Deck 11: Relationships

Question 1

Research indicates that in young adulthood is the primary goal of emotional selectivity and in older adulthood is the primary goal.

A) information seeking; self-concept
B) information seeking; emotional regulation
C) self-concept; emotional regulation
D) emotional regulation; self-concept

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Men tend to base their friendships on

A) intimate sharing.
B) emotional sharing.
C) shared activities.
D) personality matches.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

One crucial aspect of friendship in old age is that friends

A) help foster independence.
B) help transition after moving.
C) replace relationships with family.
D) are less fun than family.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

According to cross-cultural research, which characteristic in the selection of a female mate do men value across cultures?

A) chastity
B) earning potential
C) physical attractiveness
D) love

Question 5

According to cross-cultural research, which characteristic in mate selection shows the most variability across cultures?

A) chastity
B) earning potential
C) physical attractiveness
D) love

Question 6

Stephanie and her friend Andie like to take pottery classes together. Which aspect of friendship is represented in this example?

A) affective basis of friendship.
B) communal nature.
C) sociability.
D) physical intimacy.

Question 7

When looking for potential mates, cross-cultural research indicates that males value

A) earning potential.
B) physical attractiveness.
C) good health.
D) dependable character.

Question 8

Selecting a romantic mate based on similarity to each other is known as

A) passion.
B) emotional selectivity.
C) communal interests.
D) assortive mating.

Question 9

John and Joey are brothers who talk with each other every other week or so and see each other several times a year. Each is interested and somewhat involved in the other's life and there is only a little resentment and jealousy in the relationship. This is an example of what type of sibling relationship?

A) loyal sibling relationship
B) congenial sibling relationship
C) hostile sibling relationship
D) intimate sibling relationship

Question 10

The strongest sibling relationships are usually between

A) brothers.
B) sisters.
C) brothers and sisters.
D) oldest and youngest siblings.

Question 11

Socioemotional selectivity is a theory that argues that social contact is motivated by a variety of goals, including all of the following except

A) homogamy.
B) information seeking.
C) self-concept.
D) emotional regulation.

Question 12

Women tend to base their friendships on

A) social interactions.
B) emotional sharing.
C) shared activities.
D) personality matches.

Question 13

Researchers include all of the following as themes that characterize adult friendships except

A) affective basis of friendship.
B) communal nature.
C) sociability.
D) physical intimacy.

Question 14

is a theory that argues that social contact is motivated by a variety of goals, including information seeking, self-concept, and emotional regulation.

A) Homogamy
B) Exchange theory
C) Socioemotional selectivity
D) Emotional cooperation

Question 15

Which of the following is not a component of love identified by Sternberg?

A) commitment
B) intimacy
C) passion
D) companionship

Question 16

Ellen just saw the person of her dreams at the mall-it was love at first sight. She is very strongly attracted to this person. According to Sternberg she is relying on which component of love?

A) passion
B) intimacy
C) commitment
D) chastity

Question 17

Kathleen calls her friends when she needs to discuss problems in a romantic relationship. Which aspect of friendship is represented in this example?

A) affective basis of friendship
B) communal nature
C) sociability
D) physical intimacy

Question 18

According to Gold, African American sibling friendships are characterized by all of the following except

A) intimacy.
B) congeniality.
C) loyalty.
D) conflict.

Question 19

Sarah and Susan are sisters who talk with each other daily and see each other several times a week-they are truly best friends. Each is interested and involved in the other's life and there is little to no resentment or jealousy in the relationship. This is an example of what type of sibling relationship?

A) loyal sibling relationship
B) congenial sibling relationship
C) hostile sibling relationship
D) intimate sibling relationship

Question 20

When do most people have the most friends?

A) adolescence
B) middle-age
C) young adulthood
D) old age

Question 21

One problem facing many people who never marry is that

A) American society is very couple-oriented.
B) they have very few friends.
C) they want people to feel sorry for them.
D) men will have nothing to do with them.

Question 22

It is estimated that of older adults in the United States are victims of abuse or neglect.

A) 1,000,000
B) 250,000
C) 150,000
D) 500,000

Question 23

When people live together as a trial marriage this is known as

A) premarital cohabitation.
B) substitute marriage.
C) limited cohabitation.
D) financial cohabitation.

Question 24

Which of the following is a good predictor of couples who will get divorced?

A) lack of differences
B) lack of polygamy
C) lack of homeostasis
D) lack of homogamy

Question 25

Marriage based on similarities of values and interests is called

A) monogamy.
B) homogamy.
C) polygamy.
D) idunnogamy.

Question 26

Tonya is a frail 80-year-old woman and depends on her granddaughter for much of her care. Her granddaughter is responsible for taking care of finances, but recently she has been keeping some of her grandmother's money to pay her own bills. This is an example of which type of abuse?

