Deck 3: Adjusting the Accounts

Question 1

Adjusting entries are not necessary if the trial balance debit and credit column balances are equal.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The book value of a depreciable asset is always equal to its market value because depreciation is a valuation technique.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The cash basis of accounting is not in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The balances of the Depreciation Expense and the Accumulated Depreciation accounts should always be the same.

Question 5

Adjusting entries are often made because some business events are not recorded as they occur.

Question 6

The expense recognition principle requires that efforts be matched with accomplishments.

Question 7

Many business transactions affect more than one time period.

Question 8

A liability-revenue account relationship exists with an unearned rent revenue adjusting entry.

Question 9

Accumulated Depreciation is a liability account and has a normal credit account balance.

Question 10

The time period assumption states that the economic life of a business entity can be divided into artificial time periods.

Question 11

Accrued revenues are revenues which have been received but not yet recognized.

Question 12

Revenue received before services are performed and expenses paid before being used or consumed are both initially recorded as liabilities.

Question 13

Adjusting entries are recorded in the general journal but are not posted to the accounts in the general ledger.

Question 14

The revenue recognition principle dictates that revenue be recognized in the accounting period in which cash is received.

Question 15

An adjusting entry always involves two balance sheet accounts.

Question 16

The time period assumption is often referred to as the expense recognition principle.

Question 17

Income will always be greater under the cash basis of accounting than under the accrual basis of accounting.

Question 18

Accounting time periods that are one year in length are referred to as interim periods.

Question 19

Expense recognition is tied to revenue recognition.

Question 20

A company's calendar year and fiscal year are always the same.

Question 21

Adjustments would not be necessary if financial statements were prepared to reflect net income from

A) monthly operations.
B) fiscal year operations.
C) interim operations.
D) lifetime operations.

Question 22

If prepaid costs are initially recorded as an asset, no adjusting entries will be required in the future.

Question 23

Every adjusting entry affects one balance sheet account and one income statement account.

Question 24

The time period assumption is also referred to as the

A) calendar assumption.
B) cyclicity assumption.
C) periodicity assumption.
D) fiscal assumption.

Question 25

A contra asset account is subtracted from a related account in the balance sheet.

Question 26

Accrued revenues are revenues that have been recognized and received before financial statements have been prepared.

Question 27

An accounting time period that is one year in length, but does not begin on January 1, is referred to as

A) a fiscal year.
B) an interim period.
C) the time period assumption.
D) a reporting period.

Question 28

An adjusted trial balance should be prepared before the adjusting entries are made.

Question 29

Asset prepayments become expenses when they expire.

Question 30

The expense recognition principle requires that expenses be matched with revenues.

Question 31

In general, adjusting entries are required each time financial statements are prepared.

Question 32

Management usually desires ________ financial statements and the IRS requires all businesses to file _________ tax returns.

A) annual, annual
B) monthly, annual
C) quarterly, monthly
D) monthly, monthly

Question 33

Unearned revenue is a prepayment that requires an adjusting entry when services are performed.

Question 34

In general, the shorter the time period, the difficulty of making the proper adjustments to accounts

A) is increased.
B) is decreased.
C) is unaffected.
D) depends on if there is a profit or loss.

Question 35

Monthly and quarterly time periods are called

A) calendar periods.
B) fiscal periods.
C) interim periods.
D) quarterly periods.

Question 36

The Accumulated Depreciation account is a contra asset account that is reported on the balance sheet.

Question 37

The cost of a depreciable asset less accumulated depreciation reflects the book value of the asset.

Question 38

Financial statements can be prepared from the information provided by an adjusted trial balance.

Question 39

The time period assumption states that

A) a transaction can only affect one period of time.
B) estimates should not be made if a transaction affects more than one time period.
C) adjustments to the company's accounts can only be made in the time period when the business terminates its operations.
D) the economic life of a business can be divided into artificial time periods.

Question 40

Accrued revenues are amounts recorded and received but not yet recognized.

Question 41

Expenses sometimes make their contribution to revenue in a different period than when they are paid. When salaries and wages are incurred in one period and paid in the next period, this often leads to which account appearing on the balance sheet at the end of the time period?

A) Due from Employees.
B) Due to Employer.
C) Salaries and Wages Payable.
D) Salaries and Wages Expense.

Question 42

Crue Company had the following transactions during 2018:
$\bullet$ Sales of $4,800 on account
$\bullet$ Collected $2,000 for services to be performed in 2019
$\bullet$ Paid $1,625 cash in salaries
$\bullet$ Purchased airline tickets for $250 in December for a trip to take place in 2019
What is Crue's 2018 net income using accrual accounting-basis after accrual?

A) $2,925.
B) $3,175.
C) $4,925.
D) $5,175.

Question 43

The expense recognition principle matches

A) customers with businesses.
B) expenses with revenues.
C) assets with liabilities.
D) creditors with businesses.

