Deck 1: Measuring Matter and Energy

Question 1

This state of matter has the highest kinetic energy.

A) solid
B) liquid
C) gas
D) solid and liquid
E) liquid and gas

Answer 1

gas

Question 2

The illustration below shows two metal blocks, one hot and one cold, placed together so their sides are touching. What do you expect to happen to the temperature of the blocks as time passes?

A) Nothing
B) The temperature of the hot block will decrease and the temperature of the cold block will increase a little bit, but the hot block will always stay a bit warmer than the cold one.
C) The temperature of the cold block will decrease, and the temperature of the hot block will increase.
D) The hot block will cool down, but the temperature of the cold block will not change.
E) The temperature of the cold block will increase, and the temperature of the hot block will decrease until the temperature of the two blocks is the same.

Answer 2

The temperature of the cold block will increase, and the temperature of the hot block will decrease until the temperature of the two blocks is the same.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT an example of a physical change?

A) freezing water to make ice
B) ice cream melting in a bowl
C) boiling water
D) water condensing on the surface of a glass of ice tea
E) onions browning as they are cooked

Answer 3

onions browning as they are cooked

Question 4

A person with a T-score of less than 2.5 has a bone mineral density that ______ normal and is said to have ______.

A) is; normal bone density
B) is less than; normal bone density
C) is less than; osteoporosis
D) is greater than; osteopenia
E) is; osteopenia

Question 5

Which state of matter has a volume that is constant or fixed?

A) solid
B) liquid
C) gas
D) solid and liquid
E) liquid and gas

Question 6

Which of the following describes the potential energy of an object or set of objects?

A) water flowing down hill
B) water is a reservoir
C) a person running the 50-yard dash
D) a car speeding up a hill
E) a student pushing open a door

Question 7

The illustration below shows two metal blocks, one hot and one cold, placed together so their sides are touching. How does atomic motion change as time passes

A) Atomic motion does not change as time passes.
B) Atomic motion does change, but it is not predictable how it will change.
C) Atoms in the hot block slow down, and atoms in the cold block speed up.
D) Atoms in the cold block slow down, and atoms in the hot block speed up.
E) Atoms in both the cold and hot block speed up.

Question 8

How does the kinetic energy of the hot and cold bricks below change as time passes?

A) The kinetic energy of the bricks does not change as time passes.
B) Kinetic energy increases in both blocks.
C) Kinetic energy in the hot block decreases and kinetic energy in the cold block increases.
D) Kinetic energy in the hot block increases and kinetic energy in the cold block decreases.
E) Kinetic energy decreases in both blocks.

Question 9

The speed of molecules and atoms in this state of matter is the slowest.

A) solid
B) liquid
C) gas
D) solid and liquid
E) liquid and gas

Question 10

Identify whether the following represent the microscopic, macroscopic, or atomic scale. i. Hemoglobin ii. Person iii. Red blood cell

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 11

Which of the following describes the kinetic energy of an object or set of objects?

A) water flowing down hill
B) water in a reservoir
C) the forces between two molecules
D) the chemical bonds in a peanut butter and jelly sandwich
E) a book on top of a shelf

Question 12

A molecule of hemoglobin is described as being on the _____ scale.

A) macroscopic
B) microscopic
C) atomic
D) both macro- and microscopic
E) both microscopic and atomic

Question 13

Below are five descriptions of the kinetic and potential energy of objects. Which is a description of potential energy?
I. water moving a waterwheel
II. a skateboarder at the top of a halfpipe
III. the blades of a fan turning
IV. hot water molecules moving rapidly in a cup of tea
V. a parachutist ready to jump out of a plane

A) I only
B) II and V
C) II, III, and V
D) I, III, and IV
E) All of the above

Question 14

Heat is _________ energy, while temperature is a _________________.

A) potential; measure of potential energy
B) kinetic; measure of kinetic energy
C) potential; measure of kinetic energy
D) kinetic; measure of potential energy
E) Actually, both heat and temperature are forms of kinetic energy.

