Deck 3: Atomic Structure Explaining the Properties of Elements

Question 1

Which of the following is quantized?

A)the trajectory of a baseball hit from home plate
B)the speed of a Formula 1 race car
C)the diameter of a redwood tree
D)the number of marbles in a bag
E)your age

Answer 1

the number of marbles in a bag

Question 2

The Fraunhofer lines are evidence that

A)atoms contain nuclei.
B)atoms contain charged particles.
C)mass is equivalent to energy.
D)atoms absorb light.
E)atoms emit light.

Answer 2

atoms absorb light.

Question 3

As the frequency of electromagnetic radiation decreases, which statement below is TRUE?

A)Its wavelength decreases.
B)Its energy decreases.
C)Its speed decreases.
D)Its magnetic field component remains constant.
E)Its electric field component remains constant.

Answer 3

Its energy decreases.

Question 4

Suppose a laser emits light in the visible region of the spectrum at 4.62 * 10¹⁴ s^-1.What color is the light?

A)red
B)orange
C)yellow
D)green
E)blue

Question 5

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the lowest frequency?

A)gamma rays
B)x-rays
C)radio waves
D)infrared
E)visible

Question 6

Which statement about electromagnetic radiation is NOT correct?

A)Electromagnetic radiation consists of perpendicular oscillating electric and magnetic fields.
B)Electromagnetic radiation is emitted by all stars.
C)All electromagnetic radiation is visible to the eye.
D)Electromagnetic radiation spans a very wide range of wavelengths, from gamma rays to radio waves.
E)The frequency and wavelength of electromagnetic radiation are inversely proportional to each other.

Question 7

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the highest frequency?

A)ultraviolet
B)x-rays
C)radio waves
D)infrared
E)visible

Question 8

Which of the following lasers emits photons with the highest frequency?

A)a Nd:YAG laser with $\lambda$ = 1064 nm
B)an Ar+ laser with $\lambda$ = 514.5 nm
C)a Kr+ laser with $\lambda$ = 647 nm
D)an ArF laser with $\lambda$ = 193 nm
E)a HeNe laser with $\lambda$ = 633 nm

Question 9

What is the wavelength ( $\lambda$ , in meters) of a radio station operating at a frequency of 99.6 MHz?

A)3.01*10⁶ m
B)3.01 m
C)3.32 *10^-7 m
D)0.332 m
E)3.32 m

Question 10

Which of the following lasers emits photons with the lowest energy?

A)a Nd:YAG laser with $\lambda$ = 1064 nm
B)an Ar⁺ laser with $\lambda$ = 514.5 nm
C)a Kr⁺ laser with $\lambda$ = 647 nm
D)an ArF laser with $\lambda$ = 193 nm
E)a HeNe laser with $\lambda$ = 633 nm

Question 11

Cesium atomic clocks are based on the emission of microwave radiation at 9,192,631,770 Hz by cesium-133.The wavelength corresponding to this frequency is closest in value to which of the following?

A)300 m
B)3 km
C)300 pm
D)3 cm
E)300 mm

Question 12

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the shortest wavelength?

A)gamma rays
B)x-rays
C)radio waves
D)infrared
E)visible

Question 13

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)As the wavelength of a photon decreases, its energy increases.
B)The speed of a photon decreases as its wavelength decreases.
C)Light can be viewed as packets of energy.
D)As the frequency of a photon decreases, its energy decreases.
E)A high-energy photon has a shorter wavelength than a low-energy photon.

Question 14

Which statement about Rutherford's model of the atom is NOT correct?

A)It detailed the arrangement of electrons in the atom.
B)It hypothesized that most of the mass of the atom is located in a very small region at the center of the atom called the nucleus.
C)It did not explain some experimental findings, such as the photoelectric effect and the colors of light emitted by heated objects.
D)It suggested that most of the atom is empty space.
E)It suggested that the positive charge is not spread out over the atom's entire volume but rather is concentrated in the nucleus.

Question 15

Fraunhofer lines are due to

A)the emission of radiation by atoms.
B)the absorption of radiation by atoms.
C)the photoelectric effect.
D)chemical reactions in the sun.
E)nuclear reactions in the sun.

Question 16

Which of the following occurs only in discrete (quantized) increments?

A)the speed a car drives on the interstate
B)the altitude at which an airplane flies
C)time
D)the level of water in a sink
E)money

Question 17

What is the frequency ( $\nu$ in hertz) of the photons emitted by a HeNe laser with a wavelength ( $\lambda$ ) of 632.8 nm?

