Deck 12: Modeling Therapy: Vicarious Extinction and Skills Training

Question 1

The model and the observer are the most similar in which type of modeling-

A)Self
B)Peer
C)Live
D)Symbolic

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Self-modeling usually employs a _____ model.

A)peer
B)mastery
C)live
D)symbolic

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Observing a model shows both the consequence and

A)what the model did.
B)who administered it.
C)if it will happen again.
D)when it is available.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Acquisition is demonstrated by

A)recall.
B)consequence.
C)instruction.
D)exposure.

Question 5

You see the person running in front of you slip on some ice, and so you walk carefully over the ice.This is an example of

A)specific imitation.
B)specific counterimitation.
C)general imitation.
D)general counterimitation.

Question 6

The main difference between live and symbolic models has to do with

A)how they are observed.
B)the likelihood of acceptance.
C)what behaviors they change.
D)the types of imitation elicited.

Question 7

Whenever your English professor refers to a page in the textbook, you observe the student next to you marking the page with a paper clip.Writing down future references to page numbers in your notebook would be an example of

A)specific imitation.
B)specific counterimitation.
C)general imitation.
D)general counterimitation.

Question 8

In covert modeling, the modeling is

A)furtive.
B)imagined.
C)remembered.
D)passive.

Question 9

When you observe one of your teachers demonstrate a skill, the teacher is a _____ model.

A)symbolic
B)covert
C)live
D)self-model

Question 10

Practicing an acceleration target behavior is known as

A)repeated exposure.
B)positive practice.
C)role-playing.
D)behavior rehearsal.

Question 11

The video futures technique is used to

A)highlight the possibility of future success.
B)discourage future transgressions.
C)motivate broad changes in future behavior.
D)predict contingencies for multiple behaviors.

Question 12

Acquisition is more likely when

A)the observer is punished.
B)exposure is relatively brief.
C)imitation is maladaptive.
D)the model receives consequences.

Question 13

Vicarious consequences are the consequences of

A)the observation.
B)the imitation behavior.
C)a model's behavior.
D)imitation without observation.

Question 14

The final stage of observational learning is

A)acceptance.
B)acquisition.
C)imitation.
D)consequence.

Question 15

After observing a police officer pull over a speeding motorist, you decide to take a different road.This is an example of

A)specific imitation.
B)specific counterimitation.
C)general imitation.
D)general counterimitation.

Question 16

Vicarious reinforcement occurs when

A)the model imitates the behavior.
B)the model's behavior is reinforced.
C)the observer's behavior is reinforced.
D)the observer imitates the behavior.

Question 17

Which function of modeling is most likely to involve vicarious negative consequences-

A)Prompting
B)Reducing fear
C)Teaching
D)Discouraging

Question 18

After exposure, the next stage of observational learning is

A)acceptance.
B)acquisition.
C)imitation.
D)consequence.

Question 19

Self-modeling often involves

A)participant modeling.
B)vicarious extinction.
C)video editing.
D)awareness training.

Question 20

Vicarious consequences play a major role in

A)teaching.
B)prompting.
C)motivating.
D)reducing anxiety.

Question 21

Participant modeling desensitizes using both live modeling and

A)covert modeling.
B)emotive imagery.
C)physical prompting.
D)differential relaxation.

Question 22

Perceived self-efficacy is perceived because it

A)depends on experience.
B)is inherently subjective.
C)requires direct exposure.
D)is difficult to measure.

Question 23

The ability to learn by observing the behavior of other people is called

A)social adaptation.
B)specific imitation.
C)vicarious consequences.
D)generalized imitation.

Question 24

Live modeling to reduce fear would most likely use a

A)symbolic model.
B)self-model.
C)coping model.
D)mastery model.

Question 25

One critical element of video modeling techniques to reduce fear is

A)impassion.
B)brevity.
C)relativism.
D)realism.

Question 26

Norm consistently demonstrates that he can refuse unreasonable requests competently and knows when to do so.Yet, he has difficulty refusing such requests from friends.The problem is most likely due to a deficit of

A)motivation.
B)knowledge.
C)proficiency.
D)discrimination.