Question 44

The revenue recognition principle dictates that revenue should be recognized in the accounting records

A) when cash is received.
B) when the performance obligation is satisfied.
C) at the end of the month.
D) in the period that income taxes are paid.

Question 45

A candy factory's employees work overtime to finish an order that is sold on February 28. The office sends a statement to the customer in early March and payment is received by mid-March. The overtime wages should be expensed in

A) February.
B) March.
C) the period when the workers receive their checks.
D) either in February or March depending on when the pay period ends.

Question 46

Adjusting entries are required

A) yearly.
B) quarterly.
C) monthly.
D) every time financial statements are prepared.

Question 47

Which of the following is not a common time period chosen by businesses as their accounting period?

A) Daily
B) Monthly
C) Quarterly
D) Annually

Question 48

The fiscal year of a business is usually determined by

A) the IRS.
B) a lottery.
C) the business.
D) the SEC.

Question 49

Live Wire Hot Rod Shop follows the revenue recognition principle. Live Wire services a car on July 31. The customer picks up the vehicle on August 1 and mails the payment to Live Wire on August 5. Live Wire receives the check in the mail on August 6. When should Live Wire show that the revenue was recognized?

A) July 31
B) August 1
C) August 5
D) August 6

Question 50

The expense recognition principle states that expenses should be matched with revenues. Another way of stating the principle is to say that

A) assets should be matched with liabilities.
B) efforts should be matched with accomplishments.
C) owner withdrawals should be matched with owner contributions.
D) cash payments should be matched with cash receipts.

Question 51

Which one of the following is not an application of revenue recognition?

A) Recording revenue as an adjusting entry on the last day of the accounting period.
B) Accepting cash from an established customer for services to be performed over the next three months.
C) Billing customers on June 30 for services completed during June.
D) Receiving cash for services performed.

Question 52

The following is selected information from Motley Corporation for the fiscal year ending October 31, 2018. $\begin{array}{lr}\text { Cash received from customers } & \$ 300,000 \\\text { Revenue recognized } & 375,000 \\\text { Cash paid for expenses } & 180,000 \\\text { Cash paid for computers on November 1,2017 that will be used } &\\\text { for 3 years (annual depreciation is \( \$ 16,000 \) )}&48,000\\\text { Expenses incurred, including interest, but excluding any depreciation}& 220,000 \\\text { Proceeds from a bank loan, part of which was used to pay for}\\\text { the computers}&100,000\end{array}$ Based on the accrual basis of accounting, what is Motley Corporation's net income for the year ending October 31, 2018?

A) $72,000.
B) $104,000.
C) $139,000.
D) $155,000.

Question 53

Which of the following time periods would not be referred to as an interim period?

A) Monthly
B) Quarterly
C) Semi-annually
D) Annually

Question 54

A company spends $15 million dollars for an office building. Over what period should the cost be written off?

A) When the $15 million is expended in cash.
B) All in the first year.
C) Over the useful life of the building.
D) After $15 million in revenue is recognized.

Question 55

A flower shop makes a large sale for $1,200 on November 30. The customer is sent a statement on December 5 and a check is received on December 10. The flower shop follows GAAP and applies the revenue recognition principle. When is the $1,200 considered to be recognized?

A) December 5.
B) December 10.
C) November 30.
D) December 1.

Question 56

Which statement is correct?

A) As long as a company consistently uses the cash basis of accounting, generally accepted accounting principles allow its use.
B) The use of the cash basis of accounting violates both the revenue recognition and expense recognition principles.
C) The cash basis of accounting is objective because no one can be certain of the amount of revenue until the cash is received.
D) As long as management is ethical, there are no problems with using the cash basis of accounting.

Question 57

In a service-type business, revenue is considered recognized

A) at the end of the month.
B) at the end of the year.
C) when the service is performed.
D) when cash is received.

Question 58

Under accrual-basis accounting

A) cash must be received before revenue is recognized.
B) net income is calculated by matching cash outflows against cash inflows.
C) events that change a company's financial statements are recognized in the period they occur rather than in the period in which cash is paid or received.
D) the ledger accounts must be adjusted to reflect a cash basis of accounting before financial statements are prepared under generally accepted accounting principles.

Question 59

Which of the following is in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles?

A) Accrual-basis accounting
B) Cash-basis accounting
C) Both accrual-basis and cash-basis accounting
D) Neither accrual-basis nor cash-basis accounting

Question 60

Crue Company had the following transactions during 2018:
$\bullet$ Sales of $4,500 on account
$\bullet$ Collected $2,500 for services to be performed in 2019
$\bullet$ Paid $1,625 cash in salaries
$\bullet$ Purchased airline tickets for $250 in December for a trip to take place in 2019
What is Crue's 2018 net income using cash-basis accounting after cash?

A) $625.
B) $875.
C) $5,125.
D) $5,375.

Question 61

A small company may be able to justify using a cash-basis of accounting if they have

A) sales under $1,000,000.
B) no accountants on staff.
C) few receivables and payables.
D) all sales and purchases on account.