A)4.738 * 10⁵ Hz
B)1.897 * 10² Hz
C)1.897 * 10¹¹ Hz
D)4.738 *10¹⁴ Hz
E)1.897 *10¹⁴ Hz

Question 18

In comparing the Fraunhofer lines with light emitted by elements in a flame, Bunsen and Kirchhoff demonstrated that

A)atoms emit and absorb electromagnetic radiation at characteristic wavelengths.
B)the solar spectrum is continuous.
C)alkali metals absorb and emit the same wavelengths.
D)nuclear reactions are responsible for the absorption and emission of electromagnetic radiation.
E)the sun's composition is changing over time.

Question 19

The speed of light generally decreases when it passes through media other than a vacuum.The speed, v, is approximately c (2.998 *10⁸ m/s) divided by a quantity called the medium's refractive index, $\eta$ .In which of the following would the frequency of 193 nm light be the lowest? ( $\nu$ = c/ $\eta$ ; c = $\lambda$$\nu$ )

A)hydrogen, $\eta$ = 1.0001
B)carbon tetrachloride, $\eta$ = 1.461
C)silicone oil, $\eta$ = 1.520
D)water, $\eta$ = 1.3330
E)diamond, $\eta$ = 2.419

Question 20

Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wavelength?

A)gamma rays
B)x-rays
C)visible
D)infrared
E)radio waves

Question 21

Which one of the following sources produces the highest energy photons?

A)a doctor's x-ray source
B)a heat lamp in a restaurant
C)a microwave oven
D)gamma rays from a star
E)radio waves from a local station

Question 22

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding blackbody radiation, the ultraviolet catastrophe, and Planck's view of electromagnetic radiation?

A)A blackbody radiator does not absorb and emit one wavelength preferentially over another.
B)The emission spectrum of a blackbody radiator depends on its temperature.
C)A blackbody radiator cannot emit an infinite amount of radiation.
D)Planck theorized that real objects can only absorb or emit discrete packets of electromagnetic radiation.
E)The ultraviolet catastrophe disappears if the emission spectrum of a blackbody radiator is continuous.

Question 23

Which of the following metals would be an appropriate choice for the construction of a photon detector for 550 nm light?

A)sodium ( $\varPhi$ = 2.9 *10^-19 J)
B)rubidium ( $\varPhi$ = 3.5 *10^-19 J)
C)barium ( $\varPhi$ = 4.3 *10^-19 J)
D)gold ( $\varPhi$ = 8.2 *10^-19 J)
E)platinum ( $\varPhi$ = 9.1 *10^-19 J)

Question 24

Indicate which of the following photons can cause the emission of photoelectrons from a surface of gallium ( $\varPhi$ = 6.7 * 10^-19 J).

A)350 nm
B)400 nm
C)200 nm
D)650 nm
E)500 nm

Question 25

What wavelength of light is required to cause the ejection of photoelectrons with kinetic energies of 5.0 *10^-20 J from a calcium surface ( $\varPhi$ = 4.60 * 10^-19 J)?

A)485 nm
B)390 nm
C)308 nm
D)632 nm
E)480 nm

Question 26

Sodium lamps emit yellow light with a nominal wavelength of 589 nm.What is the energy of these photons in kilojoules per mole?

A)3.37 * 10^-9 kJ/mol
B)2.35 * 10^-7 kJ/mol
C)120 kJ/mol
D)70.5 kJ/mol
E)203 kJ/mol

Question 27

What is the kinetic energy of the photoelectrons emitted from a sodium surface ( $\varPhi$ = 2.9 * 10^-19 J) when it is irradiated by photons with a wavelength of 350 nm?

A)2.9 *10^-19 J
B)5.7 * 10^-19 J
C)0 J
D)2.8 * 10^-19 J
E)3.6 * 10^-19 J

Question 28

What is the energy (E, in joules) of a 6.00 * 10¹⁰ Hz photon from a microwave oven?

A)3.98 * 10^-30 J
B)3.98 * 10^-39 J
C)3.98 *10^-23 J
D)3.98 * 10^-17 J
E)3.98 * 10^-13 J

Question 29

Mercury lamps emit blue light with $\lambda$ = 436 nm.What is the energy of these photons in joules?

A)4.56 * 10^-19 J
B)4.56 * 10^-28J
C)1.97 * 10⁴⁴ J
D)2.19 * 10¹⁸ J
E)2.19 * 10^-18 J

Question 30

Which of the following photons has the highest energy?

