Deck 18: The Analysis and Valuation of Bonds

Question 1

An interest rate is the price of loanable funds.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

For a bond the present value model incorporates both the coupon receipts and the capital gain or loss.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Convexity is a measure of how much a bond's price-yield curve deviates from the linear approximation of that curve.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The three major theories explaining the term structure of interest rates are the expectations hypothesis, the liquidity differential hypothesis, and the segmented quality hypothesis.

Question 5

For a given change in yield bond price volatility is inversely related to term to maturity.

Question 6

The fundamental determinants of interest rates are the real risk free rate, inflation, and the risk premium.

Question 7

There is an inverse relationship between duration and coupon.

Question 8

Bond price volatility varies directly with the term to maturity and directly with the coupon.

Question 9

For a given change in yield bond price volatility is directly related to duration.

Question 10

Yield to maturity and current yield are equal when the bond is selling for exactly par value.

Question 11

The major problem facing a bond analyst is the ability to forecast the basic interest rate level since yield spreads are generally inconsequential.

Question 12

For a given change in yield bond price volatility is inversely related to coupon.

Question 13

The lower a bond's yield to maturity, the greater its duration.

Question 14

The expectations hypothesis is also known as both the institutional theory and the hedging pressure theory.

Question 15

According to the segmented market hypothesis, yields for a particular maturity segment depend on supply and demand within the maturity segment.

Question 16

Because you expect market interest rates to decline during the next four months, if you were offered two bonds with equal duration, you would select the one with the higher measure of convexity.

Question 17

The internal rate of return is that discount rate that sets the present value of cash flows from an investment equal to its par value.

Question 18

The longer the time to maturity, the greater the percentage change in a bond's price.

Question 19

If an investor buys a high coupon bond, and rates then fall, the investor has "locked up" that high yield as a realized yield.

Question 20

According to the expectations hypothesis, a rising yield curve indicates that investors' demand for long maturity bonds is expected to rise.

Question 21

If you expected interest rates to fall, you would prefer to own bonds with

A)short maturities and low coupons.
B)long maturities and high coupons .
C)long maturities and low coupons.
D)short maturities and high coupons.
E)none of the above.

Question 22

If you expected interest rates to rise, you would prefer to own bonds with

A)short maturities and low coupons.
B)long maturities and high coupons .
C)long maturities and low coupons.
D)short maturities and high coupons.
E)none of the above.

Question 23

The realized yield measures the expected rate of return of a bond that you expect to sell prior to its maturity.

Question 24

There is a direct relationship between coupon and price.

Question 25

The price-yield curve is a concave curve representing the relationship of bond prices and yields.

Question 26

The importance of the reinvestment assumption increases with a ____ coupon and a ____ term to maturity.

A)Low, short
B)Low, long
C)High, short
D)High, long
E)Zero, very long

Question 27

The convexity of a bond is affected as follows:

A)Positively with maturity.
B)Positively with yield.
C)Inversely with coupon.
D)Choices a and b
E)Choices a and c

Question 28

The yield to call is a more conservative yield measure whenever the price of a callable bond is quoted at a value

A)Equal to or greater than par plus one year's interest.
B)Equal to par.
C)Equal to par less one year's interest.
D)Less than par.
E)Five percent over par.

Question 29

If the holding period is equal to the term to maturity for a corporate bond the rate of discount represents the

A)Coupon yield.
B)Effective yield.
C)Yield to call.
D)Yield to maturity.
E)Reinvestment rate.

Question 30

If the coupon payments are not reinvested during the life of the issue then the

A)Promised yield is greater than the realized yield.
B)Promised yield is less than the realized yield.
C)Nominal yield declines.
D)Nominal yield is greater than the promised yield.
E)Current yield equals the yield to maturity.

Question 31

The nominal yield of a bond is the

A)Annual coupon as a percent of the current price.
B)Annual rate earned including the capital gain or loss.
C)Rate earned giving consideration to coupon reinvestment.
D)Coupon rate.
E)Promised yield to maturity.

Question 32

The term structure of interest rates is a dynamic function that relates the term to maturity to the yield to maturity of bonds.

