Deck 8: Religion, Magic, and Worldview

Question 1

According to Mueller in "The WorsLover: Boyfriend Spirits in Senegal," although there are many differentypes orab, Madge-juenne, is known to be the mosvicious and should be avoided aall costs.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

According to Rachel Mueller in "The WorsLover: Boyfriend Spirits in Senegal," the more common religion in Senegal is the Sufi secoIslam.However, iis nouncommon for young women to be possessed by jealous and vindictive "boyfriend spirits" called faru rab, who make women accrazy and take ofall otheir clothes.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

When a religious specialisreads the cracks in the burned scapula (shoulder blade) oa sheep to predicfuture events, the acwould be called

A)divination.
B)sorcery.
C)magic.
D)witchcraft.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Religious specialists who mediate between people and the supernatural are called

A)witches.
B)shamans.
C)diviners.
D)priests.

Question 5

According to Mueller in "The WorsLover: Boyfriend Spirits in Senegal," one othe moscommon reasons a faru rab attaches itselto women or girls is because otheir

A)beauty and style of dress.
B)sexually promiscuous behavior.
C)lack of terenga, or hospitality.
D)disrespectful treatment of their elders.

Question 6

In "The WorsLover: Boyfriend Spirits in Senegal," Mueller notes thathe Lébou recognize several differenkinds orab; only the __________ are the type thaattach themselves to humans in a troublesome way.

A)Kumba Bang
B)Lumbay
C)Diop
D)Faru rab

Question 7

Religious specialists who control supernatural power are called

A)priests.
B)diviners.
C)shamans.
D)witch doctors.

Question 8

The term "supernatural" labels people's irrational beliefs aboupower in inanimate objects.

Question 9

When people use well?defined procedures to control and manipulate supernatural forces in order to gain some end, they are practicing

A)prayer.
B)magic.
C)witchcraft.
D)taboo.

Question 10

Ia person uses a powerful spell to huranother individual, anthropologists would label him or her a witch.

Question 11

According to Mueller "The WorsLover: Boyfriend Spirits in Senegal," the traditional paroDakar boasts a Senegalese culture oterenga, which makes idifficulto

A)speak to anyone outside of your social class.
B)go anywhere without being invited to share a meal, even with complete strangers.
C)communicate in any language other than the native language of Wolof.
D)practice any religion other than Islam.

Question 12

Folk concepts oghosts, spirits, ancestral beings, and gods are, according to mosanthropologists, signs obeliein

A)the supernatural.
B)taboo.
C)magic.
D)impersonal supernatural force.

Question 13

In "The WorsLover: Boyfriend Spirits in Senegal," Mueller notes that, in Lébou religious tradition, the rab originally coexisted in harmony with humans, bubecame angered by their practice oIslam.

Question 14

Religion helps people cope with ultimate problems otheir existence such as the meaning olife, death, evil, and transcendenvalues.

Question 15

In some societies, people believe thasome individuals are born with supernatural force thathey consciously or unconsciously use to cause harm.Anthropologists classify these supposed activities as

A)magic.
B)sorcery.
C)witchcraft.
D)alchemy.

Question 16

Ia religious specialiswere to use a powerful saying to cure a sick individual, anthropologists would label him or her a shaman.

Question 17

Stories abouhow the world came to be are called cosmology.

Question 18

The cultural knowledge othe supernatural thapeople use to cope with the ultimate problems ohuman existence is called

A)personified supernatural power.
B)mana.
C)transcendental values.
D)religion.

Question 19

According to Mueller in "The WorsLover: Boyfriend Spirits in Senegal," the people othe Lébou districoDakar believe thafaru rab have the power to, among other things, prevenwomen from speaking, give them sexual dreams, and trigger infertility.

Question 20

Ia person believes thasome rocks lying in a yam field contribute to the rapid growth othe plants, we mighsuspeca beliein mana.

Question 21

In "Baseball Magic," Gmelch observes thapitchers have the moscontrol over the outcome owhathey do in baseball, and therefore use the leasmagic.

Question 22

3.In "Run for the Wall: An American Pilgrimage," Dubisch observes thathose who ride in the Run for the Wall consciously see ias a pilgrimage.

Question 23

As Mueller observes in "The WorsLover: Boyfriend Spirits in Senegal," drumming is an importanand overpowering parothe ndepp.A drummer walks around the crowd, interacting with the dancers, and playing a __________ with one stick and one hand.