A)a photon with $\lambda$ = 1.064 µm
B)a photon with $\nu$ = 5.83 * 10¹⁴ Hz
C)a photon with $\lambda$ = 647 nm
D)a photon with $\nu$ = 1.55 *10¹⁵ Hz
E)a photon with $\lambda$ = 633 pm

Question 31

Based on the following data and graph, which metal will emit the highest energy photoelectron when a 250 nm photon is incident on the metal? Work functions are in J * 10^-19.

A)Ta
B)Ti
C)W
D)Si
E)Ag

Question 32

Based on the following data and graph, indicate which metal requires the shortest wavelength photons to eject photoelectrons.Work functions are in J *10^-19.

A)Ta
B)Ti
C)W
D)Si
E)Ag

Question 33

What is the minimum frequency of a photon that can eject a photoelectron from Ba metal? (The work function of barium is $\varPhi$ = 4.3 *10^-19 J.)

A)2.8* 10^-52 Hz
B)6.5 *10¹⁴ Hz
C)6.5 * 10⁴ Hz
D)6.5*10¹³ Hz
E)2.8 * 10¹⁴ Hz

Question 34

What is the energy (E, in joules) of the 514.5 nm photons emitted by an argon-ion laser?

A)4.29 * 10^-36 J
B)2.33 * 10³⁵ J
C)4.29 * 10^-45 J
D)3.86 * 10^-19 J
E)3.86 * 10^-28 J

Question 35

Max Planck's theoretical work on blackbody emission and the experimental evidence provided by Albert Einstein's studies of the photoelectric effect revolutionized physics because they revealed that

A)energy is quantized.
B)electrons can be ejected from metals by visible light.
C)light electromagnetic radiation) has a wave nature.
D)blackbody radiation is continuous.
E)atomic spectra are discrete.

Question 36

The work function of sodium is $\varPhi$ = 2.90 *10^-19 J.What is the maximum wavelength that can cause the ejection of photoelectrons from a sodium surface?

A)151 nm
B)222 nm
C)45.1 nm
D)451 nm
E)685 nm

Question 37

Indicate which one of the following sources produces the highest energy photons.

A)a radio station with = 106.7 MHz
B)a dentist's x-ray source with $\lambda$ = 100 pm
C)the laser in a CD player with $\lambda$ = 650 nm
D)a microwave oven with 11eed61f_f4b7_55fa_a0ba_07ca7b78c11c_TB6562_11 = 6.0 11eed61f_f4b7_55fa_a0ba_07ca7b78c11c_TB6562_11 10¹⁰ Hz
E)your cell phone with 11eed61f_f4b7_55fa_a0ba_07ca7b78c11c_TB6562_11 = 1.750 GHz

Question 38

Electromagnetic radiation with a frequency of 8.6* 10¹⁴ Hz incident on an unknown metal surface causes the ejection of photoelectrons with kinetic energies of 2.8 *10^-19 J.What is the unknown metal?

A)rubidium ( $\varPhi$ = 3.5 -10^-19 J)
B)gold ( $\varPhi$ = 8.2 * 10^-19 J)
C)nickel ( $\varPhi$ = 8.3 *10^-19 J)
D)sodium ( $\varPhi$ = 2.9 * 10^-19 J)
E)platinum ( $\varPhi$ = 9.1 *10^-19 J)

Question 39

If each of the following metals is exposed to light with a wavelength of 240 nm, which will emit photoelectrons with the greatest kinetic energy?

A)iron $\varPhi$ = 7.2 * 10^-19 J)
B)platinum $\varPhi$ = 9.1 *10^-19 J)
C)nickel ( $\varPhi$ = 8.3 *10^-19 J)
D)palladium ( $\varPhi$ = 8.2 *10^-19 J)
E)sodium ( $\varPhi$ = 4.4 *10^-19 J)

Question 40

Which of the following will lead to an increase in the kinetic energies of photoelectrons emitted when light is incident on a metal surface?

A)increase in the light's wavelength
B)increase in the light's intensity
C)decrease in the light's wavelength
D)decrease in the light's frequency
E)decrease in the light's intensity

Question 41

What is the shortest wavelength of light emitted by an excited hydrogen atom when n_final = 3?

A)91.16 nm
B)121.5 nm
C)273.5 nm
D)821.4 nm
E)1875.8 nm

Question 42

Which statement regarding atomic emission spectra and the hydrogen atom is incorrect?