Question 15

Label each box with the appropriate state of matter.

A) I: gas II: liquid III: solid
B) I: liquid II: solid III: gas
C) I: solid II: liquid III: gas
D) I: gas II: solid III: liquid
E) I: solid II: gas III: liquid

Question 16

This state of matter changes shape depending upon the shape of its container.

A) solid
B) liquid
C) gas
D) solid and liquid
E) liquid and gas

Question 17

Chemistry attempts to explain the behavior of matter on the _____ so that we can better understand the properties of matter that we observe on the _____.

A) microscopic scale; macroscopic scale
B) microscopic scale; atomic scale
C) atomic scale; microscopic scale
D) macroscopic scale; atomic scale
E) atomic scale; macroscopic scale

Question 18

Below are five descriptions of the kinetic and potential energy of objects. Which is a description of kinetic energy?
I. water moving a waterwheel
II. a skateboarder at the top of a halfpipe
III. the blades of a fan turning
IV. hot water molecules moving rapidly in a cup of tea
V. a parachutist ready to jump out of a plane

A) I only
B) II and V
C) II, III, and V
D) I, III, and IV
E) All of the above

Question 19

Atoms and molecules in this state of matter are the most highly ordered.

A) solid
B) liquid
C) gas
D) solid and liquid
E) liquid and gas

Question 20

How are physical changes different than chemical changes?

A) They aren't different at all.
B) Chemical changes are much more common than physical changes.
C) Chemical changes are much faster than physical changes.
D) Chemical changes involve making and breaking bonds and physical changes do not.
E) Chemical changes involve changes of state and physical changes do not.

Question 21

What is being measured by the ruler (ruler A)?

A) volume
B) weight
C) grams
D) length
E) temperature

Question 22

Which of the following units of energy is equal to one thousand calories?

A) 1 Calorie only
B) 1 kcal only
C) 1 joule only
D) 1 kcal and 1 Calorie
E) 1 kcal and 1 kJ

Question 23

The cubic centimeter (cm³ or cc) is the same volume as a

A) centimeter.
B) milliliter.
C) centiliter.
D) deciliter.
E) liter.

Question 24

Which of the following is most likely to be 1.1 m tall?

A) a giraffe
B) a 5-year-old girl
C) a man
D) an infant
E) All four are equally likely to be 1.1 m tall.

Question 25

A juice box is 10.0 cm  5.5 cm  4.0 cm. What is the maximum amount of juice that the box can contain?

A) 220 cm³
B) 110 cm³
C) 220 cm²
D) 110 cm²
E) 220 cm

Question 26

How long is the bar above the ruler?

A) 2.5 cm
B) 2.6 cm
C) 2.59 cm
D) 3 cm
E) 2 cm

Question 27

Which of the following measurements includes a base unit?

A) 298 mg
B) 2.981 g
C) 5  10³ kg
D) 3.6 mL
E) 168 mm

Question 28

Which of the following is most likely to weigh 90 kg?

A) a computer
B) a zebra
C) a man
D) a baby girl
E) All four are equally likely to weigh 90 kg.

Question 29

Which of the following is likely to be shorter than 1 m?

A) the length of a car
B) the height of an average adult
C) the width of a computer screen
D) the height of a one-story building
E) the length of an adult giraffe's neck

Question 30

An aluminum ball is dropped into the graduated cylinder and the water level increases. If the ball has a volume of 6.8 mL, what is the new volume reading in the graduated cylinder?

A) 6.8 mL
B) 83 mL
C) 90.7 mL
D) 96.8 mL
E) It is not possible to predict the volume without the density of aluminum.

Question 31

There are five different objects with the diameters shown below. Which of these objects cannot be seen with the naked eye?

A) 1.0 nm
B) 1.0 mm
C) 1.0 μm
D) 1.0 dm
E) 1.0 cm

Question 32

Which of the following measurements represents the least mass?

