Deck 10: Central Nervous System, Spinal Nerves, and Cranial Nerves

Question 1

The portion of the brain stem that is continuous with the spinal cord is the

A)cerebrum
B)pons
C)medulla oblongata
D)midbrain
E)cerebellum

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Common effectors in autonomic reflexes include

A)skeletal muscle
B)smooth muscle
C)cardiac muscle
D)both skeletal muscle and smooth muscle
E)both smooth muscle and cardiac muscle

Answer 2

E

Question 3

The innermost layer of the meninges is the

A)pia mater
B)arachnoid mater
C)dura mater
D)subarachnoid space
E)subdural layer

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The cerebral peduncles attach the cerebrum to the

A)pons
B)medulla
C)midbrain
D)insula
E)hypothalamus

Question 5

Damage to the choroid plexus would interfere with

A)myelin production.
B)formation of cerebrospinal fluid.
C)glycogen storage.
D)motor movements of the upper limbs.
E)impulse conduction.

Question 6

The nucleus of facial (VII)nerve is located in the

A)pons
B)medulla oblongata
C)midbrain
D)cerebellum
E)cerebrum

Question 7

The axillary nerve emerges from the

A)cervical plexus
B)brachial plexus
C)intercostal nerves
D)lumbar plexus
E)sacral plexus

Question 8

Which of the following components of a reflex arc would a muscle or gland most likely serve as?

A)receptor
B)integrating center
C)sensory neuron
D)motor neuron
E)effector

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a term used to describe a spinal cord structure?

A)central canal
B)anterior median fissure
C)corpus callosum
D)lumbar enlargement
E)cauda equina

Question 10

The cardiovascular center, which controls the rate and force of the heartbeat and the diameter of blood vessels, is located in the

A)pons
B)cerebrum
C)diencephalon
D)medulla oblongata
E)insula

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a ventricle in an adult brain?

A)left lateral ventricle
B)right lateral ventricle
C)third ventricle
D)fourth ventricle
E)fifth ventricle

Question 12

Which spinal cord plexus supplies the abdominal wall?

A)cervical plexus
B)sacral plexus
C)brachial plexus
D)lumbar plexus
E)none of the choices is correct

Question 13

The dorsal root of spinal nerve contains

A)only sensory fibers
B)only motor fibers
C)both sensory and motor fibers
D)only autonomic fibers
E)only somatic fibers

Question 14

Which of the following areas of the brain is sometimes referred to as the "emotional brain"?

A)reticular activating system
B)thalamus
C)brain stem
D)limbic system
E)cerebellum

Question 15

The cervical enlargement contains nerves that supply the

A)upper limbs
B)lower limbs
C)thorax
D)vertebral column
E)none of the choices is correct

Question 16

The thalamus is found in the region of the brain known as the

A)brain stem
B)diencephalon
C)cerebrum
D)cerebellum
E)hypothalamus

Question 17

Which of the following areas of the cerebral cortex receives nerve impulses for touch, proprioception, pain, itch, tickle, and temperature?

A)association areas
B)primary somatosensory area
C)primary motor area
D)premotor area
E)none of the choices is correct

Question 18

The subarachnoid space is located between the

A)arachnoid mater and pia mater.
B)arachnoid mater and dura mater.
C)dura mater and pia mater.
D)bone and pia mater.
E)bone and arachnoid mater.

Question 19

The dura mater is composed of

A)smooth muscle
B)adipose tissue
C)loose connective tissue
D)dense regular connective tissue
E)dense irregular connective tissue

Question 20

Which of the groups of spinal nerves listed below do NOT form a plexus?

A)C1-C5
B)C5-T1
C)T2-T11
D)L1-L4
E)L4-S4

Question 21

The control center that adjust the basic rhythm of breathing is found in the

A)diencephalon
B)cerebrum
C)cerebellum
D)medulla oblongata
E)hypothalamus

Question 22

The primary visual area of the cerebrum is located in the

A)occipital lobe
B)temporal lobe
C)frontal lobe
D)motor speech area
E)lateral lobe

Question 23

The brain region responsible for relaying sensory information from the spinal cord and brain stem to the cerebrum is the

A)hypothalamus
B)pons
C)cerebellum
D)thalamus
E)pineal gland

Question 24

Which of the following roman numerals is used to designate the trochlear nerve?

