Deck 43: Animal Development

Question 1

A zygote forms

A)as soon as a sperm cell penetrates an egg cell.
B)when the embryo implants in the uterine wall
C)when a fertilized egg divides to produce two cells.
D)after at least two divisions of a fertilized egg.
E)after many divisions of a fertilized egg.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Successive cell divisions convert the zygote into a multi-cell embryo during

A)meiosis.
B)parthenogenesis.
C)embryonic induction.
D)cleavage.
E)invagination.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which embryonic tissue is incorrectly associated with its derivative?

A)skin; mesoderm
B)nervous system; ectoderm
C)liver; endoderm
D)circulatory system; mesoderm
E)brain; ectoderm

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The blastula forms before this stage.

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 5

This stage occurs in the parents.

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 6

Cleavage produces the

A)zygote.
B)blastula.
C)gastrula.
D)puff.
E)third germ layer.

Question 7

Over the last two decades the incidence of multiple births has

A)increased in frequency by 60%.
B)decreased in frequency by10%.
C)remained relatively constant.
D)decreased the number of adoptions.
E)done none of these.

Question 8

In the process of blastula formation,

A)the size of individual cells decreases.
B)the number of cells increases.
C)the total amount of cytoplasm remains about the same.
D)the blastula is the same size as the zygote.
E)all of these occur.

Question 9

In December of 1998, Nkem Chukwu of Houston, Texas, gave birth to

A)pentuplets.
B)sextuplets.
C)octuplets.
D)the first human clone.
E)none of these.

Question 10

Which stage in reproduction and development occurs before the others?

A)cleavage
B)gamete formation
C)gastrula formation
D)zygote formation
E)blastula formation

Question 11

The primary tissue layers are formed in which of the following stages?

A)cleavage
B)morula
C)gastrula
D)zygote
E)blastula

Question 12

Organ formation is indicated by

A)A.
B)B.
C)C.
D)D.
E)E.

Question 13

Questions 18-22 refer to the figure above illustrating the stages of animal reproduction and development.
Primary tissue layers form by cell divisions, cell migrations, and rearrangements at this stage.

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 14

A zygote is formed at this stage.

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 15

Which of the following developmental events occurs last?

A)tissue specialization
B)gamete formation
C)gastrulation
D)cleavage
E)organ formation

Question 16

Which of the following is a single-layered, fluid-filled ball of cells?

A)cleavage
B)morula
C)gastrula
D)zygote
E)blastula

Question 17

Gastrulation produces

A)hollow balls of cells.
B)embryos with primary tissue layers.
C)solid balls of cells.
D)maternal messages.
E)all of these.

Question 18

Organs gradually assume specialized functions at this stage.

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 19

Which stage of development involves initial cellular reorganization?

A)gamete formation
B)fertilization
C)gastrulation
D)organ formation
E)tissue specialization

Question 20

The heart, muscles, bones, and blood develop primarily from

A)ectoderm.
B)mesoderm.
C)endoderm.
D)somatoderm.
E)the gray crescent.

Question 21

Muscles differentiate from which tissue?

A)ectoderm
B)endoderm
C)mesoderm
D)somatoderm
E)all of these

Question 22

If an investigator removes the mesoderm from an embryo, the development of which of the following systems is least likely to be affected?

A)circulatory system
B)muscle system
C)reproductive system
D)integumentary system
E)excretory system

Question 23

The mesoderm is responsible for the formation of all of the following organ systems EXCEPT the

A)reproductive system.
B)circulatory system.
C)nervous system.
D)muscle system.
E)excretory system.

Question 24

Select the correct sequence of animal developmental events.

A)fertilization >>> cleavage >>> gastrula >>> blastula
B)fertilization >>> cleavage >>> blastula >>> gastrula
C)fertilization >>> blastula >>> cleavage >>> gastrula
D)fertilization >>> gastrula >>> blastula >>> cleavage
E)fertilization >>> blastula >>> gastrula >>> cleavage

Question 25

The gray crescent in frogs

A)stimulates zygote formation.
B)stimulates zygote development.
C)establishes the frog's head-to-tail axis.
D)is not related to gastrulation.
E)triggers tissue specialization.

Question 26

In frogs, the gray crescent appears

A)after the egg matures.
B)after fertilization.
C)during blastula formation.
D)following gastrulation.
E)as a result of tissue specialization.

Question 27

Which of the following events occurs over the longest period of time in humans?

A)blastula formation
B)cleavage
C)fertilization
D)gastrulation
E)growth and tissue specialization