Deck 22: Protists the Simplest Eukaryotes

Question 1

The simplest of the eukaryotes are the

A)protists.
B)plants.
C)fungi.
D)animals.
E)both protists and fungi.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The apicomplexan parasite Plasmodium infects cells of which of the following?

A)blood
B)liver
C)brain
D)both blood and liver
E)blood, liver, and brain

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which is NOT a shared characteristic of parabasalids and diplomonads?

A)heterotrophy
B)flagella
C)oxygen-poor or anaerobic habitats
D)abundant mitochondria
E)presence of a pellicle

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following is true regarding Trichomonas vaginalis?

A)It is a parasite.
B)It infects the reproductive tract.
C)It uses fermentation to produce ATP.
D)Untreated infections damage the urinary and reproductive tracts.
E)All of these are true.

Question 5

Which statement is NOT true about malaria?

A)The disease is caused by an evolving organism.
B)It is transmitted from person to person by the bite of a mosquito.
C)Its mortality rate is linked to the allele for Sickle Cell Anemia.
D)Its greatest mortality rate is in Africa.
E)The number of cases reported in North America is rising.

Question 6

Which of the following are NOT protists?

A)bacteria
B)diatoms
C)slime molds
D)dinoflagellates
E)euglenoids

Question 7

Today the term "algae" is used primarily for organisms in the group(s)

A)bacteria.
B)protista.
C)plantae.
D)bacteria and protista only.
E)bacteria, protista, and plantae.

Question 8

To which of the following groups does the organism in the above figure belong?

A)diplomonads, parabasalids, trypanosomes, and euglenoids
B)ciliates, dinoflagellates, and apicomplexans
C)water molds, diatoms, and brown algae
D)chlorophyte and charophyte algae
E)amoebas and slime molds

Question 9

Which of the following is mismatched?

A)flagellated protozoans: trypanosomes
B)alveolates: ciliates
C)gren algae: diatoms
D)stramenopiles: brown algae
E)amoebozoa: slime molds

Question 10

A pellicle is a(n)

A)defensive organ.
B)covering.
C)organelle of motion.
D)storage organ.
E)component of the nucleus.

Question 11

Which of these groups is least closely related to the other four?

A)green algae
B)red algae
C)brown algae
D)plants
E)all of the above are equally closely related

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT true of euglenoids?

A)Many move by pseudopods.
B)Many contain chloroplasts.
C)Many absorb nutrients from their environment in a heterotrophic manner.
D)Their cell body is surrounded by a pellicle.
E)They use a contractile vacuole to maintain water balance.

Question 13

Which of the following is (are) monophyletic group(s) of protists?

A)amoebozoa
B)red algae
C)parabasalids and diplomonads
D)radiolarians and foraminiferans
E)all of these

Question 14

Which of these groups is (are) flagellated protist(s)?

A)parabasalids
B)euglenoids
C)diplomonads
D)kinetoplastids
E)all of these

Question 15

Which group is most closely related to fungi?

A)radiolarians
B)stramenopiles
C)alveolates
D)amoebozoans
E)oomycotes

Question 16

Most or all protist cells have

A)a nucleus.
B)a cytoskeleton.
C)larger ribosomes than those of prokaryotes.
D)mitochondria, ER, and Golgi bodies.
E)all of these.

Question 17

All EXCEPT which of these features of Giardia lamblia is correct?

A)parabasalid
B)lack mitochondria
C)common intestinal parasite of mammals
D)anaerobic
E)forms cysts that survive in water contaminated with feces

Question 18

Euglenoids

A)reproduce faster than their chloroplasts, so that colorless euglenoids result.
B)may become a serious parasitic infection in some small children.
C)that are photosynthetic have a unique eyespot.
D)reproduce by conjugation.
E)are parasitic on plant and animal hosts.

Question 19

Which feature is shared by euglenoids and kinetoplastids?

A)an eyespot
B)a single flagellum
C)photoautotrophy
D)parasitic existence
E)live in marine and freshwater habitats

Question 20

Protists are

A)autotrophic.
B)heterotrophic.
C)unicellular.
D)multicellular.
E)all of these.

Question 21

Which of the following diseases is NOT caused by a flagellated protist?

A)malaria
B)African sleeping sickness
C)Chagas disease
D)vaginal trichomoniasis
E)intestinal giardiasis

Question 22

What feature is common to all the alveolates?

A)heterotrophy
B)lung-like sacs used for respiration
C)bioluminescence
D)complex life cycle with two hosts
E)numerous small membrane-bound sacs beneath the plasma membrane

Question 23

Which group does NOT belong to the alveolates?

A)apicomplexans
B)diatoms
C)free-living ciliates
D)dinoflagellates
E)parasitic ciliates

Question 24

Red tide neurotoxins are produced by members of which group?

A)chrysophytes
B)dinoflagellates
C)flagellated protozoans
D)ciliates
E)oomycotes

Question 25

To which of the following groups does the organism in the above figure belong?

