Deck 10: One-Factor Between-Subjects Analysis of Variance

Question 1

10-14 In a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance, measures only error variation of the scores within treatment conditions.

A)F
B)MSError
C)MSA
D)the between-groups variance

Answer 1

B

Question 2

In an analysis of variance, a variance is called a(n).

A)mean square
B)sum of squares
C)sigma squared
D)eta squared

Answer 2

A

Question 3

10-20 Thirty-six subjects were used in a one-factor between-subjects experiment with three levels of an independent variable. If the group sizes were equal, what is the value of a?

A)36
B)12
C)3
D)cannot tell from the

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Mean square is another term for a.

A)mean
B)sample
C)population
D)variance

Question 5

A one-factor multilevel design has.

A)one independent variable and one level of that independent variable
B)two independent variables and one level of each independent variable
C)two independent variables and two levels of each independent variable
D)one independent variable and three or more levels of that independent variable

Question 6

10-10 In a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance, the mean square for error variance is also known as the variance.

A)within-groups
B)between-groups
C)common-groups
D)independent-groups

Question 7

10-17 A MS is obtained in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance by.

Question 8

In a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance, the total variation in scores is sorted into two sources:.

A)sums of squares and degrees of freedom
B)between-groups variation and inter-groups variation
C)between-groups and within-groups variation
D)independent variation and common variation

Question 9

The analysis of variance can assess.

A)the effects of an independent variable with two or more levels
B)a dependent variable with three or more levels
C)only studies with two levels of the independent variable
D)data representing nominal measurement

Question 10

10-12 In a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance, the F statistic is defined as.

Question 11

10-19 Assume that an experiment used a one-factor between-subjects design with four groups and that each group consisted of eight participants. What would be the value of a?

A)8
B)4
C)32
D)10

Question 12

10-16 If the independent variable has an effect in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance, then MSA.

A)should be smaller than MSError
B)will be larger or smaller than MSError depending on the strength of the effect
C)and MSError should be about the same
D)should be larger than MSError

Question 13

10-13 In a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance, measures the effect of the independent variable as well as sampling error.

A)MSError
B)F
C)MSA
D)the within-groups variance

Question 14

Which of the following is a major limitation of tind?

A)The sample sizes must be equal.
B)It can compare data from only two groups at a time.
C)The value of alpha may only be set at .05.
D)The underlying assumptions regarding the populations can never be violated.

Question 15

10-15 If the independent variable has no effect in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance, then the F statistic will.

A)be approximately zero
B)be either negative or positive, depending on the direction of skewness in the sampling distribution
C)be approximately 1.00
D)not be able to be estimated

Question 16

10-18 The total variation of a subject's score in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance can be separated into the.

A)mean and the standard deviation
B)between-groups and within-groups components
C)effects of the independent variable and the dependent variable
D)sum of squares and degrees of freedom

Question 17

An experiment with one independent variable and three or more levels of the independent variable is called a(n) design.

A)one-factor t design
B)one-factor multilevel design
C)one-factor many levels design
D)two-factor multilevel design

Question 18

10-11 In a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance, the mean square for factor A is also known as the variance.

A)within-groups
B)between-groups
C)common-groups
D)independent-groups

Question 19

In contrast to the analysis of variance, tind is limited because.

A)the means must be based on the same number of scores
B)the assumptions of the t test are more rigid
C)the value of alpha may only be .05
D)only two groups can be compared at one time

Question 20

In a one-factor multilevel design, the grand mean of all the scores is identified as.

Question 21

10-26 The term represents the total variation in the partitioned score of a subject in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance.

Question 22

10-31 The term is involved in the computation of SS in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance.

A)Total
B)A
C)Error
D)Between-groups

Question 23

10-24 Thirty-six subjects were used in a one-factor between-subjects experiment with three levels of an independent variable. If the group sizes were equal, what is the value of N?

A)36
B)12
C)3
D)cannot tell from the

Question 24

10-40 The dfA in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance is equal to.

A)N - 1
B)a - 2
C)a - 1
D)N - a

Question 25

10-25 Which of the following equations is correct for partitioning a score in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance?

Question 26

10-22 Assume that an experiment used a one-factor between-subjects design with four groups and that each group consisted of eight participants. What would be the value of nA ?

A)8
B)4
C)32
D)10

Question 27

10-29 The deviation represented by reflects the in the partitioned score of a subject in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance.

A)effect of factor A alone
B)effect of factor A plus sampling error
C)total variation
D)within-groups error variation

Question 28

10-23 Thirty-six participants were used in a one-factor between-subjects experiment with three levels of an independent variable. If the group sizes were equal, what is the value of nA?

A)36
B)12
C)3
D)cannot tell from the

Question 29

10-36 The SSA in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance represents the variation.