A)Electronic transitions in the atom are quantized.
B)Discrete wavelengths of light can be absorbed or emitted by atoms.
C)Atoms can absorb all wavelengths of light but only emit photons of discrete energies.
D)Balmer proved that the hydrogen atom had a wavelike nature.
E)Balmer and Rydberg developed empirical equations to fit experimental data.

Question 43

The emission spectra of Na and Na⁺ are different because _______.

A)Na⁺ has fewer electrons.
B)Na has fewer electrons.
C)Na⁺ has more protons.
D)Na has fewer neutrons.
E)Na has more protons.

Question 44

Which transition in a hydrogen atom involves the largest change in energy?

A)n₁ = 2 to n₂ = 3
B)n₁ = 3 to n₂ = 4
C)n₁ = 1 to n₂ = 3
D)n₁ = 1 to n₂ = 2
E)n₁ = 9 to n₂ = 10

Question 45

Which of the following transitions emits the longest wavelength photon?

A)n₁ = 14 to n₂ = 13
B)n₁ = 6 to n₂ = 4
C)n₁ = 4 to n₂ = 3
D)n₁ = 7 to n₂ = 5
E)n₁ = 4 to n₂ = 2

Question 46

Which transition in a hydrogen atom will cause emission of the shortest wavelength photon?

A)ninitial = 5 to nfinal = 3
B)ninitial = 4 to nfinal = 3
C)ninitial = 4 to nfinal = 2
D)ninitial = 3 to nfinal = 2
E)ninitial = 3 to nfinal = 1

Question 47

What is the longest wavelength of light emitted by an excited hydrogen atom when n_final = 1?

A)91.16 nm
B)121.5 nm
C)273.5 nm
D)364.6 nm
E)656.2 nm

Question 48

How much energy would be required to excite one mole of hydrogen atoms from their ground state to n₂ = 10?

A)1.3 * 10³ J/mol
B)1.3 *10⁶ J/mol
C)2.2 * 10³ J/mol
D)2.2 *10⁶ J/mol
E)9.2 * 10² J/mol

Question 49

Which of the following statements regarding the energy of a particle is NOT correct?

A)The ground state of a particle is the lowest and most stable energy state.
B)The energy of a particle is zero when it is in its ground state.
C)An excited state is any energy state above the ground state.
D)When the particle undergoes a transition from a higher energy state to a lower one, energy is emitted.
E)The energy state of a particle increases when it absorbs a photon.

Question 50

Atomic spectra are due to changes in the energy of

A)protons.
B)neutrons.
C)nuclei.
D)electrons.
E)electromagnetic radiation.

Question 51

What is the change in energy of the hydrogen atom when it undergoes an electronic transition from n_initial = 5 to n_final = 2?

A)2.09 * 10^-18 J
B)4.57 * 10^-19 J
C)1.55 * 10^-19 J
D)4.90 *10^-20 J
E)1.55* 10^-20 J

Question 52

Suppose a blue light emitting photons with λ = 470 nm is rated at 100 W (100 J of energy are emitted per second).How many photons are emitted in 5.0 seconds?

A)7.0 *10¹⁹ photons
B)1.2 * 10²¹ photons
C)2.3 * 10²⁰ photons
D)3.5 * 10³⁸ photons
E)2.7* 10⁹ photons

Question 53

Light intensity (I) can be described as the power emitted by a light source (P) over a given area in meters squared).Suppose a 100 W mercury vapor lamp emits 365.4 nm photons equally in all directions.At a distance of 1.450 m, how many photons hit per square meter per second?
(1 W = 1 J/s; I = P/Area = P/4 $\pi$ d ² , where d is the distance.)

A)5 * 10⁷ photons
B)7 * 10⁹ photons
C)9 * 10¹⁶ photons
D)7 * 10¹⁸ photons
E)6 * 10¹⁹ photons

Question 54

Which statement below regarding the Bohr model of the atom is FALSE?

A)Changes in the energy of the atom involve the electron transitioning between allowed orbits.
B)The atom has discrete energy levels described by a quantum number n.
C)The electron does not radiate energy and spiral into the nucleus if it is in an allowed orbit.
D)The atom has zero energy when in its ground state.
E)The energy of an orbit is inversely proportional to N₂.

Question 55

The energy change for an electronic transition in a one-electron atom or ion H, He⁺, Li²⁺, etc.) from n _initial to n _final Is given by , $\left(-2.178 \times 10^{-18} \mathrm{~J}\right) Z^{2}\left(\frac{1}{n_{\text {final }} 2}-\frac{1}{n_{\text {initial }} 2}\right)$
where Z is the atomic number.
Which one of the following species will have the longest wavelength emission line for the transition between the n_initial = 2 and n_final = 1 levels?

