Deck 2: Linear Motion

Question 1

The motion diagram shows motion an ant moving to the right along a straight line as it is recorded every 1.0 s, starting at point at x = 0.0 cm. Assuming the ant starts from rest, which graph shows ant's velocity as a function of time?

A) 1)
B) 2)
C) 3)
D) 4)
E) 5)

Answer 1

1)

Question 2

The motion diagram shows motion an ant moving to the right along a straight line as it is recorded every 1.0 s, starting at point at x = 0.0 cm. Assuming the ant starts from rest, which graph shows ant's position as a function of time?

A) 1)
B) 2)
C) 3)
D) 4)
E) 5)

Answer 2

1)

Question 3

The displacement of an object during any time interval is ________ the distance it travels during that same time interval.

A) great than or equal to
B) less than or equal to
C) equal to
D) greater than
E) much greater than

Answer 3

less than or equal to

Question 4

In which graph of v versus t does the particle end up farthest from its starting point?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 5

A particle moves from x₀ = 30 cm to x = -40 cm in 5 s. The average velocity of the particle during this time interval is

A) 2 cm/s.
B) -2 cm/s.
C) 14 cm/s.
D) -14 cm/s.
E) 300 cm/s.

Question 6

A particle moves from x₁ = 30 cm to x₂ = - 40 cm. The displacement of this particle is

A) 30 cm.
B) 40 cm.
C) 70 cm.
D) -70 cm.
E) -40 cm.

Question 7

Four successive displacements of 4 km, 5 km, 4 km, and 2 km are at right angles to each other as shown in the diagram. The magnitude of the resultant displacement is

A) 4 km.
B) 15 km.
C) 3 km.
D) -5 km.
E) -15 km.

Question 8

An object, located at the origin when t = 0, moves along the x axis as shown in the diagram. At which point is the object farthest from its starting point?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 9

If the speed of particle A is twice that of particle B, the distance particle B travels in a given interval of time as compared with particle A is

A) twice as great.
B) half as great.
C) the same.
D) four times as great.
E) one-fourth as great.

Question 10

A particle moves from x₁ = -50 cm to x₂ = 30 cm. The displacement of this particle is

A) 50 cm.
B) 30 cm.
C) 80 cm.
D) -30 cm.
E) -80 cm.

Question 11

You drive for 30 min for 30 km east and then another 30 min for 40 km north. Your average speed for the entire trip is

A) 40 km/h.
B) 50 km/h.
C) 60 km/h.
D) 70 km/h.
E) 80 km/h.

Question 12

You drive for 30 min at 100 km/h and then stop for 15 min. You then drive for 45 min at 80 km/h. Your average speed for the entire trip is

A) 73 km/h.
B) 83 km/h.
C) 88 km/h.
D) 90 km/h.
E) 97 km/h.

Question 13

The displacement of an object for a round trip between two locations

A) is always greater than zero.
B) is always less than zero.
C) is zero.
D) can be greater than or less than but not equal to zero.
E) can have any value.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT an example of one dimensional, linear motion?

A) An airliner accelerating down the runway.
B) A rocket climbing upward from a launch pad.
C) A rock dropped toward the ground.
D) An electron orbiting around an atom.
E) A swimmer swimming two lengths of a pool there and back).

Question 15

You drive for 30 min for 30 km east and then another 30 min for 40 km north. The magnitude of your average velocity for the entire trip is

A) 40 km/h.
B) 50 km/h.
C) 60 km/h.
D) 70 km/h.
E) 80 km/h.

Question 16

The graph shows how the position of a particle depends on time. Which choice is closest to the average speed of the particle in the time interval between 0 and 6 s?

A) 0.40 m/s
B) 0.67 m/s
C) 0.75 m/s
D) 1.50 m/s
E) 2.22 m/s

Question 17

In which graph of v versus t does the particle end up closest to its starting point?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 18

The graph represents the position of a particle along the x axis as a function of time. The interval in which the velocity of this particle is negative is

A) a-b
B) b-c
C) d-e
D) c-d
E) None of these are correct.