Question 27

One advantage of modeling over other forms of behavior therapy is its

A)intensity.
B)subtlety.
C)pervasiveness.
D)intricacy.

Question 28

Modeling is a key component in skills training because many

A)clients do not wish to receive instruction.
B)behaviors are too complex to convey otherwise.
C)target behaviors resist imaginal extinction.
D)social skills have no overt components.

Question 29

Generalized imitation is

A)present at birth.
B)punished in adolescence.
C)learned via reinforcement.
D)unnecessary for modeling.

Question 30

As perceived self-efficacy increases for a certain task, one is more likely to

A)seek out a more difficult task.
B)chose to spend less time on the task.
C)expend more effort on the task.
D)have difficulties with the task.

Question 31

Generalized imitation, if not learned naturally, can be taught through

A)role-playing.
B)modeling.
C)shaping.
D)direct instruction.

Question 32

Perceived self-efficacy is the belief that one

A)can be successful at a task.
B)is of equal ability with peers.
C)deserves to perform the task.
D)understands the task accurately.

Question 33

Students read about Abraham Lincoln's overcoming an impoverished early environment.For the students, Lincoln is a

A)live coping model.
B)symbolic coping model.
C)live mastery model.
D)symbolic mastery model.

Question 34

Interventions to prevent child abduction have been spearheaded by

A)Dowrick.
B)Poche.
C)Bandura.
D)Melamed.

Question 35

Compared to a mastery model, a coping model

A)deals with loss.
B)changes over time.
C)shows no fear.
D)demonstrates precise skill.

Question 36

Vicarious extinction occurs when a model

A)behaves without negative consequences.
B)is subsequently denied reinforcement.
C)is no longer reinforcing to the observer.
D)successfully avoids punishment.

Question 37

The belief that one can be successful at a task is known as

A)self-modeling.
B)self-efficacy.
C)self-reinforcement.
D)self-behavior rehearsal.

Question 38

Vicarious extinction is most likely to involve a

A)self-model.
B)vicarious model.
C)coping model.
D)natural model.

Question 39

The process by which a client overcomes fear by observing a model engage in fear-evoking behaviors without incurring negative consequences is known as

A)skills training.
B)natural modeling.
C)vicarious extinction.
D)vicarious reinforcement.

Question 40

After a shoulder operation, a former golfer who had been unable to play for 15 years wants to start again.Any initial difficulties are most likely due to a deficit of

A)motivation.
B)knowledge.
C)discrimination.
D)proficiency.

Question 41

One weakness of symbolic modeling is that it is

A)relatively weak.
B)not individualized.
C)hard to generalize.
D)very time consuming.

Question 42

Assertive behaviors are actions which

A)bring about desired outcomes.
B)achieve social reinforcement.
C)secure what one is entitled to.
D)support self-sufficient living.

Question 43

Assertive behaviors are

A)situation specific.
B)constant in individuals.
C)defined by their outcome.
D)necessarily appropriate.

Question 44

Assertive behaviors should never

A)infringe upon the rights of others.
B)negatively affect relationships.
C)alter the client's personality.
D)conflict with societal norms.

Question 45

Social skills are the interpersonal contingencies necessary to

A)impact the behavior of others.
B)elicit reinforcement from others.
C)demand the attention of others.
D)successfully interact with others.

Question 46

One way to maximize the cost effectiveness of modeling is to use

A)generic stimuli.
B)behavioral observation.
C)participant modeling.
D)natural models.

Question 47

One weakness of social skills training is poor

A)generalization.
B)transfer.
C)support.
D)adaptation.

Question 48

One important element of assertion training is

A)homework assignments.
B)moderation training.
C)natural reinforcement.
D)social education.

Question 49

The best way to assess a client's assertive behavior, including the stylistic components, is by

A)self-report inventory.
B)behavioral checklist.
C)behavioral observation.
D)role-playing.

Question 50

Model-actors often show behavioral benefits similar to the observers.These reciprocal benefits are credited to

A)behavior rehearsal.
B)direct instruction.
C)positive practice.
D)superior acceptance.

Question 51

Going over in your mind how you will ask someone for a date when you next see that person is an example of

A)positive practice.
B)vicarious reinforcement.
C)covert behavior rehearsal.
D)natural modeling.