Deck 8: Validity of Measurement: Content and Construct-Oriented Validation Strategies

Question 1

The _______ the match between expected correlations and actual correlations between test scores and behavior measures, the ______ the evidence of construct
Validity.

A) weaker; stronger
B) stronger; weaker
C) stronger; stronger
D) stronger; lower

Answer 1

C

Question 2

What is "validated" in a validity study?

A) the test
B) test scores
C) the inferences reached on the basis of test scores
D) none of the above

Answer 2

C

Question 3

A test that does not appear to provide a representative sample of the major parts of a content domain will probably be judged as having

A) high content validity
B) low content validity
C) both reliability and content validity
D) content structure

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Validity established through examination of the test itself is ________ validity.

A) predictive
B) concurrent
C) construct
D) content

Question 5

A detailed description of the content domain is

A) important because items need to be randomly classified
B) important because items can be systematically classified
C) not important because boundaries of most content domains are arbitrary
D) not important in content validity techniques

Question 6

By showing that the behaviors sampled by the test are a representative sample of the domain of behaviors you could have measured, you have demonstrated

A) construct validity
B) content validity
C) concurrent validity
D) both a and b

Question 7

If multiple measures of the same construct yield high correlation coefficients, _________ is demonstrated.

A) divergent validity
B) convergent validity
C) discriminant validity
D) concurrent validity

Question 8

Something that cannot be directly observed, yet is useful in summarizing groups of related phenomena is called a(n)

A) concept
B) content domain
C) construct
D) idea

Question 9

Face validity

A) cannot influence the usefulness of a test
B) is typically examined in modern validity studies
C) depends on subjective reactions of those who take the test
D) depends heavily on objective data

Question 10

The process of providing a detailed description of the relationship between specific behaviors and abstract constructs is referred to as

A) construct validation
B) construct expression
C) abstract explication
D) construct explication

Question 11

Detailed descriptions of which domain the test developer wishes to measure must be provided to demonstrate

A) reliability
B) content validity
C) both reliability and content validity
D) content structure

Question 12

Most experts would agree that

A) demonstrating content validity ensures reliability
B) demonstrating content validity is sufficient to demonstrate criterion-related validity
C) content validity determines the validity of decisions made based on test scores
D) content validity is relevant in determining the validity of measurement

Question 13

Content validity can be assessed via

A) judgments
B) statistics
C) both judgments and statistics
D) arbitrary domain sampling

Question 14

Content domains are

A) narrow
B) structured
C) unbounded
D) not defined

Question 15

The most appropriate method(s) for construct validation is(are) the

A) correlation coefficient
B) laboratory experiment
C) multitrait-multimethod approach
D) all are appropriate methods

Question 16

Constructs are

A) abstract summaries of some regularity in nature
B) related to unobservable events
C) often concrete and tangible
D) both a and b

Question 17

When measures of unrelated constructs do not correlate with each other, _________ is demonstrated.

A) divergent validity
B) convergent validity
C) discriminant validity
D) concurrent validity

Question 18

The process of construct explication involves

A) identifying behaviors related to the construct you wish to measure
B) determining whether behaviors related to similar constructs as the one you wish to measure are related to the construct you are interested in
C) identifying similar constructs and determining the relationship between these constructs and the construct you are interested in
D) all of the above

Question 19

The foundation for assessing content validity is

A) construct mapping
B) content mapping
C) a description of the content domain
D) a description of the construct domain

Question 20

Determining whether a test provides a valid measure of a specific attribute can best be done by using _________ validity approaches.

A) concurrent
B) predictive
C) construct-oriented
D) criterion-related

Question 21

Content validity and construct validity are

A) mutually exclusive
B) very different
C) highly related
D) both a and b

Question 22

_________ is usually determined for abstract attributes.

A) convergent validity
B) content validity
C) construct validity
D) concurrent validity

Question 23

If you know much about the boundaries of a domain, but little about the relationship of the domain to other behaviors, you could use a __________ technique.

A) construct validation
B) multitrait-multimethod approach
C) concurrent validation
D) content validation

Question 24

Correlations due solely to the use of common measurement techniques are called

A) experimenter biases
B) technique errors
C) method errors
D) method biases