A) emotional
B) material or financial
C) self-neglect
D) this is not a type of abuse

Question 27

Which of the following is false?

A) Lesbian couples are more likely to stay together than are gay male couples.
B) Gay male and lesbian relationships are similar to traditional marriages in many ways.
C) Lesbian couples have less intense relationships and are more likely to be non-monogamous.
D) Homosexual couples experience considerable stress in their relationships.

Question 28

There is a negative impact on longevity for

A) men who never marry.
B) women who never marry.
C) people who never marry.
D) people who are divorced.

Question 29

When a women believes she cannot leave the abusive situation and may even go so far as to kill her abuser, she is said to suffer from

A) assortative women syndrome.
B) battered women syndrome.
C) crime of passion syndrome.
D) battered relationship syndrome.

Question 30

Which of the following is a type of elder abuse categorized by the National Center on Elder Abuse?

A) physical
B) sexual
C) financial
D) all of these

Question 31

Older adults who cohabitate but do not marry often do so because

A) adult children don't want them to marry.
B) they may lose their financial benefits.
C) they don't want to make the commitment.
D) they don't feel the need to legalize their commitments.

Question 32

Alice is a very frail 85-year-old woman and depends on her daughter entirely for her care. Her daughter is stressed by caregiving and sometimes lashes out at her mother. This is an example of which type of abuse?

A) emotional
B) neglect
C) self-neglect
D) this is not a type of abuse

Question 33

When violence occurs occasionally in a relationship and is instigated by either partner, this is termed

A) battered syndrome.
B) not termed abusive.
C) partriarchal abuse.
D) common couple violence.

Question 34

The most common form of elder abuse is .

A) physical
B) emotional
C) finacial
D) neglect

Question 35

When people live together without a long-term commitment, which is based on convenience is known as

A) premarital cohabitation.
B) substitute marriage.
C) limited cohabitation.
D) financial cohabitation.

Question 36

The median age for marriage has been over the last several decades.

A) increasing
B) decreasing
C) increasing for women
D) decreasing for men

Question 37

Research has shown that married people

A) tend to have greater average longevity.
B) are less monogamous than long term cohabitation couples.
C) are less likely to have mental health problems.
D) have greater division of labor than non-married couples.

Question 38

O'Leary suggests that there is a continuum of aggressive behaviors that progresses as follows:

A) verbal, physical, severe physical, murder.
B) emotional, verbal, physical, severe physical.
C) emotional, verbal, physical, murder.
D) verbal, physical, severe physical, separation.

Question 39

In an abusive relationship, the degree of violence usually starts small and

A) remains at the same degree of violence.
B) will quit within several months.
C) gradually continues to escalate.
D) after that has no predictable pattern.

Question 40

Which of the following people is least likely to get married?

A) a female high-school graduate
B) a male college graduate
C) a female with a Ph.D.
D) a male with an MBA

Question 41

When is it statistically most likely that a couple will divorce?

A) after 7 years
B) after 3 to 4 years
C) after 25 years
D) before 1 year

Question 42

Which of the following patterns was not observed in Weishaus and Fields' longitudinal study of long-term marriages?

A) continuous decline
B) stable negative
C) stable positive
D) curvilinear

Question 43

Bill and Cathy just got married and moved into an old house needing lots of repair. Bill is not good at household repair but he is an excellent chef. Cathy cannot cook beyond cereal and she is excellent at doing household repairs. This is an example of

A) homogamy.
B) monogamy.
C) exchange theory.
D) socioemotional selectivity.

Question 44

According to research on marital satisfaction in couples with children, the shape of the marital satisfaction curve across time is

A) steadily increasing.
B) steadily decreasing.
C) increasing, then decreasing.
D) decreasing, then increasing.

Question 45

Approximately of divorced people remarry within the first three years following a divorce.

A) 25%
B) 50%
C) 80%
D) 95%

Question 46

Gottman and Levenson (2000) found that predicts divorce early in marriage, while predicts divorce later in marriage.

A) negative emotions; lack of positive emotions
B) lack of positive emotions; negative emotions
C) children; negative emotions
D) negative emotions predicts divorce at any point in marriage

Question 47

In general, the older the individuals are at the time of a divorce,

A) the more longtime friends are there for support.
B) the greater the trauma of the divorce.
C) the less likely other people are to take sides.
D) the more likely the women will remarry.

Question 48

Most of the people who experience the death of their spouse are

A) women.
B) men.
C) young.
D) middle-aged.

Question 49

Which of the following is true about divorce?

A) Attitudes toward divorce are still very negative.
B) Five years after divorce, most couples wish they had not done it.
C) Most people underestimate the pain caused by divorce.
D) Few effects are seen following a divorce.

Question 50

One reason for the increase in divorce rates is that

A) costs of getting divorced have dropped dramatically.
B) there are so many lawyers, it is now very easy.
C) feminist movements have made it harder to stay married.
D) attitudes toward divorce have changed.