A)H
B)He⁺
C)Li²⁺
D)Be³⁺
E)B⁴⁺

Question 56

The absorption and emission spectra of an atom and its ions) are different.This is evidence that the spectra observed are due to energy changes associated with the

A)electrons.
B)protons.
C)neutrons.
D)nuclei.
E)electromagnetic interactions.

Question 57

Work function values are often given in electron volts (1 eV = 1.602 * 10^-19 J).You create an oxide material that has a work function of 6.10 eV.How many electrons would be emitted from the material per second when it is irradiated by the 172 nm light of a 55.0 W xenon excimer lamp, and what is their kinetic energy? Assume all of the incident photons cause electron emission.

A)none; 172 nm is not energetic enough
B)8.70 * 10¹⁷ electrons; 8.70 * 10^-19 J
C)4.78 *10¹⁹ electrons; 1.73 -10^-19 J
D)5.5 *10¹⁷ electrons; 5.40 *10^-17 J
E)1.86*10¹⁶ electrons; 5.37 *10^-17 J

Question 58

Determine the wavelength of the line in the hydrogen atomic emission spectrum corresponding to the n_initial = 4 to n_final = 3 transition.

A)1094 nm
B)1875 nm
C)656 nm
D)335 nm
E)109 nm

Question 59

Which of the transitions in the hydrogen atom energy-level diagram shown here is not possible?

A)a
B)b
C)c
D)d
E)all are possible

Question 60

How many times longer is the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation used in a microwave oven at 2.45 GHz than the copper K- $\alpha$ 1 x-ray radiation used in x-ray diffraction studies with an energy of 1.29 *10^-15 J?

A)6.29 * 10⁷ times longer
B)7.54 * 10⁷ times longer
C)7.92 * 10⁸ times longer
D)7.95 * 10¹⁷ times longer
E)1.90* 10²⁴ times longer

Question 61

What is the approximate total uncertainty in the velocity of an electron (9.11 *10^-31 kg) confined within a gold atom whose diameter is about 270 pm? The uncertainty in the position of the electron is $\pm$ 5.0% of the atom's diameter.

A)( $\pm$ 1.4 *10³ m/s)
B)( $\pm$ 2.1 * 10⁵ m/s)
C)( $\pm$ 3.7 * 10⁵ m/s)
D)( $\pm$ 2.1 * 10⁶ m/s)
E)( $\pm$ 4.3 * 10⁶ m/s)

Question 62

De Broglie reasoned that for the electron in the hydrogen atom to behave as a stable circular wave, the circumference of the electron's orbit must be

A)equal to the wavelength of the electron.
B)an integer multiple of the electron's wavelength.
C)a half-integer multiple of the electron's wavelength.
D)twice the wavelength of the electron.
E)twice the diameter of the orbit.

Question 63

Which of the following objects, all moving at the same speed, will have the longest de Broglie wavelength?

A)a proton
B)an electron
C)a baseball
D)a neon atom
E)a neutron

Question 64

What is the de Broglie wavelength of an electron (9.11 *10^-31 kg) traveling at 95% of the speed of light?

A)2.6 fm
B)2.6 pm
C)240 pm
D)24 fm
E)2.4 pm

Question 65

You think you have identified a new type of atom based on its atomic emission spectrum.Based on empirical data, it appears as though the energy levels of the atom are inversely proportional to N₂, like hydrogen.When an electron falls from n_initial = 5 to n_final = 2, a 1.4 *10^-18 J photon is emitted.What is the value of the Rydberg constant for this atom?

A)6.7 * 10^-18 J
B)4.7* 10^-18 J
C)4.2* 10^-18 J
D)1.5 * 10¹⁷ J
E)2.1 * 10¹⁷ J

Question 66

The de Broglie wavelength of a particle traveling at 1% of the speed of light is 33.25 fm.Identify the particle from the following.
(1 amu = 1.66054 * 10^-27 kg.)

A)a proton 1.00727 amu)
B)a neutron 1.00866 amu)
C)an electron 0.0005486 amu)
D)a hydrogen atom
E)a helium atom

Question 67

An electron moving at _______ will have the smallest de Broglie wavelength.

A)220 m/s
B)20 mph
C)3600 km/s
D)25% of the speed of light
E)2.998 *10⁸ km/hr

Question 68

What is the de Broglie wavelength of a fast neutron (1.6749 * 10^-27 kg) traveling at 14,000 km/s?

