Deck 13: The Peripheral Nervous System

Question 1

What is the outermost connective tissue covering of a nerve?

A)perineurium
B)endoneurium
C)epineurium
D)epimysium

Answer 1

C

Question 2

What is the name of cranial nerve VIII?

A)trigeminal nerve
B)facial nerve
C)vestibulocochlear nerve
D)glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Loss of balance and equilibrium can indicate damage to the:

A)hypoglossal nerve (XII).
B)accessory nerve (XI).
C)trochlear nerve (IV).
D)vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII).

Answer 3

D

Question 4

An inability to swallow indicates a problem with the:

A)accessory nerve (XI)or hypoglossal nerve (XII).
B)trigeminal nerve (V)or glossopharyngeal nerve (IX).
C)olfactory nerve (I).
D)trochlear nerve (IV)or abducens nerve (VI).

Question 5

Which cranial nerve detects smell?

A)olfactory nerve (I)
B)trochlear nerve (IV)
C)oculomotor nerve (III)
D)optic nerve (II)

Question 6

The vagus nerve is represented by Roman numeral:

A)X)
B)XII.
C)I)
D)V)

Question 7

The sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system are divisions of the:

A)somatic motor division.
B)visceral motor division (or autonomic nervous system,ANS).
C)visceral sensory division.
D)somatic sensory division.

Question 8

What connective tissue sheath wraps the axon of a neuron?

A)endoneurium
B)fascicle
C)perineurium
D)epineurium

Question 9

Ms.Parker has damage to the sensory root of the facial nerve (VII).Which of the following symptoms matches this information?

A)inability to smell
B)inability to taste
C)inability to swallow
D)inability to elevate the mandible

Question 10

The cranial nerves that have neural connections with the tongue include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)facial nerve (VII).
B)glossopharyngeal nerve (IX).
C)trochlear nerve (IV).
D)trigeminal nerve (V).

Question 11

The geniculate ganglion is one of several ganglia that house cell bodies of the sensory root of the:

A)facial nerve (VII).
B)trigeminal nerve (V).
C)vagus nerve (X).
D)glossopharyngeal nerve (IX).

Question 12

Which division of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)detects stimuli and carries them to the central nervous system (CNS)?

A)autonomic
B)motor
C)sympathetic
D)sensory

Question 13

You feel a mosquito land on your arm.This stimulus is carried to the central nervous system (CNS)by the:

A)visceral motor division (autonomic nervous system).
B)visceral sensory division.
C)somatic sensory division.
D)somatic motor division.

Question 14

Which cranial nerve is generally thought of as a mixed nerve?

A)accessory nerve (XI)
B)vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)
C)glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)
D)hypoglossal nerve (XII)

Question 15

Bundles of axons within a nerve are known as:

A)the perineurium.
B)the endoneurium.
C)dendrites.
D)fascicles.

Question 16

Mixed nerves house:

A)motor neurons only.
B)somatic neurons only.
C)both sensory and motor neurons.
D)sensory neurons only.

Question 17

What specific spinal nerve branch controls the movement of rectus abdominis,a skeletal muscle on the anterior surface of the body?

A)posterior root
B)posterior (dorsal)root ganglion
C)anterior ramus
D)posterior ramus

Question 18

Which of the following houses motor neurons?

A)anterior root of spinal nerve
B)central canal of the spinal cord
C)posterior root of spinal nerve
D)posterior root ganglion

Question 19

Where is the motor response initiated?

A)lower motor neurons of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)
B)motor areas of the brain
C)spinal nerves
D)cranial nerves

Question 20

Which cranial nerve is NOT involved in eye movement?

A)vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)
B)abducens nerve (VI)
C)trochlear nerve (IV)
D)oculomotor nerve (III)

Question 21

Potentially damaging stimuli that result in pain are selectively detected by:

A)nociceptors.
B)proprioceptors.
C)photoreceptors.
D)chemoreceptors.

Question 22

Sensory receptors that adapt to stimuli after a certain period of time are:

A)thermoreceptors.
B)slowly adapting receptors.
C)nociceptors.
D)rapidly adapting receptors.

Question 23

Olfactory receptors depolarize in response to an odorant,turning a stimulus into an electrical signal.This conversion is known as:

A)repolarization.
B)adaptation.
C)propagation.
D)sensory transduction.

Question 24

The phrenic nerve is a member of the:

A)cervical plexus.
B)sacral plexus.
C)brachial plexus.
D)lumbar plexus.

Question 25

A network of nerves is known as a:

A)root.
B)plexus.
C)ramus.
D)horn.

Question 26

Photoreceptors are found only in the:

A)nose.
B)mouth.
C)ear.
D)eye.

Question 27

Mechanoreceptors might detect which of the following sensations?