Question 62

Lake of Fire Company purchased supplies costing $7,000 and debited Supplies for the full amount. At the end of the accounting period, a physical count of supplies revealed $1,900 still on hand. The appropriate adjusting journal entry to be made at the end of the period would be

A) Debit Supplies Expense, $1,900; Credit Supplies, $1,900.
B) Debit Supplies, $5,100; Credit Supplies Expense, $5,100.
C) Debit Supplies Expense, $5,100; Credit Supplies, $5,100.
D) Debit Supplies, $1,900; Credit Supplies Expense, $1,900.

Question 63

Adjusting entries are

A) not necessary if the accounting system is operating properly.
B) usually required before financial statements are prepared.
C) made whenever management desires to change an account balance.
D) made to balance sheet accounts only.

Question 64

Which one of the following is not a justification for adjusting entries?

A) Adjusting entries are necessary to ensure that the revenue recognition principle is followed.
B) Adjusting entries are necessary to ensure that the expense recognition principle is followed.
C) Adjusting entries are necessary to enable financial statements to be in conformity with GAAP.
D) Adjusting entries are necessary to bring the general ledger accounts in line with the budget.

Question 65

Accrued revenues are

A) cash received and a liability recorded before services are performed.
B) revenue for services performed and recorded as liabilities before they are received.
C) revenue for services performed but not yet received in cash or recorded.
D) revenue for services performed and already received in cash and recorded.

Question 66

A law firm received $3,000 cash for legal services to be rendered in the future. The full amount was credited to the liability account Unearned Service Revenue. If the legal services have been rendered at the end of the accounting period and no adjusting entry is made, this would cause

A) expenses to be overstated.
B) net income to be overstated.
C) liabilities to be understated.
D) revenues to be understated.

Question 67

Accounts often need to be adjusted because

A) there are never enough accounts to record all the transactions.
B) many transactions affect more than one time period.
C) there are always errors made in recording transactions.
D) management can't decide what they want to report.

Question 68

Prepaid expenses are

A) paid and recorded in an asset account before they are used or consumed.
B) paid and recorded in an asset account after they are used or consumed.
C) incurred but not yet paid or recorded.
D) incurred and already paid or recorded.

Question 69

An adjusting entry

A) affects two balance sheet accounts.
B) affects two income statement accounts.
C) affects a balance sheet account and an income statement account.
D) is always a compound entry.

Question 70

Accrued expenses are

A) paid and recorded in an asset account before they are used or consumed.
B) paid and recorded in an asset account after they are used or consumed.
C) incurred but not yet paid or recorded.
D) incurred and already paid or recorded.

Question 71

Unearned revenues are

A) cash received and a liability recorded before services are performed.
B) revenue for services performed and recorded as liabilities before they are received.
C) revenue for services performed but not yet received in cash or recorded.
D) revenue for services performed and already received in cash and recorded.

Question 72

Adjusting entries can be classified as

A) postponements and advances.
B) accruals and deferrals.
C) deferrals and postponements.
D) accruals and advances.

Question 73

Expenses incurred but not yet paid or recorded are called

A) prepaid expenses.
B) accrued expenses.
C) interim expenses.
D) unearned expenses.

Question 74

If a resource has been consumed but a bill has not been received at the end of the accounting period, then

A) an expense should be recorded when the bill is received.
B) an expense should be recorded when the cash is paid out.
C) an adjusting entry should be made recognizing the expense.
D) it is optional whether to record the expense before the bill is received.

Question 75

If an adjustment is needed for unearned revenues, the

A) liability and related revenue are overstated before adjustment.
B) liability and related revenue are understated before adjustment.
C) liability is overstated and the related revenue is understated before adjustment.
D) liability is understated and the related revenue is overstated before adjustment.

Question 76

Which of the following reflects the balances of prepayment accounts prior to adjustment?

A) Balance sheet accounts are understated and income statement accounts are understated.
B) Balance sheet accounts are overstated and income statement accounts are overstated.
C) Balance sheet accounts are overstated and income statement accounts are understated.
D) Balance sheet accounts are understated and income statement accounts are overstated.

Question 77

An asset-expense relationship exists with

A) liability accounts.
B) revenue accounts.
C) prepaid expense adjusting entries.
D) accrued expense adjusting entries.

Question 78

A liability-revenue relationship exists with

A) prepaid expense adjusting entries.
B) accrued expense adjusting entries.
C) unearned revenue adjusting entries.
D) accrued revenue adjusting entries.

Question 79

Adjusting entries are required

A) because some costs expire with the passage of time and have not yet been journalized.
B) when the company's profits are below the budget.
C) when expenses are recorded in the period in which they are incurred.
D) when revenues are recorded in the period in which services are performed.

Question 80

The preparation of adjusting entries is

A) straight forward because the accounts that need adjustment will be out of balance.
B) often an involved process requiring the skills of a professional.
C) only required for accounts that do not have a normal balance.
D) optional when financial statements are prepared.