Deck 5: Scales, Transformations, and Norms

Question 1

The simplest transformation expresses scores in terms of __________.

A) raw units
B) percentages
C) z-scores
D) weights

Answer 1

B

Question 2

An example of a linear transformation is the

A) t-test
B) percentile rank
C) stanine
D) z-score

Answer 2

D

Question 3

When a distribution is highly skewed, we may want to

A) use z-scores on the data
B) use stanines on the data
C) normalize the distribution
D) ignore the data

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Percentile transformations change the relationship between scores such that scores

A) near the center of the distribution differ substantially in their percentile ranks
B) near the center of the distribution are similar in their percentile ranks
C) at the extremes of the distribution differ substantially in their percentile ranks
D) throughout the same distribution have equivalent percentile ranks

Question 5

Transformation should

A) change a person's rank
B) present a person's score in more informative units
C) ignore information not contained in the raw score
D) both b and c

Question 6

When comparing a score to grade norms, the grade equivalent of a given score is

A) normal and deviations are considered abnormal
B) the median score of the norm group
C) the mean score of the norm group
D) the mean score of children that age

Question 7

The techniques used to equate scores across groups of examinees or forms of tests involve

A) comparing z-scores instead of raw scores
B) using anchor items
C) having all groups take all forms of the test
D) both a and b

Question 8

A z-score of 0 in a normal distribution indicates that a person

A) did better than 50% of the sample taking the test
B) did better than 84% of the sample taking the test
C) did better than 68% of the sample taking the test
D) scored roughly 50% correct on the test

Question 9

_________ transformations express a person's score in terms of where it falls on the normal curve, rather than simply providing a new unit of measurement.

A) Z-score
B) T-score
C) Linear
D) Area

Question 10

Given that a T- score = (z-score x 10) + 50, a z-score of 1.50 could be reexpressed as a T-score of

A) 63
B) 65
C) 61
D) 51.5

Question 11

Z-scores are useful because

A) z-scores indicate a person's standing as compared to the group mean
B) z-scores can be converted to percentiles (assuming a relatively normal distribution)
C) z-scores are usually positive
D) both a and b

Question 12

T-scores have an effective range of

A) plus or minus 3 standard deviations
B) plus or minus 2 standard deviations
C) plus or minus 30 points
D) both a and c

Question 13

The normative group is

A) a single population from which scores are interpreted
B) the group from which standards for interpreting the test are taken
C) randomly selected from the test sample population
D) any population of examinees for a given test

Question 14

Simple counts of the behaviors sampled by a measuring procedure are called

A) raw scores
B) true scores
C) observed scores
D) weights

Question 15

A second grade child's score on a vocabulary test has a grade equivalent of 4.0. This child

A) should be in fourth grade
B) should be moved to third grade at least
C) is achieving at the overall level of most children entering fourth grade
D) earned a score that we would expect a typical fourth grader to earn on this test

Question 16

The relationship between test scores and some other variable, based on the experience of the members of the norm group, are presented via

A) normative charts
B) expectancy charts
C) age norms
D) norm tables

Question 17

Normative data

A) lasts over time
B) does not change quickly
C) can change quickly
D) is easily interpreted

Question 18

The transformation with the same general form as a regression equation is the

A) linear transformation
B) area transform
C) percentile rank
D) percentile transformation

Question 19

Suppose that a student gets a score of 80% on an exam. This student has done

A) better than 80 percent of the norm group
B) worse than 80 percent of the norm group
C) about the same as the norm group
D) none of the above

Question 20

A simple transformation of a z-score is the

A) linear transformation
B) percentile rank
C) normalized distribution
D) T-score

Question 21

The Angoff method for setting cutoff scores involves

A) taking the average test score from the sample population
B) taking the average test score from a sample of successful individuals
C) expert judges rating for the probability that a barely competent person will answer items correctly
D) expert judges rate for each test item the probability that a successful person will answer correctly

Question 22

Expectancy tables are most similar to

A) z-scores
B) transformations
C) percentiles
D) correlations

Question 23

"Real" levels of intelligence are indicated via

A) population norms
B) subgroup norms
C) norm-based scores
D) none of the above

Question 24

In contrast to norm-referenced tests which assess one's performance relative to other individuals, criterion-referenced tests

A) assess one's performance in comparison to some standard(s)
B) assess one's performance in comparison to groups of people
C) evaluate one's performance within a group setting
D) are less challenging to develop