A)smell
B)pressure
C)light
D)temperature

Question 28

Which muscle or muscle group is served by the femoral nerve?

A)gastrocnemius
B)hamstring group
C)gluteus maximus
D)quadriceps femoris group

Question 29

Your wrap your hands around a warm cup of hot chocolate.This sensation is detected by a:

A)hair follicle receptor.
B)thermoreceptor.
C)photoreceptor.
D)chemoreceptor.

Question 30

The longest and largest nerve in the body belongs to the sacral plexus and is known as the:

A)sciatic nerve.
B)axillary nerve.
C)common fibular nerve.
D)femoral nerve.

Question 31

During a boxing match,Sammy was hit on the side of the neck.He stopped breathing temporarily due to damage to the:

A)brachial plexus.
B)lumbar plexus.
C)sacral plexus.
D)cervical plexus.

Question 32

Which of the following is INCORRECT about the numbers of spinal nerves?

A)12 pairs of thoracic spinal nerves
B)5 pairs of sacral spinal nerves
C)7 pairs of cervical spinal nerves
D)5 pairs of lumbar spinal nerves

Question 33

The stretch of a full urinary bladder is detected by a(n):

A)interoceptor.
B)photoreceptor.
C)exteroceptor.
D)thermoreceptor.

Question 34

Which of the following parts of a spinal nerve carries sensory information only?

A)posterior (dorsal)root
B)posterior ramus
C)anterior ramus
D)anterior root

Question 35

Sensory transduction occurs in:

A)lower motor neurons.
B)PNS sensory neurons.
C)CNS interneurons.
D)upper motor neurons.

Question 36

The anterior root and posterior root fuse to form a(n):

A)posterior horn.
B)posterior (dorsal)root ganglion.
C)spinal nerve.
D)anterior horn.

Question 37

Striking the "funny" bone is actually stimulation (or injury)to the:

A)ulnar nerve.
B)axillary nerve.
C)median nerve.
D)radial nerve.

Question 38

Which plexus provides motor and sensory innervation to the upper limb?

A)sacral plexus
B)lumbar plexus
C)brachial plexus
D)cranial plexus

Question 39

Which mechanoreceptor detects deep pressure?

A)Ruffini ending
B)tactile corpuscle
C)Merkel cell fiber
D)lamellated corpuscle

Question 40

Which of the following does NOT belong to the brachial plexus?

A)ulnar nerve
B)median nerve
C)phrenic nerve
D)musculocutaneous nerve

Question 41

Place the following steps in order for motor control. 1.Upper motor neurons stimulate lower motor neurons.
2)Sensory information is relayed back to the cerebellum so movement can be modified if needed.
3)Upper motor neurons in the premotor cortex select a motor program.
4)Lower motor neurons stimulate a skeletal muscle to contract.
5)The basal nuclei enable the thalamus to stimulate upper motor neurons of the primary cortex.

A)2,5,3,1,4
B)3,5,1,2,4
C)3,5,1,4,2
D)5,3,1,4,2

Question 42

Which of the following does NOT characterize a reflex?

A)Reflexes require a stimulus to initiate a motor response.
B)A reflex is an automatic response to a stimulus.
C)The motor response to a stimulus is rapid.
D)Neural integration of a reflex usually occurs in the PNS.

Question 43

What part of the nervous system integrates and interprets information from PNS sensory neurons?

A)visceral motor division,or autonomic nervous system (ANS)
B)sensory (afferent)division
C)central nervous system (CNS)
D)somatic nervous system (SNS)

Question 44

What type of neuron contacts a muscle fiber and initiates a muscle contraction?

A)sensory neuron
B)upper motor neuron
C)lower motor neuron
D)interneuron

Question 45

Ms.Carroll went to her doctor's office with pain in her right shoulder blade and learned she was having a gallbladder attack.You're not surprised to hear about the unusual location of her pain since it is known as:

A)the receptive field.
B)chronic pain.
C)phantom limb pain.
D)referred pain.

Question 46

A test known as two-point discrimination threshold measures:

A)the type of sensory neuron serving a region of skin.
B)the type of mechanoreceptor being stimulated.
C)the amount of pressure we can sustain before feeling pain.
D)the relative size of receptive fields.

Question 47

What reflex causes muscle relaxation?

A)Golgi tendon reflex
B)stretch reflex
C)crossed-extension reflex
D)flexion (withdrawal)reflex

Question 48

Which of the following must occur first in a reflex arc?

A)detection by receptor and delivery of stimulus
B)integration in the central nervous system (CNS)
C)delivery of motor response to effector
D)transmission from the primary motor cortex

Question 49

The speed of nerve impulse transmission through the axon of a sensory neuron will be quickest in:

A)axons with a greater receptive field.
B)a small-diameter,unmyelinated axon.
C)axons that adapt to stimuli.
D)a large-diameter,myelinated axon.

