Deck 1: Experimental Psychology and the Scientific Method

Question 1

Scientific Explanation in Psychological Science Fred heard a loud crash and left his study to investigate.He found his playful, 100-pound German shepherd, Hobbes, cowering near an overturned dining room table.Since he did not observe this act of domestic mayhem, he can only establish a _____ relationship between Hobbes and the table.

A)necessary
B)necessary and sufficient
C)spatial
D)temporal

Answer 1

spatial

Question 2

From Pseudoscience to Psychological Science Which of the following illustrates a modern pseudoscience?

A)eye movement desensitization therapy
B)neurolinguistic reprogramming
C)reparenting
D)all of these

Answer 2

all of these

Question 3

The Characteristics of Modern Science According to Schlegel (1972), _____ strongly influence what we decide to observe.

A)grant funds
B)personal beliefs
C)social norms
D)theories

Answer 3

theories

Question 4

Scientific Explanation in Psychological Science Laboratory experiments may trade _____ for precision.

A)control
B)generalizability
C)realism
D)both generalizability and realism

Question 5

The Characteristics of Modern Science When there are several competing explanations of a scientific finding, the
Principle of _____ gives preference to the simplest one.

A)empiricism
B)minimalism
C)parsimony
D)self-correction

Question 6

The Characteristics of Modern Science Researchers should use _____ to counteract the influence of theories on their selection of questions for study.

A)commonsense psychology
B)good thinking
C)replication
D)self-correction

Question 7

The Characteristics of Modern Science Good thinking means that our collection and interpretation of data should be

A)systematic.
B)objective.
C)rational.
D)all of these

Question 8

The Characteristics of Modern Science Wally disproved Julie's assertion that "he only thinks about himself" by
Recalling when he helped start her car in freezing weather.Which principle did
Wally use?

A)deductive reasoning
B)good thinking
C)modus tollens
D)self-correction

Question 9

The Characteristics of Modern Science Schlegel (1972) cautioned that theories can determine

A)how we interpret observations.
B)how we report observations.
C)what we observe.
D)all of these.

Question 10

Scientific Explanation in Psychological Science In experiments, researchers most often achieve control over possible
Explanations by

A)random assignment of subjects to different treatment conditions or use of within-subjects designs.
B)presenting a treatment condition in an identical manner to all subjects.
C)keeping the environment, the procedures, and the measuring instruments constant for all subjects in the experiment.
D)using all of these methods.

Question 11

The Characteristics of Modern Science Who described the role of the "weight of evidence" in revising scientific
Explanations?

A)Aristotle
B)David Hume
C)Sir Carl Popper
D)Alfred North Whitehead

Question 12

Scientific Explanation in Psychological Science All of the following predictions meet the minimum requirements for an
Experiment except:

A)A volcano will erupt soon after an earthquake.
B)Aerobic exercise is associated with fewer depressive symptoms.
C)Produce grown using pesticides causes allergic reactions.
D)Students who study using laptop computers earn higher grades.

Question 13

The Characteristics of Modern Science Which of the following illustrates empirical data?

A)your attitude about gun control
B)your concept of friendship
C)your memories of Spring Break
D)your reaction time