Deck 14: Bipolar Spectrum Disorders and Schizophrenia

Question 1

Imagine that your 12-year-old cousin has been recently diagnosed with a bipolar disorder. His mother (your sister) wants to know what his outcome might be. Based on the results of the Course and Outcome of Bipolar Youth (COBY) study, what might you tell your sister?

A)Most youths recover from their initial mood episode and remain relatively symptom free.
B)Most youths recover from their initial mood episode and remain relatively symptom free as long as they adhere to mood stabilizing medication and behavior therapy.
C)Most youths recover from their initial mood episode but experience additional episodes later only, usually depression.
D)Most youths never recover from their initial mood episode and have persistent problems with mania and depression.

Answer 1

Most youths recover from their initial mood episode but experience additional episodes later only, usually depression

Question 2

Based on the most recent studies, presented in the text, which class of medication is most effective in treating children and adolescents with Bipolar Disorder?

A)Mood stabilizers (e.g., Lithium)
B)Anticonvulsants (e.g., Depakote)
C)Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., Risperdal)
D)Antidepressants (e.g., Prozac)

Answer 2

Atypical antipsychotics (eg, Risperdal

Question 3

According to several longitudinal studies presented in the text, which of the following are the most common premorbid symptoms shown by children and adolescents later diagnosed with Schizophrenia?

A)Minor or transient auditory hallucinations
B)Strange, odd, or magical beliefs
C)Mood problems, such as irritability
D)Delays in language acquisition and academic skills

Answer 3

Delays in language acquisition and academic skills

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of an extrapyramidal side effect caused by conventional antipsychotic medication?

A)Tardive dyskinesia
B)General aphasia
C)Specific agnosia
D)Nystagmus

Question 5

Emma is a 12-year-old girl who has experienced two episodes of mania, each lasting approximately 10 days. During these episodes, she also experienced occasional symptoms of depression that were not numerous or severe enough to meet criteria for a major depressive episode. Which DSM-5 disorder best describes Emma's symptoms?

A)Bipolar I Disorder
B)Bipolar I Disorder with Mixed Features
C)Bipolar II Disorder
D)Cyclothymic Disorder

Question 6

Which of the following is usually NOT a prodromal symptom of pediatric bipolar disorders?

A)Oppositional behavior
B)Sleep problems
C)Hypersexuality
D)Bed wetting

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true regarding the presentation of mania in children and adolescents?

A)Children with bipolar disorder are not capable of showing grandiosity or inflated self-esteem.
B)Children with bipolar disorder who show hypersexuality often have histories of sexual maltreatment.
C)Children with bipolar disorder often appear irritable, touchy, or angry rather than elateD)
D)Bipolar Disorder in children is more heritable than Bipolar Disorder in adults.

Question 8

Margaret is a 14-year-old girl who has experienced brief hypomanic episodes, each lasting 2-3 days in length. During these mood episodes, she was touchy, irritable, and very active and talkative. She also showed decreased need for sleep. However, these episodes were not associated with psychotic symptoms or require hospitalization. Which DSM-5 disorder likely best describes Margaret's symptoms?

A)Bipolar I Disorder
B)Bipolar II Disorder
C)Cyclothymic Disorder
D)Other Specified Bipolar Disorder

Question 9

In Psychoeducational Psychotherapy (PEP), what is "naming the enemy?"

A)Children with mood disorders identify and try to correct negative thoughts about themselves and others.
B)Children learn to identify triggers that typically elicit manic or depressive episodes.
C)Children are taught to see their mood problem as the result of genetics and a "chemical imbalance" in the brain.
D)Children view their mood problems as something external to themselves - something that must be targeted in treatment.

Question 10

Which of the following statements best describes the mesocortical pathway of individuals with Schizophrenia?

A)There is excess dopamine secretion in the frontal lobe of the brain.
B)There is unusual sensitivity to dopamine along the striatum.
C)There is under-activity among certain dopamine receptors.
D)There is over-activity of the limbic system and amygdalA)

Question 11

The primary difference between Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia is...

A)Bipolar Disorder is often associated with the presence of psychotic symptoms whereas Schizophrenia is not.
B)Bipolar Disorder can be diagnosed in children and adolescents whereas Schizophrenia is diagnosed only in adults.
C)Bipolar Disorder reflects underlying mood problems whereas Schizophrenia reflects underlying thought problems.
D)children with Bipolar Disorder can experience depression whereas children with Schizophrenia usually do not experience depression.

Question 12

A recent meta-analysis investigating the effectiveness for cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for youths with Schizophrenia showed….

A)CBT is generally not more effective than supportive therapy.
B)CBT is more effective than supportive therapy but not more effective than medication.
C)CBT is more effective than supportive therapy and medication.
D)CBT should not be used with children and adolescents who have SchizophreniA)

Question 13

A primary difference between Bipolar I and Bipolar II disorders is...

A)a hypomanic episode is required for Bipolar I Disorder.
B)the duration of the manic episode is longer in Bipolar I disorder than in Bipolar II Disorder.
C)the list of symptoms that characterize mania is different for Bipolar I disorder.
D)the person must never have experienced a manic episode for Bipolar II Disorder.

Question 14

Which of the following statements best describes the role of cannabis in the development of Schizophrenia?

A)Youths who use cannabis are at increased risk for Schizophrenia, but only if the use cannabis in childhood or early adolescence.
B)Youths who use cannabis are at increased risk for Schizophrenia, but only if they inherit a certain genotype.
C)Youths with Schizophrenia are at increased risk for cannabis use problems.
D)Cannabis use and Schizophrenia are corrected, but the direction of effects is unknown.

Question 15

Which of the following is the most common symptom shown by children and adolescents with Schizophrenia?

A)Delusions
B)Hallucinations
C)Disorganized speech
D)Disorganized behavior

Question 16

Which of the following provides the best example of expressed emotion in a family of an adolescent with Schizophenia?

A)Mom says, "Why can't you act responsible, like other kids your age?"
B)Dad says, "I love you, but it hurts me when you act this way."
C)Mom and dad encourage their daughter with Schizophrenia to share her experiences with them so they can understand and be more supportive.
D)Mom and dad share their own feelings with their daughter with Schizophrenia, so she might understand why they become frustrated and angry.

Question 17

Social rhythm therapy involves...

A)helping adolescents with bipolar disorders maintain regular sleep-wake cycles.
B)helping adolescents with bipolar disorder make and keep supportive friendships.
C)helping adolescents with bipolar disorder decrease expressed emotion in their family.
D)helping adolescents with bipolar disorder improve their social information processing and conflict resolution skills.

Question 18

A behavioral contract refers to...

A)a written agreement between family members that specifies each member's behavior and the consequences for failing to live up to the agreement.
B)a written agreement between a client and a therapist that specifies how the client will adhere to his or her medication.
C)a written agreement between a parent and an adolescent with bipolar disorder that helps the family monitor the adolescent's mood states.
D)a written agreement between a parent and an adolescent with bipolar disorder that helps the family monitor the adolescent's compliance with medication.

Question 19

The most frequently-occurring disorder among children with Bipolar Disorder is...

A)Oppositional Defiant Disorder
B)ADHD
C)Major Depressive Disorder
D)Disruptive Behavior Dysregulation Disorder