Deck 2: Basic Theoretical Concepts

Question 1

___________ are common inclinations to certain behaviors, beliefs, or worldviews, by a social group that serve to distinguish ethnic groups.

A)Facial differences
B)Out-group differences
C)Cultural dimensions
D)Ethnic differences

Answer 1

Cultural dimensions

Question 2

Which of the following statements BEST exemplifies the relationship between "gender" and "sex?"

A)Both are different in that gender is biologically defined, and sex is socially defined.
B)Both are similar in that both are defined by social perceptions of male and female
C)Both are different in that sex is biologically defined, and gender is socially defined
D)Both are similar in that they stem from Weber's distributive system model

Answer 2

Both are different in that sex is biologically defined, and gender is socially defined

Question 3

In western societies, a/an ________ parenting style is encouraged to facilitate in the child's independent exploration of the world.

A)Authoritative
B)Authoritarian
C)Permissive
D)Negligent

Answer 3

Authoritative

Question 4

Which of the following statements reflects the difference between a minority group and a dominant group?

A)The population in the dominant group outnumbers the population in the minority group
B)Minority and dominant group status focus on race
C)The dominant group are aborigine's, whereas the minority group are immigrants
D)The minority group lacks access to society's resources, whereas the dominant group is socially advantaged

Question 5

Researchers suggest that people tend to feel that the good are rewarded and the bad are punished.Which of the following concepts best reflects this finding?

A)Just-world hypothesis
B)Fair-world hypothesis
C)Moral-world hypothesis
D)Noble-world hypothesis

Question 6

Which of the following statements is NOT a danger of adhering to the just-world hypothesis?

A)Assessment of one's own privilege
B)Blaming the victim
C)Fundamental attribution error
D)False sense of security

Question 7

Which of the following statements BEST characterizes the concept of race?

A)Historically, race is a new concept introduced in the early 20^th century
B)Race is a biological concept
C)Categorizing individuals within a race has become increasingly difficult
D)Greater differences are identified across races than within races

Question 8

Although Annikah possesses female biological organs, she feels more like a male.Her thoughts can be best characterized by which concept?

A)Gender
B)Sex
C)Machismo
D)Feminism

Question 9

Which of the following does NOT relate to the concept of "ethnocentrism?"

A)In-group bias
B)Allocentrism
C)Racism
D)Prejudice

Question 10

Which of the following does NOT reflect "social stratification?"

A)A hierarchical system based on access to resources
B)Less industrialized countries possess egalitarian class systems
C)Stratification can be based on many different dimensions
D)A "caste" system is a type of social stratification

Question 11

Which of the following statements BEST reflects the concept of an "out-group?"

A)Dissimilar groups are subjected to disapproval
B)Similar groups are subjected to disapproval
C)Dissimilar groups are subjected to approval
D)Similar groups are subjected to approval

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a social dimension associated with collectivism?

A)Personal sacrifice
B)Sharing resources
C)Personal gain
D)Conformity

Question 13

Which of the following statements reflect the relationship between "culture" and "ethnicity?"

A)Ethnicity is a broader concept that includes culture
B)Culture influences ethnic identity
C)Culture and ethnicity are completely unrelated constructs
D)Culture and ethnicity are both defined by a person's nationality and ancestry

Question 14

The main difference between an individual's interdependent and independent construals of the self is ___________.

A)The perceived biological makeup of the individual
B)The reference point they base their actions
C)The in-group/out-group biases
D)The individual's level of familialism

Question 15

Nationality and ancestry are similar in that both _________.

A)Are defined by a person's country of birth or descent
B)Refer to the person's culture
C)Include the person's ethnic background
D)Express a person's race

Question 16

Which of the following statements does NOT reflect the concept of ethnicity?

A)Differentiation of in-groups and out-groups
B)Emphasis on individual identities
C)Stereotypes of out-group members
D)Rooted in the ethnic conscious movements

Question 17

_________ constructs have both ________ dimensions attitudes, beliefs, and values)and _______ dimensions social structures, and institutions).

A)Unidimensional, dynamic, static
B)Ethnic, external, internal
C)Multidimensional, internal, external
D)Multidimensional, external, internal

Question 18

Which of the following statements BEST reflects the concept of "familialism?"

A)The ethnicity of an individual's family
B)The ancestry of an individual's family
C)The devotion of an individual's family
D)The study of an individual's family

Question 19

Generally, culture is characterized as a_______ construct that _______.

A)Limited, involves a small number of people
B)Multidimensional, consists of many different elements
C)Static, does not change over time
D)Dynamic, changes constantly

Question 20

________ refers to cultures that value the individual but ________.

A)Horizontal individualism, also the societal hierarchical structure,
B)Vertical individualism, also social competitiveness
C)Lateral individualism, not necessarily the hierarchical structure
D)Top-down individualism, not necessarily social competitiveness