Question 33

The best way for an investor to "lock in" to high interest rates would be to purchase a bond that has a ____ coupon and a ____ term to maturity.

A)Low, short
B)Low, long
C)High, short
D)High, long
E)Zero, very long

Question 34

There are four major factors accounting for the existence of yield differentials. Which of the following is not a factor?

A)Segments
B)Sectors
C)Indentures
D)Coupons
E)Maturities

Question 35

If you expected interest rates to fall, you would prefer to own bonds with

A)long durations and high convexity.
B)long durations and low convexity.
C)short durations and high convexity.
D)short durations and low convexity.
E)none of the above.

Question 36

Modified duration is determined by making small adjustments to Macaulay duration.

Question 37

The annual interest paid on a bond relative to its prevailing market price is called its ____.

A)Promised yield
B)Yield to maturity
C)Coupon rate
D)Effective yield
E)Current yield

Question 38

Which of the following is not a major risk premium component for bond investors?

A)Quality differentials.
B)Term to maturity.
C)Indenture provisions.
D)Yield to maturity.
E)Exchange rate risk differences.

Question 39

Which of the following statements is true?

A)An inverse relationship exists between coupon and convexity.
B)A direct relationship exists between maturity and convexity.
C)An inverse relationship exists between yield and convexity.
D)Choices a and c only
E)All of the above statements are true

Question 40

The term structure of interest rates is a static function that relates the

A)Term to call and the yield to maturity.
B)Term to maturity and the yield to maturity.
C)Term to call and the yield to call.
D)Term to maturity and the coupon rate.
E)Term to maturity and the current yield.

Question 41

According to the expectations hypothesis a rising yield curve indicates that investors expect

A)future short term rates to fall
B)future short term rates to rise
C)future long term rates to rise
D)future long term rates to fall
E)none of the above

Question 42

According to the segmented-market hypothesis a downward sloping yield curve indicates that

A)demand for long term bonds has fallen and demand for short term bonds has fallen.
B)demand for long term bonds has risen and demand for short term bonds has fallen.
C)demand for long term bonds has fallen and demand for short term bonds has risen.
D)demand for long term bonds has risen and demand for short term bonds has risen.
E)none of the above.

Question 43

Consider a bond portfolio manager who expects interest rates to decline and has to choose between the following two bonds. Bond A: 10 years to maturity, 5% coupon, 5% yield to maturity
Bond B: 10 years to maturity, 3% coupon, 4% yield to maturity

A)Bond A because it has a higher coupon rate.
B)Bond A because it has a higher yield to maturity.
C)Bond B because it has a lower coupon rate.
D)Bond A or Bond B because the maturities are the same.
E)None of the above.

Question 44

According to the liquidity preference hypothesis yield curves generally slope upward because

A)investors prefer short maturity obligations to long maturity obligations.
B)investors prefer long maturity obligations to short maturity obligations.
C)investors prefer less volatile long maturity obligations.
D)investors prefer more volatile short maturity obligations.
E)none of the above.

Question 45

The option adjusted duration will approach the duration to maturity, when

A)Interest rates are significantly above the coupon rate because the option has very little chance of being called, and the call option will have very little value.
B)Interest rates are significantly below the coupon rate because the option has very little chance of being called, and the call option will have very little value.
C)Interest rates are significantly above the coupon rate because the option has a high chance of being called, and the call option will have significant value.
D)Interest rates are significantly below the coupon rate because the option has a high chance of being called, and the call option will have significant value.
E)None of the above.

Question 46

Convexity is a desirable feature of bonds because.

A)As interest rates decline, the price of a low convexity bond decreases at a decreasing rate.
B)As interest rates decline, the price of a high convexity bond decreases at an increasing rate.
C)As interest rates decline, the price of a low convexity bond increases at a decreasing rate.
D)As interest rates decline, the price of a high convexity bond increases at an increasing rate.
E)As interest rates decline, the price of a high convexity bond decreases at a decreasing rate.