Question 50

What type of sensory receptors are muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs?

A)thermoreceptor
B)mechanoreceptor
C)chemoreceptors
D)nociceptor

Question 51

The inability to produce a gag reflex could indicate a problem with the:

A)abducens nerve (VI)or trochlear nerve (IV).
B)glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)or vagus nerve (X).
C)hypoglossal nerve (XII)or vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII).
D)facial nerve (VII)or trigeminal nerve (V).

Question 52

A typical somatic sensory neuron is classified as a:

A)first-order neuron.
B)second-order neuron.
C)third-order neuron.
D)lower neuron.

Question 53

Determine the polysynaptic reflex from this list of examples.

A)flexion (withdrawal)reflex
B)simple stretch reflex
C)patellar (knee-jerk)reflex
D)jaw-jerk reflex

Question 54

What type of motor neuron stimulates skeletal muscle fibers to contract by the excitation-contraction mechanism?

A)a-motor neuron
B)upper motor neuron
C)interneuron
D)y-motor neuron

Question 55

Visceral pain may be perceived as cutaneous pain,a phenomenon known as:

A)phantom limb pain.
B)referred pain.
C)slowly adapting reception.
D)the receptive field.

Question 56

A simple reflex with only a single synapse between the sensory and motor neurons is known as a:

A)monosynaptic reflex.
B)somatic reflex.
C)visceral reflex.
D)polysynaptic reflex.

Question 57

Motor neuron pools consist of:

A)lower motor neurons.
B)secondary afferent neurons.
C)upper motor neurons.
D)primary afferent neurons.

Question 58

Regions of skin supplied by a spinal nerve for somatic sensation are known as:

A)lines of cleavage.
B)dermatomes.
C)the ABCDE rule.
D)the rule of nines.

Question 59

What connects the upper motor neurons to lower motor neurons?

A)interneurons
B)primary afferent neuron
C)sensory neurons
D)muscle fibers

Question 60

What is NOT true of muscle spindles?

A)Muscle spindles are receptors for the stretch reflex.
B)Muscle spindles are embedded within extrafusal muscle fibers.
C)Muscle spindles are found within tendons.
D)The contractile poles of intrafusal fibers within muscle spindles are innervated by y-motor neurons.

Question 61

Receptive field maps show the regions of skin and the spinal nerve that supplies somatic sensation to them.

Question 62

Which of the following complements the flexion (withdrawal)reflex?

A)gag reflex
B)stretch reflex
C)crossed-extension reflex
D)Golgi tendon reflex

Question 63

The lumbar nerve plexuses arise from the anterior rami of L₁ - L₄ and innervate structures of the pelvis and lower limb.

Question 64

Discuss the functions of the two main divisions of the peripheral nervous system (PNS).

Question 65

List and describe the connective tissue sheaths that make up a nerve.

Question 66

All cranial nerves are considered mixed nerves.

Question 67

The first pair of cranial nerves is the optic nerve (I).

Question 68

Interoceptors detect stimuli from the inside of the body,such as blood pressure,stretch of a full urinary bladder,and the body's temperature.

Question 69

The posterior (dorsal)root of a spinal nerve and the posterior ramus are considered mixed nerves since they both carry sensory and motor information.

Question 70

Proprioceptors are located in the musculoskeletal system where they detect the movement and position of a joint or body part.

Question 71

The central nervous system (CNS)processes sensory input and transmits the impulses through the peripheral nervous system (PNS)to effectors for motor output.

Question 72

List the 12 pairs of cranial nerves,in numerical order,with their corresponding Roman numerals.

Question 73

Upper motor neurons directly contact and stimulate skeletal muscle fibers to contract.

Question 74

The visceral motor division (autonomic nervous system,or ANS)controls the body's voluntary motor functions.

Question 75

The trigeminal nerve (V)has three nerve branches: optic nerve,maxillary nerve,and oculomotor nerve.

Question 76

In the crossed-extension reflex,if the right leg flexes,then the left leg:

A)extends.
B)abducts.
C)adducts.
D)flexes.

Question 77

Cranial nerves and spinal nerves are the two types of nerves found in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).

Question 78

Polysynaptic reflexes involve multiple synapses while monosynaptic reflexes only involve a single synapse.

Question 79

Motor control is initiated by lower motor neurons and transmitted to upper motor neurons by interneurons situated within the CNS.

Question 80

What cranial nerves are involved in the sensory and the motor roles for the corneal blink reflex?

A)trigeminal nerve (V)as sensory; facial nerve (VII)as motor
B)trochlear nerve (IV)as sensory,abducens nerve (VI)as motor
C)optic nerve (II)as sensory,oculomotor nerve (III)as motor
D)glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)as sensory,oculomotor nerve (III)as motor