A)diplomonads, parabasalids, trypanosomes, and euglenoids
B)ciliates, dinoflagellates, and apicomplexans
C)water molds, diatoms, and brown algae
D)chlorophyte and charophyte algae
E)amoebas and slime molds

Question 26

The term "plankton"

A)refers to a taxonomic division of algae.
B)is a common term for unicellular organisms that drift or swim weakly in water.
C)includes only multicellular forms.
D)refers to small aquatic plants.
E)would apply to large brown algae.

Question 27

To which of the following groups does the organism in the above figure belong?

A)diplomonads, parabasalids, trypanosomes, and euglenoids
B)ciliates, dinoflagellates, and apicomplexans
C)water molds, diatoms, and brown algae
D)chlorophyte and charophyte algae
E)none of the above

Question 28

Which of the following about Toxoplasmosis is true?

A)It is a parasite.
B)It is commonly found in cats allowed to go outdoors.
C)Pregnant women should avoid cleaning cat litter boxes.
D)It is frequently fatal to HIV patients.
E)All of these are true.

Question 29

When under attack, ciliates can eject sticky threads called

A)vacuoles.
B)trichocysts.
C)cysts.
D)pseudopods.
E)pellicles.

Question 30

Paramecium is a representative of the

A)apicomplexans.
B)amoebozoans.
C)flagellated protists.
D)euglenoids.
E)ciliates.

Question 31

Red tides and extensive fish kills are caused by population blooms of

A)Euglena.
B)specific dinoflagellates.
C)diatoms.
D)Plasmodium.
E)fish.

Question 32

Protists cause all EXCEPT which of the following diseases?

A)dysentery
B)neurotoxic shellfish poisoning
C)malaria
D)elephantiasis
E)trichomonal infections of the reproductive tract

Question 33

Foraminiferans

A)are unicellular heterotrophs.
B)are marine.
C)are shelled.
D)have hundreds of thin pseudopods.
E)are all of these.

Question 34

Which of the following specialized structures is NOT correctly paired with a function?

A)gullet; ingestion
B)cilia; food gathering
C)contractile vacuole; digestion
D)contractile vacuole; water balance
E)pellicle; flexible support

Question 35

The above organism is responsible for fish kills and belongs to which of the following groups?

A)chrysophytes
B)dinoflagellates
C)flagellated protozoans
D)ciliates
E)oomycotes

Question 36

All EXCEPT which of the following are protistan parasites of humans?

A)Trypanosoma
B)Trichomonas
C)Euglena
D)Entamoeba
E)Plasmodium

Question 37

Which of the following is INCORRECT concerning Radiolarians?

A)They have perforated shells of calcium carbonate.
B)They form part of the plankton.
C)They use pseudopods for feeding.
D)They have vacuoles that impart buoyancy.
E)They are heterotrophic protists.

Question 38

The calcium-rich remains of protists are now found

A)in sea floor sediments.
B)in limestone rock formations.
C)in the white cliffs of Dover, England.
D)in the Egyptian pyramids.
E)in all of these places.

Question 39

Dinoflagellates

A)may produce red tides that poison and kill fish.
B)produce a poison that builds up in the tissues of shellfish and may kill humans who eat infected shellfish.
C)may undergo a population explosion that turns the ocean red or various colors.
D)commonly are photosynthetic marine plankton.
E)are all of these.

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT a feature of trypanosomes?

A)exclusively anaerobic
B)single, large mitochondrion
C)cause widespread and serious infections of humans and cattle in the tropics
D)life cycle involves an intermediate, blood-sucking insect host
E)causative agents of Chagas disease and African sleeping sickness

Question 41

The pigment that gives color to diatoms is

A)phycobilin.
B)chlorophyll.
C)algin.
D)fucoxanthin.
E)carrageenan.

Question 42

Sources for a thickening, emulsifying agent found in ice cream, salad dressing, beer, cough syrup, and cosmetics are

A)diatoms.
B)ferns.
C)brown algae.
D)green algae.
E)none of these.

Question 43

Use the figure above to answer questions

The organism shown here represents the __________ stage in the life cycle.

A)sporophyte
B)gametophyte
C)haploid
D)motile
E)feeding

Question 44

Macrocystis, kelp, and Sargassum are examples of

A)red algae.
B)chlorophytes.
C)brown algae.
D)bryophytes.
E)pterophytes.

Question 45

The gritty substance you may feel on your teeth after using toothpaste is actually

A)small deposits of sand.
B)diatomaceous earth.
C)cellulose from dinoflagellates.
D)a synthetic abrasive.
E)derived from foraminiferans.

Question 46

The largest algae are included in which of the following groups?

A)brown algae
B)red algae
C)green algae
D)chrysophytes
E)seed plants

Question 47

Which of the following parts of a brown alga do(es) NOT have a counterpart in land plants?

A)blade
B)stipe
C)float
D)holdfast
E)all of these

Question 48

The failure of the potato crop and the subsequent Irish famine was due mainly to a protist belonging to which group?

A)chytrids
B)slime molds
C)club fungi
D)parabasalids
E)water molds

Question 49

Species of __________ infect crop plants such as potatoes and forest trees such as oak.

