Deck 7: Learning Disabilities and Specific Learning Disorder

Question 1

According to information presented in the text, the prognosis of children with learning disabilities is predicted by all of the following EXCEPT:

A)the ability to receive high quality treatment in early elementary school.
B)the child's level of parental support.
C)the child's IQ.
D)the child's personal resiliency.

Answer 1

A)the ability to receive high quality treatment in early elementary school.
B)the child's level of parental support.
C)the child's IQ.
D)the child's personal resiliency.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a weakness of the IQ-achievement discrepancy method to assess learning disabilities?

A)The IQ-achievement discrepancy method does not reliably differentiate youth with and without learning disabilities.
B)Youth with significant IQ-achievement discrepancies do not show different patterns of cognitive abilities than youth who fall short of the IQ-achievement discrepancy cutoff.
C)Youth with reading problems who do and who do not show significant IQ-achievement discrepancies show similar outcomes.
D)The IQ-achievement discrepancy method is only a valid means of identifying Specific Learning Disorder, not learning disabilities more generally.

Answer 2

The IQ-achievement discrepancy method is only a valid means of identifying Specific Learnin g Disorder , learning disabilities more generally

Question 3

Phonemic awareness refers to...

A)children's understanding that spoken language can be broken down into sounds.
B)children's understanding that there is a correspondence between sounds and letters.
C)children's understanding that word-sounds follow organized rules.
D)children's understanding that the visual depiction of words translates in to specific word sounds.

Answer 3

children's understanding that spoken language can be broken down into sounds

Question 4

The current definition of learning disabilities is included in...

A)the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act.
B)the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act.
C)the Education for All Handicapped Children Act.
D)the DSM-5.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT one of the weaknesses of the research studies supporting Reading Recovery?

A)Attrition in these studies was very high.
B)Teachers who administered Reading Recovery had more training than teachers in the control group.
C)Reading Recovery shows less efficacy when used with children who have reading problems.
D)Reading Recovery shows less efficacy when used with ethnic minority children who have reading problems.

Question 6

Before asking her students to read a story about hieroglyphics, a teacher presents her students with information about ancient papyrus and the history of writing. Then, she asks them to recall all that they know about ancient Egypt. Which of the following statements is true?

A)The teacher is using "cooperative learning" to improve reading fluency.
B)The teacher is using "cooperative learning" to improve reading comprehension.
C)The teacher is using "activating background knowledge" to improve reading fluency.
D)The teacher is using "activating background knowledge" to improve reading comprehension.

Question 7

The most common type of learning disability among school age children is...

A)Reading disability
B)Mathematics disability
C)Writing disability
D)Oral language disability

Question 8

Based on information presented in the text, children with reading problems show the best outcomes when...

A)they show significant increases in activity in the right frontal cortex.
B)they participate in whole word reading instruction.
C)they participate in direct instruction in phomemic awareness and phonics.
D)they participate in whole language reading instruction.

Question 9

In DSM-5, a child can be diagnosed with Specific Reading Disorder in all of the following areas EXCEPT….

A)Reading
B)Writing
C)Mathematics
D)Oral Language.

Question 10

According to Geary and Hoard's (2005) developmental model for Mathematics Disorder, children's difficulty with mathematics may be due to all of the following EXCEPT:

A)children's language skills.
B)children's sensory integration skills.
C)children's visual-spatial skills.

Question 11

Self-Regulated Strategy Development is an evidence-based intervention used to improve children's....

A)Basic reading skills
B)Reading fluency skills
C)Reading comprehension skills
D)Writing skills

Question 12

Dyslexia is a term that some professionals used to describe deficits in …

A)Word reading and reading fluency.
B)Reading comprehension.
C)Written expression.
D)Visual processing or graphemes.

Question 13

Which of the following procedures does NOT reflect higher-order math skills?

A)Use of the counting-on strategy
B)Use of direct retrieval
C)Mathematical problem-solving
D)Awareness of numerosity

Question 14

Which of the following provides the clearest example of phonemic mediation.

A)Visual cues from the story help children sound out words and determine their meaning.
B)Contextual cues from the story help children sound out words and determine their meaning.
C)Children sound out words and determine whether the word makes sense in the sentence.
D)Children sound out words and determine whether the graphemes associated with the spoken word make sense in the context of the sentence.

Question 15

Which of the following provides the best example of a pseuodoword?

A)Dog-fly
B)amnirate
C)vbrasiuugks
D)incinerate