A) 0.1 mg
B) 1000 μg
C) 0.001 g
D) 1 cg
E) 0.010 kg

Question 33

Which of the following units for measuring energy is typically used in nutritional applications?

A) calorie
B) Calorie
C) Joule
D) joule
E) All of the above

Question 34

Which of the following statements best describes the unit "milliliter"?

A) It is a prefix followed by a base unit.
B) It is a base unit.
C) It is a prefix followed by a derived unit.
D) It is a derived unit.
E) It is a base unit followed by a suffix.

Question 35

Which of the following measurements is larger than 1.0 meters?

A) 10 cm
B) 0.0001 km
C) 0.01 km
D) 100 mm
E) 1000 μm

Question 36

Which of the following equalities is NOT correct?

A) 1 cm = 10^-2 m
B) 10³ g = 1 kg
C) 10^-3 mL = 1 L
D) 10⁹ nm = 1 m
E) 1 L = 10 dL

Question 37

A graduated cylinder contains water with some food coloring in it. What is being measured?

A) volume
B) weight
C) distance
D) length
E) temperature

Question 38

Every measurement consists of

A) a number followed by a unit.
B) only whole numbers.
C) a fraction.
D) a number followed by a description of the device used to take the measurement.
E) There are no characteristics that all measurements share.

Question 39

Which of the following equalities is correct?

A) 1 mL = 1 cm³
B) 1 L = 1 cm³
C) 1 mL = 1 cm²
D) 1 L = 1 cm²
E) 1 mL = 1 cm

Question 40

How many nanometers are in a meter?

A) 1 x 10^-9
B) 1 x 10⁹
C) 1 x 10^-12
D) 1 x 10³
E) 1 x 10^-6

Question 41

Which of the following measurements has three significant figures?

A) 0.0058 m
B) 580.0 m
C) 5800 m
D) 0.058 m
E) 0.0580 m

Question 42

To make this table, four different people took three measurements each of the distance between the chemistry building and the cafeteria on campus. Each person used a different measuring device and therefore arrived at a different set of measurements. The true distance is 152 meters. Which person is the least precise and the least accurate?

A) person A
B) person B
C) person C
D) person D
E) All are equally inaccurate and imprecise.

Question 43

The number of significant digits in a measurement is

A) all of the digits that are known exactly.
B) all of the digits that are known exactly plus one uncertain digit.
C) a way to communicate the precision of a measurement.
D) Both a and c above
E) Both b and c above

Question 44

Which of the following is a measured number?

A) the number of eggs in a dozen
B) the number of people in this room
C) the number of milligrams in a gram
D) the number of years in a century
E) the number of grams in one ounce

Question 45

Using significant figures, what is the product of 0.021  0.118  1020?

A) 2.52756
B) 2.528
C) 2.53
D) 2.5
E) 3

Question 46

The following illustrates the digital readout of two different balances. Which of the following balances is more precise? Which is more accurate?

A) Balance A is more precise and more accurate than balance B
B) Balance B is more accurate than balance A, but less precise.
C) Balance A is more accurate than balance B, but less precise.
D) Balance B is more precise and more accurate than balance A
E) Balance B is more precise than balance A, but it is not possible to compare accuracy based on the information given.

Question 47

You are asked to administer 3.50 mL of a liquid medication. Which measuring device would be the best choice for measuring 3.50 mL?

A) A medicine cup
B) A syringe
C) A medicine cup and a syringe are equally good choices.
D) It would depend on the composition of the medication.
E) It is not possible to determine the answer with the given information.

Question 48

To make this table, four different people took three measurements each of the distance between the chemistry building and the cafeteria on campus. Each person used a different measuring device and therefore arrived at a different set of measurements. The true distance is 152 meters. Which person is precise, but not very accurate?

A) person A
B) person B
C) person C
D) person D
E) All are equally precise.