Question 19

Which graph of v versus t best describes the motion of a particle whose velocity is constant and negative?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 20

Four successive displacements of 3 km, 4 km, 5 km, and 4 km are at right angles to each other as shown in the diagram. The magnitude of the resultant displacement is

A) 2 km.
B) 16 km.
C) -16 km.
D) -2 km.
E) 0 km.

Question 21

An object moves along the x axis as shown in the diagram. At which point or points is the magnitude of its velocity the smallest?

A) A and E
B) B, D, and E
C) C only
D) E only
E) None of these are correct.

Question 22

The graph is a plot of velocity versus time for a moving object during a particular time interval. Which of the following statements is correct?

A) The acceleration of the object is zero.
B) The acceleration of the object is constant.
C) The acceleration of the object is positive and increasing in magnitude.
D) The acceleration of the object is negative and decreasing in magnitude.
E) The acceleration of the object is positive and decreasing in magnitude.

Question 23

An object moves along the x-axis as shown in the diagram. At which point or points is the object's instantaneous velocity zero?

A) A and E
B) B, D, and E
C) C only
D) E only
E) None of these are correct.

Question 24

Which graph of v versus t best describes the motion of a particle with positive velocity and negative acceleration?

A) 1)
B) 2)
C) 3)
D) 4)
E) 5)

Question 25

An object is moving in a straight line. At t = 0, its speed is 5.0 m/s. From t = 0 to t = 4.0 s, its acceleration is 2.5 m/s². From t = 4.0 s to t = 11.0 s, its speed is constant. The average speed over the entire time interval is

A) 9.5 m/s.
B) 15 m/s.
C) 13 m/s.
D) 21 m/s.
E) 8.2 m/s.

Question 26

The graph represents the position of a particle along the x axis as a function of time. Which point has the highest instantaneous velocity?

A) a
B) b
C) c
D) d
E) e

Question 27

An object is at x = -3 m and has a velocity of - 4 m/s. It is observed to be slowing down. Its acceleration is

A) positive.
B) negative.
C) zero.
D) negative until the object stops and then positive.
E) impossible to determine based on the information provided.

Question 28

A particle that is moving along a straight line decelerates uniformly from 40 cm/s to 20 cm/s in 5.0 s and then has a constant acceleration of 20 cm/s² during the next 4.0 s. The average speed over the whole time interval is

A) 57 cm/s.
B) 140 cm/s.
C) 86 cm/s.
D) 43 cm/s.
E) 97 cm/s.

Question 29

Two of the graphs shown are INCORRECT for a particle undergoing one-dimensional motion with constant acceleration. They are

A) 1) and 2).
B) 2) and 3).
C) 3) and 4).
D) 4) and 5).
E) 10 and 5).

Question 30

Which of the graphs shows motion of a particle with constant acceleration for the entire 5 s?

A) 1)
B) 2)
C) 3)
D) 4)
E) 5)

Question 31

A car accelerates uniformly from rest to a speed of 20 m/s at the end of 1 min; it then accelerates uniformly to a speed of 40 m/s at the end of the next minute. During this 2-min period, the average speed of the car is

A) 7.5 m/s.
B) 30 m/s.
C) 15 m/s.
D) 20 m/s.
E) 40 m/s.

Question 32

Which of the graphs shows motion of a particle that has zero acceleration at t = 5 s?

A) 1)
B) 2)
C) 3)
D) 4)
E) 5)

Question 33

A graph showing motion of an object is plotted with the velocity on the vertical axis and the time on the horizontal axis. The graph is a straight line. Which of these quantities CANNOT be determined from this graph?

A) The displacement from time t = 0.
B) The initial velocity at t = 0.
C) The acceleration of the object.
D) The average velocity of the object.
E) The initial position of the object.

Question 34

In which graph is the particle the farthest from the origin at t = 5 s?

A) 1)
B) 2)
C) 3)
D) 4)
E) 5)

Question 35

An object is at x = -3 m and has a velocity of 4 m/s. It is observed to be slowing down. Its acceleration is

A) positive.
B) negative.
C) zero.
D) negative until the object stops and then positive.
E) impossible to determine based on the information provided.

Question 36

Which of the graphs shows motion of a particle that never has a constant acceleration?

A) 1)
B) 2)
C) 3)
D) 4)
E) 5)

Question 37

The graph represents the position of a particle along the x axis as a function of time. Which interval has the highest magnitude of acceleration?

