Deck 52: Antineoplastic Drugs Part 1: Cancer Overview and Cell Cycle–Specific Drugs

Question 1

Leucovorin rescue,during which leucovorin enters and "rescues" normal cells from the toxic effects of antineoplastic agents,is useful during therapy with which drug?

A)cisplatin
B)methotrexate (Metoject)
C)mercaptopurine (6-MP)
D)cyclophosphamide

Answer 1

methotrexate (Metoject)

Question 2

What is the nurse's best immediate response if extravasation of an antineoplastic drug occurs during intravenous (IV)administration?

A)Reduction of the infusion rate
B)Discontinuation of the IV and application of warm compresses
C)Changing the infusion to normal saline and injecting the area with hydrocortisone
D)Stopping the infusion immediately but leaving the IV tube in place for administration of an antidote

Answer 2

Stopping the infusion immediately but leaving the IV tube in place for administration of an antidote

Question 3

A patient is receiving a third course of 5-fluorouracil therapy and knows that stomatitis is a potential adverse effect of antineoplastic therapy.What important information should the nurse give the patient about this adverse effect?

A)Aspirin should be taken to prevent development of stomatitis.
B)The patient should watch for and report black tarry stools immediately.
C)The patient should increase the intake of foods containing fibre and citric acid.
D)The patient should examine the mouth daily for bleeding, white spots, and ulcerations.

Answer 3

The patient should examine the mouth daily for bleeding, white spots, and ulcerations.

Question 4

Which is a true statement about nadir?

A)It is a therapeutic effect of radiation.
B)It is the lowest level reached by bone marrow cells after chemotherapy.
C)It occurs 30 days after chemotherapy treatment.
D)Antiemetics will prevent it.

Question 5

Which unique adverse effect is characteristic of the antineoplastic enzymes,such as asparaginase (Kidrolase)?

A)Hepatotoxicity
B)Impaired pancreatic function
C)Nephrotoxicity
D)Hypoglycemia

Question 6

A patient who has been on methotrexate (Metoject)therapy has developed a fever.Her husband asks whether she can take ibuprofen for the fever.What is the nurse's best answer to the husband's question?

A)Ibuprofen aggravates stomatitis.
B)Ibuprofen masks signs of infection.
C)Ibuprofen can lead to methotrexate toxicity.
D)Ibuprofen will cause no problems for the patient who is on methotrexate.

Question 7

A patient is receiving the antineoplastic drug methotrexate (Metoject).What important instructions should the nurse give the patient in regard to this drug?

A)Report black, tarry stools.
B)Perform oral care with mouthwash.
C)Do not expect hair loss from this drug.
D)Prepare for hair loss by deciding whether to use a wig, a hairpiece, or a hat.
E)Avoid eating raw seafood.
F)Discontinue contraceptive measures as soon as chemotherapy is completed.
G)Avoid foods that are hot or that are rough in texture.
H)Avoid exposure to the sun.

Question 8

A patient has had a first course of antineoplastic therapy and is experiencing gastrointestinal adverse effects,including anorexia and nausea.Which is an appropriate goal for the patient dealing with these adverse effects?

A)To eat three balanced meals a day within 4 days
B)To return to the normal eating pattern within 1 month
C)To maintain normal weight by consuming healthy snacks as tolerated
D)To maintain a diet of six frequent feedings with a nutritional supplement as a snack for 2 weeks

Question 9

A patient is at risk for infection due to neutropenic effects of antineoplastic drug therapy.Which statement by the patient indicates the need for further teaching about this care?

A)"I can't wait to go to the buffet restaurant for supper."
B)"I should eat plenty of fresh fruit to improve my nutrition."
C)"I should report a sore throat, cough, or low-grade temperature."
D)"It is important for both my family and me to practise good hand washing."

Question 10

One patient has cancer of the bone; a second patient has cancer in the connective tissues of the leg muscles; and a third patient has cancer in the vascular tissues.Which type of tumour is common to these patients?

A)Sarcoma
B)Leukemia
C)Carcinoma
D)Lymphoma