A)tama
B)sabar
C)tam-tam
D)bakk

Question 24

Magic, according to Malinowski, occurs in response to

A)anger.
B)frustration.
C)anxiety.
D)social pressure.

Question 25

Dubisch notes thathe Run for the Wall began as a way to promote respecfor service in the U.S.military.

Question 26

Gmelch notes in "Baseball Magic" thafetishes are often associated with baseball magic.These are

A)things to be avoided.
B)repetitive actions.
C)lucky charms.
D)sayings.

Question 27

According to Jill Dubisch in "Run for the Wall: An American Pilgrimage," the "run" is taken annually by a group omotorcyclists who starthe ride in California, stop nightly for resand ritual ceremonies, and end athe Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, DC.

Question 28

According to Mueller in "The WorsLover: Boyfriend Spirits in Senegal," ivisiting a marabou cannorid a girl or woman oa troublesome rab, the nexstep is to

A)make a sacrifice of small animals.
B)take baths in holy water.
C)participate in an elaborate ritual called an ndepp.
D)dress conservatively while awake and while sleeping.

Question 29

In "The WorsLover: Boyfriend Spirits in Senegal," Mueller explains thaan ndepp is

A)a single day spent in prayer to Mohammad, led by local marabout.
B)a private ceremony for the family of the girl possessed.
C)a ritual that involves making a month-long pilgrimage to a holy site.
D)a large, public ceremony that lasts for several days and includes dancing, drumming, and singing.

Question 30

According to Gmelch in "Baseball Magic," magical ritual in baseball is mosoften associated with hitting and pitching.

Question 31

According to Skinner, as noted by Gmelch in "Baseball Magic," magic once established requires to be maintained.

A)regular rewards
B)sporadic rewards
C)formal instruction
D)uncertainty

Question 32

According to Gmelch in "Baseball Magic," baseball players often include personal rituals, taboos, and fetishes in their practice omagic.

Question 33

In "Baseball Magic," Gmelch quotes a theory by anthropologisBronislaw Malinowski thaargues for the association between magic and uncertainty.

Question 34

According to Dubisch in "Run for the Wall: An American Pilgrimage," pilgrimages are journeys with a purpose, taken to a place with meaning.They can be religious, secular, or personal.

Question 35

In "Baseball Magic," George Gmelch argues thamagic is mosoften associated with fielding in American baseball.

Question 36

In "Run for the Wall: An American Pilgrimage," Dubisch argues thapilgrimages rarely affecpeople who are well adjusted and contenwith their lives.

Question 37

In "Run for the Wall: An American Pilgrimage," Dubisch defines pilgrimages as religious rituals thainvolve journeys to sacred places.

Question 38

Skinner explains magic as a response to uncertainty, an attempto control the unpredictable.

Question 39

According to Gmelch in "Baseball Magic," baseball players can leascontrol

A)pitching and hitting.
B)hitting.
C)fielding.
D)arguing with the umpire.

Question 40

During one season when Gmelch was playing baseball, he refrained from eating pancakes.This is an example owhaanthropologists call

A)a taboo.
B)mana.
C)charms.
D)a ritual.

Question 41

According to Miner in "Body Ritual among the Nacirema," men engage in a daily ritual thainvolves scraping and lacerating the face with a sharp object.

Question 42

In "Body Ritual among the Nacirema," Miner notes thaamong the Nacirema, a ritual specialiscalled a latipso specializes in the care othe mouth.

Question 43

According to Miner in "Body Ritual among the Nacirema," the Nacirema demonstrate masochistic tendencies as evidenced by their willingness to have their teeth probed and excavated by ritual specialists called "holy-mouth-men."

Question 44

According to Miner in "Body Ritual among the Nacirema," the Nacirema often undergo _________ procedures in order to care for their bodies.

A)month-long
B)painful
C)ineffective
D)sophisticated

Question 45

In "Run for the Wall: An American Pilgrimage," Dubisch cites a definition oritual thasays rituals are patterned, repetitive, symbolic enactments ocultural beliefs or values.

Question 46

In "Body Ritual among the Nacirema," Miner notes thaNacireman women regularly visiritual houses to have their heads baked in special ovens.