Question 47

____ measures the expected rate of return of a bond assuming that you sell it prior to its maturity.

A)Yield to maturity
B)Current yield
C)Realized yield
D)Coupon rate
E)None of the above

Question 48

According to the segmented-market hypothesis a rising yield curve indicates that

A)demand for long term bonds has fallen and demand for short term bonds has fallen.
B)demand for long term bonds has risen and demand for short term bonds has fallen.
C)demand for long term bonds has fallen and demand for short term bonds has risen.
D)demand for long term bonds has risen and demand for short term bonds has risen.
E)none of the above.

Question 49

The position of a bondholder that is long a callable bond is equal to being

A)Long a noncallable bond + long a call option on the bond.
B)Long a noncallable bond + short a call option on the bond.
C)Short a noncallable bond + long a call option on the bond.
D)Short a noncallable bond + short a call option on the bond.
E)None of the above.

Question 50

Which of the four major yield spreads defines the difference in yields between pure government agency bonds and corporate bonds?

A)Segments
B)Sectors
C)Coupons
D)Seasoning
E)Maturity

Question 51

A graph of a bond's Price-Yield curve reveals all of the following except

A)Price moves inverse to yield
B)The bond sells at a premium when the yield is below the coupon rate
C)The bond sells at a discount when the yield is above the coupon rate
D)The Price-Yield curve in concave
E)All of the above are characteristics of the Price-Yield curve

Question 52

The promised yield to maturity calculation assumes that

A)All coupon interest payments are reinvested at the current market interest rate for the bond.
B)All coupon interest payments are reinvested at the coupon interest rate for the bond.
C)All coupon interest payments are reinvested at short term money market interest rates.
D)All coupon interest payments are not reinvested.
E)None of the above

Question 53

Which duration is computed by discounting flows using the yield to maturity of the bond?

A)Effective
B)Macaulay Duration
C)Modified Duration
D)Present Value Duration
E)Cash Flow Duration

Question 54

Reinvestment risk is greatest for bonds that have

A)Short maturities and low coupon rates
B)Long maturities and high coupon rates
C)Short maturities and high coupon rates
D)Long maturities and low coupon rates
E)None of the above

Question 55

Which of the following is not a risk premium component of bonds?

A)Bond quality
B)Term to maturity of the bond
C)Indenture provisions
D)Foreign bond risk
E)All of the above are risk premium components of bonds.

Question 56

All of the following are one of Malkiel's stated relationships between yield changes and bond prices except

A)Bond prices move inversely to bond yields.
B)Longer-maturity bonds experience larger price changes than shorter-maturity bonds.
C)Bond price volatility increases at a diminishing rate as term to maturity increases.
D)Bond price movements resulting from equal absolute increases or decreases in yield are symmetrical.
E)Bond price volatility is inversely related to the coupon rate.

Question 57

The yield to call is a more conservative yield measure whenever the price of a callable bond is quoted at a value

A)Equal to or greater than par plus one year's interest.
B)Equal to par.
C)Equal to par less one year's interest.
D)Less than par.
E)Five percent over par.

Question 58

Which term-structure hypothesis suggests that any long-term interest rate simply represents the geometric mean of current and future on-year interest rates expected to prevail over the maturity of the issue?

A)Expectations hypothesis
B)Liquidity preference hypothesis
C)Segmented market hypothesis
D)Preferred habitat hypothesis
E)Hedging pressure hypothesis

Question 59

Option adjusted duration can be calculated as

A)Duration of noncallable bond - duration of call option on the bond.
B)Duration of noncallable bond + duration of call option on the bond.
C)Duration of callable bond - duration of call option on the bond.
D)Duration of callable bond + duration of call option on the bond.
E)None of the above.

Question 60

If the coupon payments are not reinvested during the life of the issue then the

A)Promised yield is greater than realized yield.
B)Promised yield is less than realized yield.
C)Nominal yield declines.
D)Nominal yield is greater than promised yield.
E)Current yield equals the yield to maturity.

Question 61

Calculate the modified duration for a 10-year, 12 percent bond with a yield to maturity of 10 percent and a Macaulay duration of 7.2 years.

A)6.43 years
B)6.55 years
C)6.79 years
D)6.86 years
E)7.01 years

Question 62

What is the current price of a zero coupon bond with a 6% yield to maturity that matures in 15 years?