A) a-b
B) b-c
C) c-d
D) d-e
E) They have equal acceleration

Question 38

Which of the v versus t graphs shows a motion of a particle with the highest acceleration?

A) 1)
B) 2)
C) 3)
D) 4)
E) 5)

Question 39

Which graph of v versus t best describes the motion of a particle with negative velocity and negative acceleration?

A) 1)
B) 2)
C) 3)
D) 4)
E) 5)

Question 40

In which graph is the particle the closest to the origin at t = 5 s?

A) 1)
B) 2)
C) 3)
D) 4)
E) 5)

Question 41

For uniformly accelerated motion, which of the following quantities must be zero?

A) the initial velocity
B) the initial displacement
C) the rate of change of the acceleration
D) the rate of change of the velocity
E) the rate of change of the displacement

Question 42

On a graph that shows position on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal axis, a parabolic curve that opens upward represents

A) a motion with constant positive acceleration.
B) a motion with constant negative acceleration.
C) a motion with no acceleration.
D) a motion with positive acceleration followed by a motion with negative acceleration.
E) a motion with negative acceleration followed by a motion with positive acceleration.

Question 43

On a graph that shows position on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal axis, a parabolic curve that opens downward represents

A) a motion with constant positive acceleration.
B) a motion with constant negative acceleration.
C) a motion with no acceleration.
D) a motion with a positive acceleration followed by a motion with negative acceleration.
E) a motion with negative acceleration followed by a motion with positive acceleration.

Question 44

A Triumph sports car starts at rest and accelerates uniformly to a speed of 27.0 m/s in 11.8 s. Calculate the distance the car travels during this time interval.

A) 159 m
B) 320 m
C) 1.90 km
D) 640 m
E) 350 m

Question 45

On a graph that shows velocity on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal axis, the area under the curve represents

A) average acceleration.
B) average velocity.
C) displacement.
D) average speed.
E) no useful physical quantity.

Question 46

A vehicle is traveling in the +x direction to x = 100 m. It then reverses direction. At the instant when it changes direction, the velocity of the vehicle is

A) positive.
B) negative.
C) zero.
D) positive then negative.
E) negative then positive.

Question 47

A particle decelerates uniformly from a speed of 30 cm/s to rest in a time interval of 5.0 s. It then has a uniform acceleration of 10 cm/s² for another 5.0 s. The particle moves in the same direction along a straight line. The average speed over the whole time interval is

A) 20 cm/s.
B) 35 cm/s.
C) 38 cm/s.
D) 100 cm/s.
E) 12 cm/s.

Question 48

A particle accelerates uniformly from a speed of 30 cm/s to 40 cm/s in 5 s and thereafter moves at a constant speed of 40 cm/s for an additional 3 s. The average speed over this total time interval is

A) 35 cm/s.
B) 27 cm/s.
C) 0.45 cm/s.
D) 37 cm/s.
E) 73 cm/s.

Question 49

A vehicle is traveling in the -x direction to x = 100 m. It then reverses direction. At the instant when it changes direction, the velocity n of the vehicle is

A) positive.
B) negative.
C) zero.
D) positive then negative.
E) negative then positive.

Question 50

An object moves along the horizontal axis as shown on the diagram. At which point or points is its acceleration zero?

A) A and E
B) B, D, and E
C) C only
D) E only
E) B and D

Question 51

A Lamborghini sports car can accelerate from zero to 60 mph in 4 seconds. It can decelerate from 60 mph to rest in 36.6 m. What is the ratio of the magnitudes of average acceleration over average deceleration? 1 mile = 1600 m)

A) 1.74 * 10^-5
B) 1.47
C) 0.682
D) 0.0114
E) 0.688

Question 52

If we assume that a spaceship could accelerate from rest at a constant rate of 9.81 m/s², then how long would it take to reach 1% of the speed of light? Assume the speed of light = 3.0 *10⁸ m/s.)

A) 1.8 days
B) 3.5 days
C) 8.6 h
D) 1.5 days
E) 7.1 days

Question 53

A vehicle is traveling in the -x direction to x = 100 m. It then reverses direction. At the instant when it changes direction, the acceleration of the vehicle is

A) positive.
B) negative.
C) zero.
D) positive then negative.
E) negative then positive.

