid major and rhomboid minor
C) pectoralis minor and serratus anterior
D) trapezius and levator scapulae

Question 44

Which of the following muscles does NOT adduct the thigh?

A) rectus femoris
B) pectineus
C) gracilis
D) adductor magnus

Question 45

Identify the brachialis muscle.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 46

Which muscle adducts the fingers?

A) palmar interossei
B) dorsal interossei
C) extensor indicis
D) flexor pollicis longus

Question 47

The levator ani inserts on the:

A) ischial spine.
B) sacrum.
C) coccyx.
D) iliac crest.

Question 48

Where does infraspinatus insert?

A) acromion and spine of the scapula
B) infraspinous fossa of the scapula
C) greater tubercle of the humerus
D) coracoid process of the scapula

Question 49

Which of the following is NOT a muscle of the rotator cuff?

A) teres minor
B) teres major
C) subscapularis
D) supraspinatus

Question 50

What is the action of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A) flex the wrist
B) flex the thumb
C) flex the little finger
D) flex the index finger

Question 51

Iliopsoas is formed by the union of two muscles known as:

A) sartorius and gracilis.
B) iliacus and psoas major.
C) pectineus and adductor magnus.
D) vastus medialis and vastus lateralis.

Question 52

Damage to the pectoralis major would interfere with a person's ability to:

A) adduct the humerus.
B) abduct the humerus.
C) extend the forearm.
D) elevate the scapula.

Question 53

Which of the following muscles extends the knee?

A) rectus femoris
B) adductor magnus
C) gracilis
D) sartorius

Question 54

Which muscle is a powerful agonist of adduction and medial rotation of the arm?

A) brachialis
B) latissimus dorsi
C) deltoid
D) pectoralis minor

Question 55

Identify the biceps femoris muscle.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 56

The vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius muscles insert on the:

A) patella and tibial tuberosity of the tibia.
B) greater trochanter of the femur.
C) superior margin of the acetabulum.
D) linea aspera of the femur.

Question 57

Which group is an antagonist to the hamstrings group?

A) gluteal muscle group
B) adductor muscle group
C) quadriceps femoris group
D) iliopsoas muscle group

Question 58

The deltoid is responsible for:

A) medially rotating the humerus.
B) extending the humerus.
C) adducting the arm.
D) abducting the arm.

Question 59

Muscles that move the thumb will be named using the term:

A) superficialis.
B) pollicis.
C) digiti.
D) carpi.

Question 60

Which muscle provides voluntary control of defecation?

A) levator ani
B) external anal sphincter
C) deep transverse perineal muscle
D) external urinary sphincter

Question 61

The medial rectus muscle and lateral rectus muscle pull the eye in the same direction.

Question 62

An agonist is a muscle that provides most of the force required for a given movement.

Question 63

The pharyngeal constrictor muscles propel food from the throat into the esophagus when swallowing.

Question 64

When climbing stairs, which muscles plantar flex your foot?

A) rectus femoris and sartorius
B) tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus
C) gluteus maximus and hamstrings
D) gastrocnemius and soleus

Question 65

From medial to lateral, what are the muscles of the hamstring group?

A) semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
B) semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris
C) biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus
D) semitendinosus, biceps femoris, semimembranosus

Question 66

When walking, which muscle flexes your forearm?

A) brachioradialis
B) deltoid
C) triceps brachii
D) teres major

Question 67

The prime mover of elbow flexion is biceps brachii.

Question 68

John experienced a cut that severs the tendon that attaches the insertion of the gastrocnemius muscle. As a result of this injury, what action is difficult for him to perform?

A) eversion of the foot
B) plantar flexion
C) inversion of the foot
D) dorsiflexion

Question 69

The union of the muscles of the quadriceps femoris group forms the quadriceps tendon, which continues on to form the patellar ligament.

Question 70

The superiorly positioned spinalis and longissimus groups of the erector spinae muscles each have a capitis muscle, cervicis muscle, and thoracis muscle.

Question 71

A muscle that dorsiflexes the foot is the:

A) soleus.
B) tibialis posterior.
C) gastrocnemius.
D) tibialis anterior.

Question 72

The muscle named gluteus maximus tells us two facts: 1) it is located in the buttocks (gluteus), and 2) it is a large muscle (maximus).

Question 73

The quadriceps femoris group includes all of the following EXCEPT:

A) vastus lateralis.
B) vastus intermedius.
C) vastus medialis.
D) biceps femoris.

Question 74

Unipennate muscles have fascicles that wrap around a bone or have a twisted appearance.

Question 75

The external urinary sphincter provides involuntary control of urination.

Question 76

When climbing stairs, which muscle or muscle group flexes your knee?

A) quadriceps femoris group
B) hamstring group
C) tibialis anterior
D) iliopsoas

Question 77

Which muscle abducts the thigh, medially rotates the thigh, and stabilizes the pelvis during walking?

A) gluteus minimus
B) obturator externus
C) semimembranosus
D) biceps femoris

Question 78

Which muscle is an antagonist to the gastrocnemius muscle?

A) tibialis anterior
B) extensor digitorum longus
C) plantaris
D) soleus

Question 79

A first ^-class lever has the fulcrum situated farther from the point of the applied force, with the load to be moved in between.

Question 80

Each of the following muscles acts to flex the leg, EXCEPT:

A) vastus lateralis.
B) gracilis.
C) semitendinosus.
D) sartorius.