A)53 fm
B)5.3 pm
C)28 pm
D)28 fm
E)25 m/s

Question 69

The energy change for an electronic transition in a one-electron atom or ion H, He⁺, Li²⁺, etc.) from n _initial to n _final Is given by $\left(-2.178 \times 10^{-18} \mathrm{~J}\right) Z^{2}\left(\frac{1}{n_{\text {final }} 2}-\frac{1}{n_{\text {initial }} 2}\right)$ where Z is the atomic number.How much energy is required to ionize a ground-state Li²⁺ion (n_final = $\infty$ )?

A)2.18 *10^-18 J
B)4.36 * 10^-18 J
C)1.96 * 10^-17 J
D)1.09 *10^-18 J
E)5.45 * 10^-19 J

Question 70

How many times longer is the de Broglie wavelength of a helium atom (6.647 *10^-27 kg) moving at 220 m/s than that of a baseball (0.145 kg) moving at 35 m/s?

A)3.5 *10²⁴
B)2.2 *10²⁵
C)9.5 * 10³³
D)1.5 * 10⁹
E)3.7 * 10³⁴

Question 71

What is the speed of an average argon atom that has a de Broglie wavelength of 5.2 pm?
(1 amu = 1.66054 *10^-27 kg.)

A)0.52 m/s
B)5.2 * 10³ m/s
C)1.9 * 10³ m/s
D)1.9 m/s
E)25 m/s

Question 72

The de Broglie wavelength of buckyballs buckminsterfullerene, C₆₀) has been observed experimentally.If a C₆₀ molecule (1.20 *10^-24 kg) has a velocity of 220 m/s, what is its de Broglie wavelength?

A)2.52 pm
B)2.52 fm
C)2.52 m
D)1.20 pm
E)5.22 m

Question 73

What is the velocity of an O₂ molecule if its de Broglie wavelength is 26 pm?
(1 amu = 1.66054 *10^-27 kg.)

A)46 m/s
B)960 m/s
C)790 m/s
D)390 m/s
E)480 m/s

Question 74

A hydrogen atom is excited to n_initial = 8.A 955 nm photon is emitted as the electron falls to nfinal = .

A)6
B)5
C)4
D)3
E)2

Question 75

According to de Broglie's explanation of matter waves, if the circumference of the electron's orbit in the hydrogen atom is twice the electron's wavelength, the orbit will

A)decay until the electron falls into the nucleus.
B)diverge, allowing the electron to escape.
C)be stable.
D)cause the electron to emit a photon.
E)not be circular.

Question 76

What is the approximate uncertainty in the position of a proton 1.673 * 10^-27 kg) in a particle accelerator if its velocity is known to about $\pm$ 2.5 m/s (total uncertainty is 5.0 m/s)?

A)( $\pm$ 6.4 *10^-9 m)
B)( $\pm$ 3.2 *10^-9 m)
C)( $\pm$ 1.3 *10^-9 m)
D)( $\pm$ 3.2 *10^-8 m)
E)( $\pm$ 6.4 *1^-10 m)

Question 77

If the electron (9.11 *10^-31 kg) in the hydrogen atom is traveling at about 2.2 *10⁶ m/s $\pm$ 5%, what is the uncertainty in the electron's position?

A)( $\pm$ 58 µm)
B)( $\pm$ 220 nm)
C)( $\pm$ 130 pm)
D)( $\pm$ 260 pm)
E)( $\pm$ 5.2 fm)

Question 78

Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of an electron (9.11 * 10^-31 kg) that is traveling at 0.100% of the speed of light.

A)218 m
B)1.38 m
C)2.42 pm
D)2.42 nm
E)0.727 mm

Question 79

What is the difference in energy between the two electronic levels in hydrogen that are responsible for the emission line observed at 1282 nm, and to which series does this line belong?

A)1.55 * 10^-19 J, Balmer
B)1.05 * 10^-19 J, Paschen
C)1.55 * 10^-19 J, Paschen
D)1.82 *10^-19 J, Balmer
E)1.82 *10^-19 J, Lyman

Question 80

The energy of a one-electron atom or ion is given by $\left(-2.178 \times 10^{-18} \mathrm{~J}\right) \frac{Z^{2}}{n^{2}}$ where Z is the atomic number of the element.Which one-electron ion below would require the most energy to remove its electron?

A)Li²⁺
B)Be³⁺
C)He⁺
D)B⁴⁺
E)C⁵⁺