Question 51

The major loss experienced by women after divorce is

A) intellectual.
B) social.
C) biological.
D) financial.

Question 52

An important predictor of marital success is

A) maturity of two partners.
B) homogamy.
C) exchange theory.
D) all of these.

Question 53

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Widows always grieve more than widowers.
B) Remarriage does not help widows deal with the loss of their first husband.
C) Men are generally older when they are widowed than are women.
D) Widowers have more financial problems than widows.

Question 54

Most divorces occur within year(s) of marriage.

A) 7
B) 3 to 4
C) 10 to 15
D) 1

Question 55

Sandy is a spousal caregiver who maintains high marital satisfaction. Sandy is less likely to exhibit

A) stress.
B) effective coping strategies.
C) depressive symptoms.
D) anxiety disorders.

Question 56

In the long run, who are usually most seriously affected by divorce?

A) women
B) men
C) grandparents
D) lawyers

Question 57

Which term is used to describe predictable changes that family's experience?

A) social exchange
B) family life course
C) family equity
D) family stage theory

Question 58

Peggy and Dennis have been married for 45 years. They say their secret to a long marriage (and research suggests they are correct) is

A) open and honest communication.
B) support for each other no matter what.
C) commitment.
D) all of these.

Question 59

When comparing middle-aged and older married couples, older couples

A) are more argumentative than middle-aged couples.
B) tend to be less emotionally negative and express more positive emotions.
C) no longer discuss their problems.
D) tend to be more emotionally negative and express fewer positive emotions.

Question 60

Fathers in their thirties spend time with their children compared to fathers in their twenties.

A) no
B) less
C) same
D) more

Question 61

When the last child leaves home, most mothers are

A) utterly devastated.
B) glad.
C) psychotic.
D) seriously depressed.

Question 62

The term is used to describe a situation where two or more unmarried and unrelated adults live together.

Question 63

Grandparenting styles with different grandchild.

A) loosen
B) change
C) rotate
D) maintain

Question 64

Which of the following statements is false?

A) Most middle-aged children are not forced to care for their parents.
B) Daughters are more likely to care for parents than are sons.
C) Older parents are often not pleased about living with their children.
D) Middle-aged children have little trouble adjusting to their parents' decline.

Question 65

Which of the following married couples is likely to be the happiest throughout their marriage?

A) a couple who got married right after their first child was born
B) a couple who had three children within the first ten years of marriage
C) a couple who had one child after they had been married five years
D) a couple who remained childless

Question 66

Erin is a middle-aged wife and mother of adolescent children. Her mother had a stroke and just moved into her home. Erin is feeling tension from her mother and her children which is common for

A) caregivers.
B) the sandwich generation.
C) middle-aged women.
D) mothers of adolescent children.

Question 67

refers to the belief that similarity of interests and values is critical to marital success.

Question 68

Kathleen likes to talk about her relationship with her grandparents to her grandchildren. Kivnick labeled this

A) formal.
B) fun-seeking.
C) distant.
D) reinvolvement

Question 69

The term "sandwich" generations applies to

A) people who grew up before fast-food restaurants.
B) middle-aged people with aging parents and teenage children.
C) older adults who do not have enough income to afford food beyond the basics.
D) children who have parents, stepparents, grandparents, and stepgrandparents.

Question 70

A family consisting of grandparents, parents, children, and other relatives is called

A) nuclear.
B) expanded.
C) reconstituted.
D) extended.

Question 71

mothers are more at ease with raising children.

A) Older
B) Younger
C) Middle-aged
D) none of the above

Question 72

Many grandparents pass on skills, which of the following is NOT a skill.

A) social
B) fun-seeking values
C) vocational values
D) religious values

Question 73

When a person does not fulfill their obligation or duties to an older adult, this is called
.

Question 74

Men tend to form friendships on the basis of .

Question 75

A term that describes the situation in families after the last child leaves home is

A) pre-grandparental family.
B) empty-nesters.
C) postparental family.
D) tired-parental family.

Question 76

refers to the idea that the well-being of the family takes precedence over the concerns of individual family members.

A) Nuclear
B) Married
C) Alternate
D) Familism

Question 77

Middle-aged mothers are often put into the role of

A) kinkeeper.
B) primary bread-winner.
C) happy housewife.
D) empty-nest basket cases.

Question 78

Which of the following is not a meaning of grandparenthood identified by Kivnick?

A) centrality
B) valued elder
C) indulgence
D) distant

Question 79

Buss found the greatest cross-cultural variability involved the importance of in mate selection.

Question 80

Which of the following is not a characteristic of single parents?

A) more financial security than married parents
B) frustration from lack of companionship
C) dating as a source of concern
D) high emotional stress among men