Question 49

A patient is given 5.00 mL of a medication that contains 0.0012 g of active ingredient per mL. To determine the amount of active ingredient administered, the product of the two numbers is calculated (5.00 mL  0.0012 g/mL). Using significant figures, what is this product?

A) 0.006 g
B) 0.0060 g
C) 0.00600 g
D) 6.00 g
E) 0 g

Question 50

A patient's fluid intake is monitored over a six-hour period. If the patient drinks 232.0 mL, 300. mL, and 41 mL of water, what is the total volume of the fluid intake?

A) 573.0 mL
B) 573 mL
C) 570 mL
D) 600 mL
E) 57 mL

Question 51

Convert 0.038 L to milliliters.

A) 3.8 mL
B) 38 mL
C) 380 mL
D) 3.8  10^2 mL
E) 3.8  10^5 mL

Question 52

The number of significant figures in the measurement 5.40  10⁵ kg is

A) one.
B) two.
C) three.
D) five.
E) eight.

Question 53

Using significant figures, what is the sum of 12.01 + 1011 + 0.113?

A) 1023.123
B) 1023.12
C) 1023
D) 1020
E) 1000

Question 54

Measurements taken with ruler A and ruler B differ slightly. In what way do the measurements differ?

A) A measurement taken with ruler A has two more significant digits than ruler B
B) A measurement taken with ruler B has two more significant digits than ruler A
C) A measurement taken with ruler A has one more significant digit than ruler B
D) A measurement taken with ruler B has one more significant digit than ruler A
E) Measurements taken with ruler A and B are the same.

Question 55

To make this table, four different people took three measurements each of the distance between the chemistry building and the cafeteria on campus. Each person used a different measuring device and therefore arrived at a different set of measurements. The true distance is 152 meters. Which person is most accurate and precise?

A) person A
B) person B
C) person C
D) person D
E) All are equally accurate and precise.

Question 56

Which of the following unit conversions are useful when converting 312 mg to kilograms?

A) I and III
B) II and IV
C) I and IV
D) II and III
E) All of them are useful.

Question 57

Which statement comparing the accuracies and precisions of ruler A and ruler B is correct?

A) Ruler A is more precise and more accurate than ruler B
B) Ruler B is more accurate than ruler A, but less precise.
C) Ruler A is more accurate than ruler B, but less precise.
D) Ruler B is more precise and more accurate than ruler A
E) Ruler A is more precise than ruler B, but it is not possible to compare accuracy based on the information given.

Question 58

The number of significant figures in the measurement of 0.004500 cm³ is

A) two
B) four
C) five
D) six
E) seven

Question 59

Which of the following is an exact number?

A) the number of milligrams in a gram
B) the number of meters in a kilometer
C) the number of micrometers in a centimeter
D) the number of cubic centimeters in a liter
E) All of the above

Question 60

How many micrometers are there in 52.6 km?

A) 5.26  10^8 μm
B) 0.0526 μm
C) 5260 μm
D) 5.26  10⁹ μm
E) 5.26  10¹⁰ μm

Question 61

Tylenol is ordered for a child weighing 42 pounds at a dosage of 15 mg per kilogram of body weight. You need to determine how many mg of Tylenol should be administered to this child in a single dose. In order to answer this question, it is also necessary to use a conversion factor that must be looked up in a table (or have memorized). Which conversion factor is this?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) Both III and IV

Question 62

Tylenol is ordered for a child weighing 42 pounds at a dosage of 15 mg per kilogram of body weight. You need to determine how many mg of Tylenol should be administered to this child in a single dose. Which of the following equations is set up to find the answer to this problem?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 63

What is the density of substance with a mass of 10.6 g and a volume of 12.0 mL?

A) 0.883 g/mL
B) 1.4 g/mL
C) 22.6 g/mL
D) 1.13 mL/g
E) 127 gmL

Question 64

Which of the following conversion factors are useful when converting 312 mg to kilograms?