A)$4.17
B)$41.27
C)$417.27
D)$4,172.00
E)None of the above

Question 63

If the price before yields changed was $950, what is the resulting price?

A)$922.64
B)$918.66
C)$1000.00
D)$968.50
E)$1012.45

Question 64

Calculate the duration of a 6 percent, $1,000 par bond maturing in three years if the yield to maturity is 10 percent and interest is paid semiannually.

A)1.35 years
B)1.78 years
C)2.50 years
D)2.78 years
E)2.95 years

Question 65

Suppose you have a 10%, 20 year bond traded at $1,120. If it is callable in 5 years at $1,150, what is the bond's approximate yield to call? Interest is paid quarterly.

A)7.78%
B)8.00%
C)9.40%
D)9.36%
E)9.72%

Question 66

Consider a 12%, 15 year bond that pays interest semiannually, and its current price is $675. What is the promised yield to maturity?

A)10.23%
B)18.45%
C)17.77%
D)2.31%
E)9.26%

Question 67

Consider a bond with a 9% coupon and a current yield of 8 1/2%. What is this bond's price?

A)$1058.82
B)$1009.00
C)$1085.00
D)$1062.44
E)$1077.96

Question 68

When there are no embedded options, ____ duration can be used to provide an approximation of the interest rate sensitivity of the bond.

A)Macaulay
B)Modified
C)Effective
D)Empirical
E)None of the above

Question 69

Consider a bond with a price of $944.44 and a coupon of 8 1/2%. What is the current yield?

A)9.4%
B)6.8%
C)8.6%
D)9.0%
E)11.0%

Question 70

Estimating forward rates from the spot rate curve is based on the assumption that the ____ hypothesis accurately describes the shape of the yield curve.

A)Expectations
B)Liquidity preference
C)Segmented market
D)Efficient market
E)None of the above

Question 71

Suppose you have a 15%, 25 year bond traded at $975. If it is callable in 5 years at $1050, what is the bond's yield to call? Interest is paid annually.

A)15%
B)16.5%
C)7.65%
D)8.52%
E)9.64%

Question 72

Consider a 15%, 20 year bond that pays interest annually, and its current price is $850. What is the promised yield to maturity?

A)10.23%
B)18.45%
C)2.31%
D)17.77%
E)9.26%

Question 73

A 12-year, 8 percent bond with a YTM of 12 percent has a Macaulay duration of 9.5 years. If interest rates decline by 50 basis points, what will be the percent change in price for this bond?

A)+4.48%
B)+4.61%
C)+8.48%
D)+8.96%
E)+17.92%

Question 74

Consider a bond with a current yield of 8% and a price of $1,250. What is this bond's coupon?

A)8.0%
B)10.0%
C)11.0%
D)8.5%
E)9.6%

Question 75

What is the current price of a zero coupon bond with a 7% yield to maturity that matures in 20 years?

A)$1,000
B)$2,582
C)$25.82
D)$258.42
E)$100.00

Question 76

Consider a 10%, 15 year bond that pays interest annually quarterly, and its current price is $1060. What is the promised yield to maturity?

A)10.23%
B)18.45%
C)2.31%
D)17.77%
E)9.26%

Question 77

Consider a bond with a duration of 7 years having a yield to maturity of 7% and interest rates are expected to rise by 50 basis points. What is the percentage change in the price of the bond?

A)3.62%
B)3.45%
C)-3.38%
D)3.38%
E)-3.62%

Question 78

Consider a zero coupon bond that has a current price of $436.19 and matures in 10 years. What is its yield to maturity?

A)0.86%
B)8.65%
C)8.00%
D)58.80%
E)6.564%

Question 79

Consider a bond with a duration of 6 years having a yield to maturity of 8% and interest rates are expected to rise by 50 basis points. What is the percentage change in the price of the bond?

A)2.88%
B)3.45%
C)-3.89%
D)-3.45%
E)-2.88%

Question 80

Suppose you have a 12%, 20 year bond traded at $850. If it is callable in 5 years at $1,100, what is the bond's yield to call? Interest is paid semiannually.

A)8%
B)9.0%
C)18.0%
D)9.4%
E)16.5%