Question 54

A vehicle is traveling in the +x direction to x = 100 m. It then reverses direction. At the instant when it changes direction, the acceleration of the vehicle is

A) positive.
B) negative.
C) zero.
D) positive then negative.
E) negative then positive.

Question 55

A car and a truck, starting from rest, have the same acceleration, but the truck accelerates for twice the length of time. Compared with the car, the truck will travel

A) twice as far.
B) three times as far.
C) 1.4 times as far.
D) four times as far.
E) one-half as far.

Question 56

The distance traveled by a car in the x-direction is shown. When the car changes speed for t = 10 s to 15 s, it does so uniformly. The acceleration of the car at 5 s ____ acceleration at 20 s.

A) is less than the
B) is equal to the
C) is greater than the
D) cannot be determined for fore. depends on what happens when it is accelerating between 10 and 15 s

Question 57

On a graph that shows velocity on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal axis, zero acceleration is represented by

A) a straight line with a positive slope.
B) a straight line with a negative slope.
C) a straight line with zero slope.
D) either a positive, negative, or zero slope.
E) a curved line.

Question 58

On a graph that shows velocity on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal axis, constant acceleration is represented by

A) a straight line with a positive slope.
B) a straight line with a negative slope.
C) a straight line with zero slope.
D) either a positive, negative, or zero slope.
E) None of these are correct.

Question 59

The distance traveled by a car in the x-direction is shown. When the car changes speed for t = 10 s to 15 s, it does so uniformly. The acceleration of the car between 10 s and 15 s is

A) 1 m/s².
B) 2 m/s².
C) 3 m/s².
D) 4 m/s².
E) 5 m/s².

Question 60

On a graph that shows acceleration on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal axis, the area under the curve represents

A) average acceleration.
B) average velocity.
C) change in velocity.
D) displacement.
E) total distance.

Question 61

If we assume that a spaceship could accelerate from rest up to 1% of the speed of light at a constant rate of 9.81 m/s², how many times would the spaceship travel the distance between Earth and the sun ?

A) 3000 times
B) 3 times
C) 3 million times
D) 30 times
E) 300 times

Question 62

An object is dropped from rest near the surface of Earth. If the time interval during which it falls is doubled, the distance it falls will

A) double.
B) decrease by one-half.
C) increase by a factor of four.
D) decrease by a factor of four.
E) not change.

Question 63

A car is traveling at 120 km/h 75 mph). When applied the braking system can stop the car with a deceleration rate of 9.0 m/s². The typical reaction time for an alert driver is 0.5 s versus 2 s for a sleepy driver. Assuming a typical car length of 5 m, calculate the number of additional car lengths it takes the sleepy driver to stop compared to the alert driver.

A) 13
B) 3.0
C) 10
D) 16
E) 26

Question 64

A common statistic in car tests is the standing starting from rest) quarter-mile performance. A modern sports car can achieve a terminal speed speed at the end of the quarter-mile) of 120 mph 193 km/h). How does the average acceleration compare to g? 0.25 mile = 402 m)

A) 0.36 g
B) 2.8 g
C) 0.067 g
D) 3.57 g
E) 0.73 g

Question 65

An object is thrown upward with a velocity of 9.8 m/s from a stationary balloon that is 14.6 m above the ground. If air resistance is ignored, the total time until the object impacts the ground is

A) 1.0 s.
B) 2.0 s.
C) 3.0 s.
D) 4.0 s.
E) 6.0 s.

Question 66

A car accelerates uniformly from a velocity of 10 km/h to 30 km/h in one minute. Which graph best describes the motion of the car?

A) 1)
B) 2)
C) 3)
D) 4)
E) 5)

Question 67

A balloon is ascending at a rate of 4.00 m/s to a height of 11.0 m above the ground when a package is dropped. The time taken, in absence of air resistance, for the package to reach the ground is

A) 1.96 s.
B) 1.14 s.
C) 2.75 s.
D) 1. 50 s.
E) 0.364 s.