A) II and III
B) II and IV
C) I and IV
D) I and III
E) All of them are useful.

Question 65

How many mg of Tylenol should be administered to this child in a single dose?

A) 14 mg
B) 19 mg
C) 300 mg
D) 290 mg
E) 630 mg

Question 66

The smallest bone on the body, the stirrup-shaped stapes found in the middle ear, has a typical length of less than 0.33 cm. How long is typical maximum length of the stapes in inches?

A) 7.7 in
B) 1 in
C) 0.84 in
D) 0.8 in
E) 0.13 in

Question 67

Tylenol is ordered for a child weighing 42 pounds at a dosage of 15 mg per kilogram of body weight. You need to determine how many mg of Tylenol should be administered to this child in a single dose. In order to answer this question, a conversion is used that is actually written within the body of the question. Which factor is this?

A) 42 pounds = 15 mg of Tylenol
B) 42 pounds = 1 kilogram of body weight
C) 15 mg of Tylenol = 1 kilogram of body weight
D) 15 mg of Tylenol = 1 pound of body weight
E) 1 pound = 1 kilogram of body weight

Question 68

Which of the following conversions are needed to convert 36.2 inches to centimeters?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) I and II

Question 69

Oil floats on water because oil is ______ than water.

A) heavier
B) less dense
C) lighter
D) denser
E) lower in volume

Question 70

Convert 312 mg to kilograms.

A) 3.12  10^4 kg
B) 3.12 kg
C) 0.312 kg
D) 3.12  10⁵ kg
E) 3.12  10⁸ kg

Question 71

Water has a density of 1.0 g/mL. What is the mass of 25 mL of water?

A) 0.25 g
B) 2.5 g
C) 25 g
D) 250 g
E) 25 kg

Question 72

A patient weighs 78 kg. What is his weight in pounds?

A) 35 lb
B) 78 lb
C) 80 lb
D) 170 lb
E) 1.7 x 10⁵ lb

Question 73

A 1.0  10² Watt light bulb uses 6.0  10³ J of energy per minute. How many Calories of energy does a 1.0  10² W light bulb use in one minute?

A) 1.4 Calories
B) 250 Calories
C) 1400 Calories
D) 6 x 10³ Calories
E) 2.5 x 10⁴ Calories

Question 74

Which of the following equations is set up to convert 312 mg to kilograms?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 75

Tylenol is ordered for a child weighing 42 pounds at a dosage of 15 mg per kilogram of body weight. You need to determine how many mg of Tylenol should be administered to this child in a single dose. Which of the following units will be in the answer to this question (i.e., is requested)?

A) pounds of body weight
B) kilograms of body weight
C) milligrams of Tylenol
D) ounces of Tylenol
E) tablets of Tylenol

Question 76

A child's height is 36.2 inches. What is her height in centimeters?

A) 91.95 cm
B) 92 cm
C) 91.9 cm
D) 14.25 cm
E) 14.3 cm

Question 77

A medium apple provides about 80 Calories. How many calories are provided by the apple?

A) 0.0008 calories
B) 0.008 calories
C) 80 calories
D) 8000 calories
E) 8  10⁴ calories

Question 78

Which of the following conversion factors are required to convert 36.2 inches to centimeters?

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) None of them are required.

Question 79

A child's height is 36.2 inches and she wants to know her height in centimeters. In this problem, ______ is the supplied unit and ______ is the requested unit.

A) centimeters; inches
B) meters; inches
C) inches; centimeters
D) inches; meters
E) meters; centimeters

Question 80

Tetracycline is a short acting antibiotic. It discolors developing teeth and so is not normally prescribed for children under 8 or pregnant women. An 11-year-old, 84-lb child is prescribed 35 mg/kg tetracycline per day for 10 days. What is the daily dose of tetracycline that should be administered to the child?

A) 5.3 mg
B) 53 mg
C) 1.3 g
D) 1.3 mg
E) 2.9 g