A)of the individual scores from the grand mean
B)of group means from the grand mean
C)of scores within the treatment groups
D)in degrees of freedom

Question 30

10-32 The term is involved in the computation of SS in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance.

A)Total
B)A
C)Error
D)Within-groups

Question 31

10-37 SSTotal in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance is equal to SSA SSError.

A)minus
B)divided by
C)multiplied by
D)plus

Question 32

10-21 Assume that an experiment used a one-factor between-subjects design with four groups and that each group consisted of eight subjects. What would be the value of N?

A)8
B)4
C)32
D)10

Question 33

10-33 The deviation represented by reflects the in the partitioned score of a subject in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance.

A)effect of factor A alone
B)effect of factor A plus sampling error
C)total variation
D)within-groups error variation

Question 34

10-28 The term represents within-groups error variation in the partitioned score of a subject in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance.

Question 35

10-30 The deviation represented by reflects the in the partitioned score of a subject in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance.

A)effect of factor A alone
B)effect of factor A plus sampling error
C)total variation
D)within-groups error variation

Question 36

10-27 The term represents the effect of the independent variable and sampling error in the partitioned score of a subject in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance.

Question 37

10-34 The term is involved in the computation of SS in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance.

A)Total
B)A
C)Error
D)Between-groups

Question 38

10-35 The SSError in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance represents the variation .

A)of the individual scores from the grand mean
B)of group means from the grand mean
C)of scores within the treatment groups
D)in degrees of freedom

Question 39

10-39 The dfTotal in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance is equal to.

A)N - 1
B)N + 1
C)a - 1
D)N - a

Question 40

10-38 The SSTotal in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance represents the variation .

A)of the individual scores from the grand mean
B)of group means from the grand mean
C)of scores within the treatment groups
D)in degrees of freedom

Question 41

10-44 The dfTotal for a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance is equal to dfA dfError.

A)plus
B)minus
C)multiplied by
D)divided by

Question 42

10-51 If SSTotal = 100.00, SSA = 40.00, SSError = 60.00, dfTotal = 34, dfA = 4, and dfError = 30 in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance, then MSError =.

A)1.18
B)0.10
C)2.00
D)10.00

Question 43

10-48 A mean square is a ratio of a to a.

A)df; dfError
B)df; SS
C)SS; SSError
D)SS; df

Question 44

10-45 In a one-factor between-subjects design in which 50 participants are randomly assigned to one of five groups, there is (are) df for MSA.

A)4
B)49
C)1
D)5

Question 45

10-55 MSA in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance is responsive to the effect of .

A)within-groups error
B)only sampling error
C)the independent variable plus sampling error
D)only the independent variable

Question 46

10-56 The effect of the independent variable is reflected in in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance.

A)MSA
B)MSError
C)SSTotal
D)SSError

Question 47

10-59 Both MSA and MSError are independent estimates of the population variance of scores in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance. Therefore,.

A)a change in MSA will not affect MSError
B)if MSA increases, then MSError will increase
C)if MSA decreases, then MSError will decrease
D)if MSA increases, then MSError will decrease

Question 48

10-49 Mean squares in an analysis of variance are obtained by dividing each by its.

A)df; SS
B)MS; df
C)SS; df
D)df; MS

Question 49

10-42 Suppose an experiment had a total of 45 participants who were randomly assigned to one of three groups with 15 participants in each group. The df for SSTotal would equal.

A)3
B)15
C)44
D)45

Question 50

10-41 The dfError in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance is equal to.

A)N - 1
B)N + 1
C)a - 1
D)N - a

Question 51

10-47 In a one-factor between-subjects design in which 30 participants are randomly assigned to one of three groups, there is (are) dfTotal.

A)2
B)29
C)1
D)28

Question 52

10-53 The variation within groups in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance is reflected in.

A)MSA
B)MSError
C)dfA
D)dfError

Question 53

10-52 The systematic variation between groups in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance is reflected in.

A)MSA
B)MSError
C)dfA
D)dfError

Question 54

10-58 Error variation in scores within treatment conditions is reflected in in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance.

A)MSA
B)MSError
C)MSTotal
D)SSA

Question 55

10-50 If SSTotal = 100.00, SSA = 40.00, SSError = 60.00, dfTotal = 34, dfA = 4, and dfError = 30 in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance, then MSA =.

A)1.18
B)0.10
C)2.00
D)10.00

Question 56

10-54 A F statistic in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance is formed by dividing by.

A)SSA; dfError
B)MSError; MSA
C)SSA; dfA
D)MSA; MSError

Question 57

10-57 MSError is a variance responsive to the effect of in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance.