Question 47

According to Dubisch in "Run for the Wall: An American Pilgrimage," anthropologisVictor Turner believed tharitual

A)organized all human behavior.
B)could be seen in people's normal, day-to-day behavior.
C)had two poles, one ideological and the other sensory.
D)is designed to express freedom, self-reliance, patriotism, and individuality.

Question 48

According to Dubisch in "Run for the Wall: An American Pilgrimage," the ritual for the soldiers missing in Vietnam is especially powerful because othe mountainous location oLimon, Colorado.

Question 49

According to Horace Miner in "Body Ritual among the Nacirema," the Nacirema display an extreme concern for the maintenance and care otheir bodies.

Question 50

In "Run for the Wall: An American Pilgrimage," Dubisch notes thaparticipants in the Run for the Wall

A)often frightened onlookers with their "outlaw biker" looks.
B)annoyed other motorists by hogging miles of highway with hundreds of bikes.
C)were mostly members of Western, especially Californian, motorcycle clubs.
D)were usually Vietnam veterans.

Question 51

In "Body Ritual among the Nacirema," Miner observes thathe Nacirema enjoy eating a variety ofoods thahave been purified by dipping them in a ritual vessel filled with boiling oil.

Question 52

In "Run for the Wall: An American Pilgrimage," Dubisch notes thathe term liminality defines an emotional state thais sparked by ritual ceremony.

Question 53

In "Run for the Wall: An American Pilgrimage," Dubisch argues thaparticipation in the Run for the Wall

A)is like a rite of passage, moving normal veterans into a select group of war advocates.
B)is a needless glorification of war.
C)is a personally transforming experience, partly designed to heal personal wounds.
D)is not effective as a form of protest.

Question 54

In "Run for the Wall: An American Pilgrimage," Dubisch notes thathe carnival period preceding Lenmeets the criteria oa ritual because it

A)protects individuals.
B)moves individuals from one social status to another.
C)maintains order in the world.
D)designates a period of time when special activities are permitted.

Question 55

In "Body Ritual among the Nacirema," Miner points outhathe fundamental beliethaunderlies Nacireman body ritual is

A)that the human body is ugly and subject to disability and disease.
B)the concern about the beauty of the body.
C)that the health of the body depends on the health of the mind.
D)that disease of the body is caused by a person's failure to take care of it properly.

Question 56

According to Dubisch in "Run for the Wall: An American Pilgrimage," Run for the Wall participants stopped at

A)Angel Fire, New Mexico.
B)Denver, Colorado.
C)the Apache reservation in Arizona.
D)Window Rock, Wyoming.

Question 57

According to Miner in "Body Ritual among the Nacirema," the Nacirema regularly look forward to entering a local shrine, called the latipso, to have their bodies renewed.

Question 58

According to Dubisch in "Run for the Wall: An American Pilgrimage," the term liminality refers to

A)the emotional content of ritual.
B)a ritual period that is different from normal, everyday time.
C)the patterned, repetitive aspects of ritual.
D)the special social myths reenacted by ritual.

Question 59

A central pointhaDubisch makes abouthe men who participate in the Run for the Wall is that

A)they wish to repair the emotional wounds caused by their Vietnam war experiences and unpleasant homecomings.
B)they are motivated by a desire to embarrass those who opposed the war.
C)they enjoy showing off their expensive motorcycles to onlookers.
D)they seek to increase veterans appropriations by publicly pressuring Congress.

Question 60

According to Dubisch in "Run for the Wall: An American Pilgrimage," motorcycles are associated with _____________in American culture.

A)cooperation
B)freedom
C)veterans
D)criminal behavior

Question 61

In "Body Ritual among the Nacirema," Miner notes thathe opulence oa Nacireman home is determined by

A)whether the home's shrine is equipped with a font.
B)what the home is constructed from.
C)how large the home is.
D)how many shrines the house contains.

Question 62

According to Miner in "Body Ritual among the Nacirema," the Nacirema believe that

A)mothers are the only people who can teach their children body rituals.
B)fathers tend to put a curse on their children when they try to teach them body rituals.
C)holy-mouth-men, unless they are given a large gift, will harm children.
D)mothers are likely to put a curse on their children when they teach them body rituals.

Question 63

According to Miner in "Body Ritual among the Nacirema," the latipso is the name for

A)holy-mouth-men.
B)household shrines.
C)medicine men's temple.
D)the charm box found in a household shrine.