A)I
B)III
C)IV
D)VII
E)X

Question 25

What is the roman numeral designation for the optic nerve?

A)I
B)II
C)III
D)VI
E)V

Question 26

The primary auditory area of the cerebrum is located in the

A)occipital lobe
B)postcentral gyrus
C)frontal lobe
D)temporal lobe
E)parietal lobe

Question 27

A shallow groove on the surface of the cerebrum is called a/an

A)fissure
B)sulcus
C)gyrus
D)furrow
E)indentation

Question 28

Which of the following cranial nerves innervates the gastrointestinal tract?

A)hypoglossal (XII)nerve
B)accessory (XI)nerve
C)vagus (X)nerve
D)abducens (VI)nerve
E)olfactory (I)nerve

Question 29

All of the following areas of the brain are involved in storing or processing memories EXCEPT the

A)limbic system
B)diencephalon
C)frontal lobe
D)parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes
E)medulla oblongata

Question 30

Parkinson's disease is caused by the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the

A)cerebellum
B)substantia nigra
C)medulla
D)hippocampus
E)cerebral peduncles

Question 31

Oculomotor (III)nerve and trochlear (IV)nerve originate from the

A)reticular formation
B)thalamus
C)midbrain
D)pons
E)medulla oblongata

Question 32

All of the following are functions of the hypothalamus EXCEPT

A)control of the pituitary gland.
B)regulation of eating.
C)regulation of the basic rhythm of breathing.
D)regulation of body temperature.
E)regulation of circadian rhythms.

Question 33

The intercostal nerves innervate the

A)lower limbs
B)muscles between the ribs
C)muscles of the upper arm
D)lungs
E)shoulder

Question 34

Which of the following cranial nerves is sensory only?

A)olfactory
B)oculomotor
C)facial
D)glossopharyngeal
E)hypoglossal

Question 35

All of the following are common components of a reflex arc EXCEPT

A)sensory neurons
B)motor neurons
C)regions of gray matter in the CNS
D)muscles and glands
E)all of the choices are common components of reflex arcs

Question 36

Which of the following structures does NOT belong with the others?

A)medulla oblongata
B)pons
C)brain stem
D)thalamus
E)midbrain

Question 37

In a spinal tap, cerebrospinal fluid is removed from the

A)epidural space
B)foramen magnum
C)subdural space
D)fourth ventricle
E)subarachnoid space

Question 38

The area of the brain that regulates posture and balance and is essential for all skilled motor activities is the

A)limbic system
B)cerebrum
C)thalamus
D)cerebellum
E)brain stem

Question 39

The layer of the meninges that is located closest to the surrounding bone is called the

A)dura mater
B)subarachnoid space
C)pia mater
D)arachnoid mater
E)perineurium

Question 40

The medical term for pain relief is

A)analgesia
B)neuralgia
C)anesthesia
D)dementia
E)nerve block

Question 41

Which of the following best describes a characteristic of the pineal gland?

A)considered part of the brain stem
B)directly regulated by the hypothalamus
C)secretes a hormone that promotes sleepiness
D)controlled by the cerebellum
E)located in the fourth ventricle

Question 42

Polio vaccines continue to be given to children in the United States because

A)the poliovirus has mutated.
B)people are susceptible to post-polio syndrome.
C)of the development of smaller neurons.
D)polio outbreaks continue throughout the world.
E)polio has not been eradicated in the US.

Question 43

Which of the following pairings of function and brain region is INCORRECT?

A)skeletal muscle control - precentral gyrus of cerebrum
B)primary somatic sensations - postcentral gyrus of cerebrum
C)recognition of spoken words - auditory association area
D)muscle coordination - cerebellum
E)emotions - midbrain

Question 44

Temporary cerebral dysfunction caused by a decrease in blood flow to one portion of the brain that usually leaves no permanent damage is called

A)a cerebrovascular accident
B)a transient ischemic attack
C)a myocardial infarction
D)ataxia
E)polio

Question 45

Spinal nerves are mixed nerves.

