Deck 2: Chemical Principles

Question 1

Table 2.1 $${ } _ { 8 } ^ { 16 } \mathrm { O } \quad { } _ { 6 } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } \quad { } _ { 1 } ^ { 1 } \mathrm { H }$$

-Calculate the molecular weight of ethyl alcohol, C?H5OH, using the information in Table 2.1.

A) 33
B) 46
C) 34
D) 96
E) Can't tell

Answer 1

46

Question 2

Which type of molecule never contains a phosphate group?

A) Carbohydrates
B) Nucleic acids
C) Lipids
D) Proteins
E) None of the above

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The antimicrobial drug imidazole inhibits sterol synthesis. This would most likely interfere with

A) Eukaryotic plasma membranes.
B) Genes.
C) Fungal cell walls.
D) Prokaryotic plasma membranes.
E) Bacterial cell walls.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Assume Saccharomyces cerevisiae is grown in a nutrient medium containing the radioisotope ³²P. After 48 hr incubation, the ³²P would most likely be found in the S. cerevisiae's

A) Proteins.
B) Plasma membrane.
C) Water.
D) Cell wall.
E) None of the above.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is not true about the atom ${ }_{8}^{16} \mathrm{O}$ ?

A) It has 8 electrons in its nucleus.
B) Its atomic number is 8.
C) It has 8 protons in its nucleus.
D) Its atomic weight is 16.
E) It has 8 neutrons in its nucleus.

Question 6

Which of the following is the type of bond between molecules of water in a beaker of water?

A) Ionic bond
B) Hydrogen bond
C) Covalent bond

Question 7

What is the type of bond between carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in organic molecules?

A) Covalent bond
B) Hydrogen bond
C) Ionic bond

Question 8

Identify the following reaction: NH4OH "NH₃ + H₂O

A) Reversible reaction
B) Dehydration synthesis reaction
C) Ionic reaction
D) Hydrolysis reaction
E) Exchange reaction

Question 9

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

A) HF? H⁺ + F^--acid
B) H₂SO₄ ?2H⁺ + SO₄^2- - acid
C) MgSO₄ ?Mg²⁺ + SO₄^2- - salt
D) NaOH ?Na⁺ + OH^- - base
E) KH?PO4 ?K⁺ + H₂PO^4- - acid

Question 10

Which of the following is not true about enzymes?

A) Enzymes are made of proteins.
B) Enzymes increase the number of collisions in a chemical reaction.
C) Enzymes are not used up in a reaction.
D) Enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction.
E) None of the above.

Question 11

Identify the following reaction: Sucrose + H₂O -glucose + fructose

A) Dehydration synthesis reaction
B) Covalent reaction
C) Hydrolysis reaction
D) Exchange reaction
E) Reversible reaction

Question 12

Which type of molecule is composed of (CH₂O) units?

A) Nucleic acids
B) Proteins
C) Lipids
D) Carbohydrates
E) None of the above

Question 13

Identify the following reaction: Glycine + lysine ?dipeptide + H?O

A) Hydrolysis reaction
B) Exchange reaction
C) Covalent reaction
D) Dehydration synthesis reaction
E) Reversible reaction

Question 14

What is the type of bond between the hydrogen of one molecule and the nitrogen of another molecule?

A) Ionic bond
B) Hydrogen bond
C) Covalent bond

Question 15

Which of the following is the type of bond holding K+ and I- ions in KI?

A) Covalent bond
B) Ionic bond
C) Hydrogen bond

Question 16

Figure 2.1

In Figure 2.1, which is an ester?

A) a
B) b
C) c
D) d
E) e

Question 17

Figure 2.4

What kind of bond is at the arrow in Figure 2.4?

A) Hydrogen bond
B) Double covalent bond
C) Peptide bond
D) Ionic bond
E) None of the above

Question 18

Figure 2.1

In Figure 2.1, which is an alcohol?

A) a
B) b
C) c
D) d
E) e

Question 19

Which of the following statements is not true about the atom ${ }_{6}^{12} \mathrm{C}$ ?

A) Its atomic weight is 12.
B) It has 6 electrons orbiting the nucleus.
C) Its atomic number is 6.
D) It has 6 protons in its nucleus.
E) It has 12 neutrons in its nucleus.

Question 20

What type of bond is between ions in salt?

A) Covalent bond
B) Ionic bond
C) Hydrogen bond

Question 21

Which of the following is not true?

A) Water is a part of a dehydration reaction.
B) Water freezes from the top down.
C) Water is a polar molecule.
D) Water molecules are formed by hydrolysis.
E) Salts readily dissolve in water.

Question 22

Which type of molecule contains the alcohol glycerol?

A) Proteins
B) Lipids
C) Nucleic acids
D) Carbohydrates
E) None of the above

Question 23

Which of the following statements is not true?

A) Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction.
B) Enzymes are used up in a chemical reaction.
C) Enzymes are made of proteins.
D) Enzymes increase the probability of a reaction.
E) None of the above.

Question 24

What are the type of bonds holding hydrogen and oxygen atoms in the molecule of H₂O?