A)the independent variable
B)the total variation
C)within-groups variation
D)all the above

Question 58

10-43 Suppose an experiment had a total of 45 participants who were randomly assigned to one of three groups with 15 participants in each group. The df for the SSError would equal .

A)45
B)42
C)15
D)3

Question 59

10-60 Both and are unbiased estimates of the population variance of scores in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance.

A)MSTotal; MSA
B)MSTotal; MSError
C)MSA; MSError
D)SSA; SSError

Question 60

10-46 In a one-factor between-subjects design in which 10 participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups, there is (are) df for MSError .

A)2
B)9
C)1
D)8

Question 61

10-75 If Fobs does not fall into the rejection region for a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance, then the.

A)alternative hypothesis is accepted
B)differences among the sample means are statistically significant
C)differences among the sample means are nonsignificant
D)null hypothesis is rejected

Question 62

10-62 If the independent variable has no effect, then MSA should be MSError, and the resulting F statistic should be in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance.

A)smaller than; under 1.00
B)nearly equal to; about 1.00
C)larger than; over 1.00
D)smaller than; over 1.00

Question 63

10-82 Multiple comparison procedures are designed to find which differ significantly from each other in a one-factor multilevel design.

A)group variances
B)population variances
C)group means
D)group means and grand means

Question 64

10-79 The sampling distribution of the F statistic is based on the assumption that the.

A)scores in the populations are normally distributed
B)distribution of means in the populations is normally distributed
C)modes of the populations are equal
D)medians of the populations are equal

Question 65

10-63 If the independent variable does have an effect, then MSA should be MSError, and the resulting F statistic should be in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance.

A)smaller than; less than 1.00
B)nearly equal to; about 1.00
C)larger than; greater than 1.00
D)smaller than; greater than 1.00

Question 66

10-61 Both and are independent estimates of the population variance of scores in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance.

A)MSTotal; MSA
B)MSTotal; MSError
C)SSA; SSError
D)MSA; MSError

Question 67

10-72 If H0 is true, then what is the most probable value for F?

A)Zero.
B)Either slightly above or slightly below zero.
C)About 1.00.
D)Somewhere between 0 and ±1.00.

Question 68

10-70 The sampling distribution of the F statistic is.

A)positively skewed
B)negatively skewed
C)normal
D)symmetrical around a mean of zero

Question 69

10-71 When the null hypothesis is true, the sampling distribution of the F statistic.

A)ranges in value from 1.00 to positive infinity
B)is symmetrical with a mean of zero
C)is positively skewed with a minimum value of 1.00
D)is positively skewed with a minimum value of zero

Question 70

10-69 The situation that that is assumed to exist if the independent variable has an effect in an experiment is represented by.

A)H0
B)H1
C)MSTotal
D)SSTotal

Question 71

10-83 Multiple comparison procedures typically make comparisons, that is, comparisons of two means at a time.

A)coupled
B)double
C)bilateral
D)pairwise

Question 72

10-84 If an experimenter formed three equivalent groups in an experiment, then he or she could make possible pairwise comparisons of means.

A)two
B)three
C)four
D)six

Question 73

10-73 The rejection region for Fobs is of the sampling distribution of F.

A)always in the left tail
B)always in the right tail
C)in either tail
D)in the middle

Question 74

10-80 Which of the following is one of the assumptions on which the theoretical sampling distribution of F is based?

A)The population variances are equal.
B)The scores in the populations are normally distributed.
C)The subjects are randomly and independently sampled from the populations.
D)All the above.

Question 75

10-81 If the null hypothesis is rejected in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance on three groups, then it may be concluded that the.

A)three sample means were not obtained from populations with identical means
B)three sample means were obtained from populations with identical means
C)sample means are not equal to the population means
D)variances of the sample means are not equal to the variances of the means in the populations

Question 76

10-74 If Fobs does not fall into the rejection region for a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance, then the.

A)alternative hypothesis is accepted
B)sample means must be considered to be unequal
C)null hypothesis is not rejected
D)differences among the sample means are statistically significant

Question 77

10-68 The situation that is assumed to exist if the independent variable has no effect in an experiment is represented by.

A)H0
B)H1
C)MSTotal
D)SSTotal

Question 78

10-76 If Fobs falls into the rejection region for a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance, then the.

A)alternative hypothesis is accepted
B)null hypothesis is not rejected
C)null hypothesis is accepted
D)differences among the sample means are nonsignificant

Question 79

10-77 If you reject H0 in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance, then you conclude that the.

A)variances of each group are equal
B)variances of each group are not equal
C)group means differ because of sampling error
D)group means differ by more than sampling error alone

Question 80

10-78 If you fail to reject H0 in a one-factor between-subjects analysis of variance, then you conclude that the.

A)variances of each group are equal
B)means differ only because of sampling error
C)variances of each group are not equal
D)means differ by more than sampling error alone