Deck 5: Toddlerhood Ages 1 to 3

Question 1

Symptoms of _____ in toddlers include severe distress, worry, or fear leading to impairment of functioning. These symptoms are often accompanied by headaches and nausea. Choices:

A) separation anxiety
B) conduct disorder
C) oppositional defiant disorder
D) depression

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following techniques exemplifies the use of cognitive therapy with toddlers? Choices:

A) playing games
B) providing hugs and praise
C) withholding dessert when the child misbehaves
D) encouraging use of a transitional object

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following is not a possible cause for toddlers to struggle with social skills? Choices:

A) speech problems
B) autism
C) helping the child feed himself or herself
D) a nonsupportive caregiver

Answer 3

C

Question 4

When children engage in _____ between the ages of 2 and 3, they learn basic social skills like compromise and mutual support. Choices:

A) play
B) interactive media
C) classical conditioning
D) behavior modification therapy

Question 5

Children who become quiet, cry, or hide behind a parent when a new person approaches may be experiencing _____. Choices:

A) separation anxiety
B) stranger anxiety
C) depression
D) conduct disorder

Question 6

_____ places emphasis on teaching and making children aware of the consequences for their actions. Choices:

A) Punishment
B) Classical conditioning
C) Discipline
D) Operant conditioning

Question 7

Between the ages of _____ and _____ months, in particular, most children dramatically increase their use of language. Choices:

A) 12, 18
B) 9, 12
C) 30, 36
D) 20, 24

Question 8

A major theme running through toddlerhood is the increasing movement toward _____, including mastery and control over oneself and one's environment. Choices:

A) confidence
B) responsibility
C) autonomy
D) self-efficacy

Question 9

Constant criticism, threats, or rejection, as well as withholding love, support, or guidance to one's child are examples of _____. Choices:

A) sexual abuse
B) emotional abuse
C) physical abuse
D) child exploitation

Question 10

_____ theory explains how individuals become gendered in society and how sex-linked characteristics are maintained by culture. Choices:

A) Gender schema
B) Attachment
C) Social learning
D) Psychosexual

Question 11

_____, begin(s) to develop at about _____. Choices:

A) Empathy, 12 months
B) Parallel play, 12 months
C) Circadian rhythms, 6 weeks
D) Throwing tantrums when things go wrong as a communication tool, 4 months

Question 12

During toddlerhood, children engage in _____ play, which is play in the presence of, rather than in interaction with, other children. Choices:

A) imaginative
B) detached
C) parallel
D) dramatic

Question 13

Toddlers need about _____ hours of sleep per 24-hour period. Choices:

A) 6 to 8
B) 12 to 14
C) 15 to 17
D) 9 to 11

Question 14

Which of the following may cause toddlers to struggle with toilet training? Choices:

A) desire to imitate others
B) ability to hold urine for extended periods of time
C) parental empathy
D) loud flushing sound of the toilet

Question 15

At _____ years of age, children typically reach the _____ stage of gender identity development, when they understand that they will always be a boy or a girl. Choices:

A) 1 to 2, physical difference
B) 4, child identity
C) 4, sense of self
D) 3, gender stability

Question 16

_____ can be defined as an internal conflict where the individual desires to be the opposite sex. Choices:

A) OCD
B) IDEA
C) GID
D) ADD

Question 17

A caregiver's failure to provide necessary medical or mental health treatment for the child is an example of _____. Choices:

A) psychological abuse
B) emotional abuse
C) sexual abuse
D) neglect

Question 18

By what age do children begin to develop memories? Choices:

A) 18 months
B) 9 months
C) 4 years
D) 3 years

Question 19

By _____ months, a child can mold play dough, put round and square pegs into holes, and turn rotating handles. Choices:

A) 16
B) 24
C) 12
D) 9

Question 20

By what age do children respond to directions, begin to use objects as tools, and solve simple problems such as using one object to reach another? Choices:

A) 3 years
B) 18 months
C) 9 months
D) 4 years

Question 21

Compared to infancy, physical development seems slow during the toddler years.

Question 22

Discuss three (3) possible strategies counselors can use when working with toddlers on social skills. Explain why you would use these strategies in your counseling practice.

Question 23

A consistent routine at bedtime will lower stress levels and create steps that are anticipated by the toddler.

Question 24

Discuss an effective time-out strategy for toddlers, and explain how you would assist parents in employing this strategy as a counselor.

Question 25

As a counselor, you are mandated to report any reasonable suspicion of child abuse.

Question 26

Name and describe any principle of effective discipline.

Question 27

The primary difference between abusive and nonabusive parents is the frequency and intensity with which parents direct negative behavior toward their child.

Question 28

Early childhood educators tend to reflect more on up-to-date research and their training rather than reflecting on their own upbringing when suggesting disciplinary practices for toddlers' parents.

Question 29

Biting is a typical normal behavior for many toddlers.

Question 30

Research documents the many social benefits of introducing educational media for children under the age of 2.

Question 31

For parents who are attempting to transition their toddler to sleep alone, TVs, computers, and any other electronic devices may be helpful if left in the child's room to create an environment that does not make the child feel alone.