Question 68

An object falling near the surface of Earth has a constant acceleration of 9.8 m/s². This means that the

A) object falls 9.8 m during the first second of its motion.
B) object falls 9.8 m during each second of its motion.
C) speed of the object increases by 9.8 m/s during each second of its motion.
D) acceleration of the object increases by 9.8 m/s² during each second of its motion.
E) force of gravity on the object must be 9.8 SI units.

Question 69

An object is dropped from rest near the surface of Earth. If the time interval during which it falls is cut in half, the distance it falls will

A) double.
B) decrease by one-half.
C) increase by a factor of four.
D) decrease by a factor of four.
E) not change.

Question 70

A racecar starts from rest and accelerates at a constant rate and reaches a speed of 160 km/h 100 mph) in 6.0 seconds. It continues at this speed for another 5 seconds. What is the car's average speed during the first 11 seconds?

A) 34.3 m/s
B) 29.3 m/s
C) 22.2 m/s
D) 32.3 m/s
E) 44.4 m/s

Question 71

Which of the following statements is correct?

A) Average velocity is not a vector quantity.
B) The average velocity can always be expressed as a half of the sum of initial and final velocities.
C) An accelerating body always changes its direction of motion.
D) The instantaneous velocity is equal to the time rate of change of the displacement.
E) A body undergoing constant acceleration changes its velocity by increasing increments in succeeding equal time intervals.

Question 72

A balloon is ascending at a rate of 16 ft/s to a height of 32 ft above the ground when a package is dropped. The time taken, in the absence of air resistance, for the package to reach the ground is

A) 1.0 s.
B) 1.5 s.
C) 2.0 s.
D) 2.5 s.
E) 3.0 s.

Question 73

A balloon is ascending at a rate of +4.00 m/s to a height of 11.0 m above the ground when a package is dropped. In the absence of air resistance, the velocity of the ball when it hits the ground is

A) +15.2 m/s,
B) -15.2 m/s.
C) +14.7 m/s.
D) -14.7 m/s.
E) 0 m/s.

Question 74

A ball is dropped from the top of a building. In the absence of air resistance, the ball will hit the ground with a speed of 49 m/s. The height of the building is

A) 25 m.
B) 5.0 m.
C) 240 m.
D) 120 m.
E) 10 m.

Question 75

An object is thrown upward with a velocity of 32 ft/s from a stationary balloon that is 48 ft above the ground. If air resistance is ignored, the total time until the object impacts the ground is

A) 1.0 s.
B) 2.0 s.
C) 3.0 s.
D) 4.0 s.
E) 6.0 s.

Question 76

A projectile is fired vertically upward with a speed of 62 m/s. In the absence of air resistance, the maximum height the projectile attains is

A) 25 km.
B) 98 m.
C) 200 m.
D) 19 km.
E) 3 m.

Question 77

A particle initially at rest undergoes rectilinear i.e., straight line) motion with an acceleration that is constant in magnitude and direction. The velocity of the particle

A) is constant in magnitude and direction.
B) is constant in direction only.
C) is constant in magnitude only.
D) can change in magnitude and direction.
E) is described by none of these.

Question 78

A ball is thrown upward from an 80-ft tower with an initial vertical speed of 40 ft/s. If air resistance is ignored, the ball's speed when it reaches the ground will be

A) 67 ft/s.
B) 130 ft/s.
C) 120 ft/s.
D) 49 ft/s.
E) 82 ft/s.

Question 79

A distracted driver going along a parkway at constant speed of 14 m/s passes a police car parked at the sidelines. If the police car takes 4.0 s to take off and chases the distracted driver accelerating at a rate of 2.0 m/s², how long until it catches with the distracted driver's car?

A) 28 s
B) 21 s
C) 7.0 s
D) 110 s
E) 56 s

Question 80

The graph below shows position as a function of time for a swimmer competing in a 100-m race swimming twice the length of a 50.0 m pool). Which of the following statements regarding the motion is incorrect?

A) The average speed of the swimmer is 1.90 m/s.
B) The average velocity of the swimmer is 1.90 m/s,
C) The average velocity of the swimmer is 0.0 m/s
D) When swimming the second part of the 100-m race, the swimmer is moving with negative velocity.
E) Swimmer's average acceleration during the second part of the 100-m race is negative.