A)dinoflagellates
B)foraminiferans
C)yeasts
D)water molds
E)prions

Question 50

Use the figure above to answer questions

Which of the following is a commercial product derived from this organism?

A)limestone
B)algin
C)agar
D)nori
E)chalk

Question 51

Which of these statements is false regarding stramenopiles?

A)They have unique flagella with tinsel-like filaments.
B)Some species are unicellular.
C)They include diatoms and red algae.
D)Most are photosynthetic.
E)Their chloroplast structure hints at endosymbiotic origins.

Question 52

Most freshwater algae belong to which group?

A)red algae
B)green algae
C)brown algae
D)golden algae
E)blue-green algae

Question 53

Use the figure above to answer questions

The organism shown here lives in

A)tropical seas.
B)cool oceans.
C)freshwater lakes and rivers.
D)temperate forests.
E)wetlands.

Question 54

Use the figure above to answer questions

The large organism shown here belongs to the __________ group?

A)kinetoplastids
B)diplomonads
C)green algae
D)red algae
E)brown algae

Question 55

The stramenopiles include the

A)oomycotes.
B)brown algae.
C)Sargassum and Saprolegnia
D)diatoms.
E)all of these.

Question 56

Which of the following is false about the diatoms?

A)They have been around for millions of years.
B)They are important marine primary producers.
C)They have overlapping pillbox-like shells.
D)Their shells are made of calcium carbonate.
E)They are important in the global cycling of carbon.

Question 57

Water molds are

A)parasites of fish and invertebrates.
B)the cause of late blight of potatoes.
C)the cause of sudden oak death.
D)responsible for the destruction of cucumber, squash, and other crops.
E)all of these.

Question 58

Which of the following organisms is responsible for the disease called sudden oak disease?

A)Balantidium coli
B)Phytophthora ramorum
C)Macrocystis
D)Yersinia pestis
E)none of these

Question 59

Holdfasts, gas-filled floats, and a thick, leathery surface are found in species of

A)red algae.
B)brown algae.
C)bryophytes.
D)green algae.
E)euglenoids.

Question 60

Use the figure above to answer questions

Which letter points to the counterpart of a stem in a flowering plant?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)none of these

Question 61

Which pigment(s) is (are) characteristic of chlorophytes?

A)chlorophyll a
B)phycobilins
C)chlorophyll b
D)phycoerythrins
E)chlorophylls a and b

Question 62

Chlorophytes

A)are very diverse in size.
B)may be unicellular, multicellular, or colonial.
C)inhabit freshwater, marine, and soil habitats.
D)include symbiotic species.
E)are all of these.

Question 63

Agar is produced by

A)brown algae.
B)red algae.
C)phycobilins.
D)foraminiferans.
E)brown and red algae.

Question 64

The red algae are classified as

A)rhodophytes.
B)chlorophytes.
C)phaeophytes.
D)bryophytes.
E)pterophytes.

Question 65

Chloroplasts of red algae may have evolved from ancient endosymbiotic

A)cyanobacteria.
B)dinoflagellates.
C)apicomplexans.
D)archaeans.
E)nitrifying bacteria.

Question 66

Cellular slime molds can be distinguished from plasmodial slime molds on the basis of

A)reproductive structures.
B)spore formation.
C)number of nuclei per cell.
D)slime trails.
E)food requirements.

Question 67

Which is false about plasmodial slime molds?

A)They are known as "social amoebas."
B)They live in leaf litter and soils of temperate forests.
C)They lack a diploid stage in the life cycle.
D)They feature a multinucleated mass that arises from repeated mitotic activity without accompanying cytokinesis.
E)They feed on decaying organic material and microbes.

Question 68

Red algae

A)are primarily marine organisms.
B)are thought to have developed from green algae.
C)contain xanthophylls as their main accessory pigments.
D)are mostly unicellular.
E)are all of these.

Question 69

Red algae yield which of these commercial products?

A)carrageenan
B)nori wrappers for sushi
C)algin
D)agar
E)all EXCEPT algin

Question 70

The group Amoebozoa

A)is monophyletic.
B)includes the amoebas.
C)includes the slime molds.
D)includes species most of which are able to form pseudopods.
E)includes all of these.

Question 71

The signal for aggregation and communal activity by cellular slime molds is

A)auxin.
B)cyclic-AMP.
C)glycoprotein slime.
D)RNA.
E)unidentified as yet.

Question 72

Slime molds are classified as

A)protists.
B)fungi.
C)amoebozoans.
D)protists and amoebozoans.
E)protists, fungi, and amoebozoans.

Question 73

All EXCEPT which are true for Entamoeba histolytica?

A)It is a parasite inhabiting the human gut.
B)It is the cause of amoebic dysentery.
C)50 million people are infected annually by this species.
D)The organism is transmitted from person to person by an insect vector.
E)This organism is transmitted through contaminated drinking water.

Question 74

The unicellular alga Chlamydomonas

A)lacks an asexual stage.
B)lacks a sexual stage.
C)lacks a haploid and a diploid phase.
D)possesses both a haploid and a diploid phase.
E)produces thick-walled resistant spores.