Question 46

Paralysis of both upper limbs or both lower limbs is called

A)monoplegia
B)diplegia
C)paraplegia
D)hemiplegia
E)quadriplegia

Question 47

Which of the following is NOT a type of connective tissue covering associated with nerves?

A)epineurium
B)endoneurium
C)endomysium
D)perineurium.
E)all of the choices are types of nerve coverings

Question 48

Within the spinal cord, the cell bodies of somatic motor neurons are located in the

A)lateral gray horn
B)anterior gray horn
C)dorsal gray horn
D)anterior white column
E)posterior white column

Question 49

The brain contains approximately 100 million neurons.

Question 50

In a somatic motor reflex, where would you expect to find the cell body of the sensory neuron that stimulates the response?

A)anterior gray horn
B)anterior white column
C)posterior gray horn
D)posterior white column
E)posterior root ganglion

Question 51

The middle layer of the meninges is called pia mater.

Question 52

Which of the following diseases involves the reactivation of the herpes zoster virus?

A)meningitis
B)poliomyelitis
C)shingles
D)ataxia
E)encephalitis

Question 53

In someone who suffered a stroke that interfered with their ability to speak, the damage could involve any of the following areas in the brain EXCEPT the

A)frontal lobe
B)motor speech area
C)primary motor area
D)occipital lobe
E)premotor areas

Question 54

All of the following are characteristics of the anterior corticospinal tract EXCEPT

A)begins in the cerebral cortex
B)ends in the spinal cord
C)located in the anterior white column
D)carries sensory information up the spinal cord
E)consists of white matter

Question 55

The posterior root ganglion contains cell bodies of sensory neurons.

Question 56

The central nervous system (CNS)consists of the brain and

A)spinal nerves
B)spinal cord
C)cranial nerves
D)all of the choices are correct
E)both spinal nerves and spinal cord

Question 57

A moderate amount of caffeine is the amount found in _____ cups of coffee.

A)one
B)two
C)four
D)six
E)eight

Question 58

Somatic motor pathways convey nerve impulses that stimulate smooth muscle movements.

Question 59

The withdrawal reflex is an autonomic reflex.

Question 60

Lou Gehrig's disease is the common name for a neurodegenerative disease called

A)Parkinson's disease
B)Alzheimer's disease
C)amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
D)cerebrovascular accident
E)poliomyelitis

Question 61

There are four lateral ventricles in the brain.

Question 62

Damage to the posterior root of the third thoracic spinal nerve would result in loss of motor function to the intercostal muscles controlled by that nerve.

Question 63

The thirst center is located in the medulla oblongata.

Question 64

The supply of glucose to the brain must be continuous to maintain normal function.

Question 65

The crossing of fibers to the opposite site of the spinal cord is called hemispheric lateralization.

Question 66

The anterior median fissure and the posterior median sulcus divide the spinal cord into dorsal and ventral sections.

Question 67

The limbic system controls most involuntary aspects of behavior related to survival.

Question 68

Caffeine is found in only a few plants including those used in making coffee and tea.

Question 69

The central sulcus separates the temporal and parietal lobes.

Question 70

Both spinal and cranial nerves have dorsal and ventral roots.

Question 71

Within a spinal nerve, groups of axons are bundled together into fascicles that are surrounded by a connective tissue covering called the perineurium.

Question 72

Absence of a normal pupillary light reflex may indicate damage to the brain.

Question 73

The auditory association area is located in the diencephalon.

Question 74

There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves.

Question 75

Muscle coordination is a function of the medulla oblongata.

Question 76

From early adulthood onward, the number of neurons in the brain does not decrease much but the number of synapses steadily declines.

Question 77

Changes in the release of the neurotransmitter, dopamine, are associated with Parkinson's disease

Question 78

The endoneurium is a protective connective tissue covering found around both myelinated and unmyelinated axons.

Question 79

The brain grows slowly during the first few years of life.

Question 80

Most spinal cord injuries occur in the cervical, lower thoracic, and upper lumbar regions.