A) Ionic bond
B) Hydrogen bond
C) Covalent bond

Question 25

Starch, dextran, glycogen, and cellulose are polymers of

A) Glucose.
B) Fatty acids.
C) Amino acids.
D) Nucleic acids.
E) None of the above.

Question 26

Which molecule is composed of a chain of amino acids?

A) Proteins
B) Lipids
C) Carbohydrates
D) Nucleic acids
E) None of the above

Question 27

Identify the following reaction: Lactose + H?O ?glucose + galactose

A) Exchange reaction
B) Dehydration synthesis reaction
C) Reversible reaction
D) Ionic reaction
E) Hydrolysis reaction

Question 28

Table 2.1 $${ } _ { 8 } ^ { 16 } \mathrm { O } \quad { } _ { 6 } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } \quad { } _ { 1 } ^ { 1 } \mathrm { H }$$

-Calculate the number of moles in 92 grams of ethyl alcohol, C?H5OH, using the information in Table 2.1.

A) 4
B) 2
C) 1
D) 3
E) Can't tell

Question 29

Identify the following reaction: HCl + NaHCO₃ ?NaCl + H₂CO₃

A) Ionic reaction
B) Hydrolysis reaction
C) Exchange reaction
D) Dehydration synthesis reaction
E) Reversible reaction

Question 30

Figure 2.1

In Figure 2.1, which is an organic acid?

A) a
B) b
C) c
D) d
E) e

Question 31

Structurally, ATP is most like this type of molecule.

A) Lipids
B) Proteins
C) Carbohydrates
D) Nucleic acids
E) None of the above

Question 32

An E. coli culture that has been growing at 37°C is moved to 25°C. Which of the following changes must be made in its plasma membrane?

A) Increase the number of phosphate groups.
B) Increase the viscosity.
C) Increase the number of unsaturated chains.
D) Increase the number of saturated chains.
E) No changes are necessary.

Question 33

These are the primary molecules making up plasma membranes in cells.

A) Lipids
B) Carbohydrates
C) Nucleic acids
D) Proteins
E) None of the above

Question 34

Figure 2.3

What kind of bond is at the arrow in Figure 2.3?

A) Double covalent bond
B) Peptide bond
C) Hydrogen bond
D) Ionic bond
E) None of the above

Question 35

Table 2.2
Refer to these reactions to answer the question below.

$\begin{array}{l}\mathrm{NaOH} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Na}^{+}+\mathrm{OH}^{-}-\text {base } \\ \mathrm{HF} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}^{+}+\mathrm{F}^{-}-\text {acid } \\ \mathrm{MgSO}_{4} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Mg}^{2+}+\mathrm{SO}_{4}^{2-} \text { - salt } \\ \mathrm{KH}_{2} \mathrm{PO}_{4} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{K}^{+} \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{PO}_{4}^{-} \text {- acid } \\ \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \rightleftharpoons 2 \mathrm{H}^{+}+\mathrm{SO}_{4}^{2-} \text { - salt }\end{array}$


-Which of the following is not true about the reactions in Table 2.2?

A) They are exchange reactions.
B) They occur when the reactants are dissolved in water.
C) They are ionization reactions.
D) They are reversible reactions.
E) They are dissociation reactions.

Question 36

Figure 2.2

Use Figure 2.2 to answer the following question. Archaea differ from bacteria in the composition of the cell membrane lipids. Archaea have ether- bonded lipids shown in (1)__ Figure 2.2 and bacteria have ester- bonded lipids shown in (2)__ in Figure 2.2.

A) 1- b; 2- a
B) 1- a; 2- c
C) 1- c; 2- d
D) 1- b; 2- c
E) None of the above

Question 37

Desulfovibrio bacteria can perform the following reaction: S^6-?S^2- These bacteria are

A) Oxidizing sulfur.
B) Hydrolyzing sulfur.
C) Reducing sulfur.
D) Synthesizing sulfur.

Question 38

Identify the following reaction: Glucose + fructose ?sucrose + water

A) Exchange reaction
B) Dehydration synthesis reaction
C) Ionic reaction
D) Hydrolysis reaction
E) Reversible reaction

Question 39

Which molecule has chemicals in genes?

A) Lipids
B) Carbohydrates
C) Proteins
D) Nucleic acids
E) None of the above

Question 40

Which type of molecule contains - NH₂ groups?

A) Lipids
B) Nucleic acids
C) Proteins
D) Carbohydrates
E) None of the above

Question 41

Identify the following reaction: H?O + CO? ?H?CO₃

A) Hydrolysis reaction
B) Dehydration synthesis reaction
C) Reversible reaction
D) Exchange reaction
E) Covalent reaction

Question 42

Oil- degrading bacteria are naturally present in the environment but cannot degrade an oil spill fast enough to avoid ecological damage. The actions of these bacteria can be speeded up by

A) Adding water.
B) Providing oil for them.
C) Providing sugar as a carbon source.
D) Providing nitrogen and phosphorus.
E) All of the above.

Question 43

Assume Saccharomyces cerevisiae is grown in a nutrient medium containing the radioisotope ³⁵S. After 48 hr incubation, the ³⁵S would most likely be found in the S. cerevisiae's

A) Proteins.
B) Nucleic acids.
C) Water.
D) Lipids.
E) Carbohydrates.