Deck 3: The English Roots of American Policing

Question 1

The duties of the constable included:

A) collecting taxes
B) service in Parliament
C) conducting trials
D) all of the above

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The English eventually established a strong centralized government with elite power concentrated in the Crown.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The contemporary office of Sheriff evolved from:

A) constables
B) magistrates
C) Watchmen
D) Shire Reeves

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Preventive Patrol was attempted in London during the late 18th and early 19th centuries through:

A) Dismounted Horse patrol
B) Mounted Patrol
C) Thames River Police
D) all of the above

Question 5

The British peace officer occupied an uncomfortable position between the government and the citizenry.

Question 6

Utilitarians first tried to respond to rising crime in England through:

A) supporting the idea of preventive patrol
B) separating policing from the courts
C) increasing penalties for crimes
D) all of the above

Question 7

The Police Gazette reported details of known offenders and stolen property.

Question 8

The role of constable was derived from traditions of the:

A) Normans
B) Romans
C) Saxons
D) all of the above

Question 9

The first modern police department in the United States was created in:

A) New York
B) Charleston
C) Boston
D) Philadelphia

Question 10

By the 18th century the office of the constable was overwhelmed by the effects of:

A) public drunkenness
B) industrialism
C) urbanism
D) all of the above

Question 11

Prior to the Norman conquest, the rural population of England was organized into groups for local government, the group was composed of about ten families and called a:

A) manor
B) county
C) shire
D) tything

Question 12

As Bow Street Magistrate, Henry Fielding organized a group of former constables to work to arrest criminals. This group was known as:

A) The Bow Street Runners
B) Fielding's people
C) thief takers
D) all of the above

Question 13

John Fielding started a newsletter about known offenders and offenses called:

A) The Police Gazette
B) The Bow Street Runner
C) Law Enforcement News
D) Crime File

Question 14

The Metropolitan Police Act was finally passed by Parliament:

A) by a narrow margin
B) after lengthy debate
C) over the opposition of the Crown
D) with no opposition

Question 15

The Statute of Westminster (1295) did which of the following?

A) required all adult males to keep weapons
B) reaffirmed the hue and cry
C) established watches in cities
D) all of the above

Question 16

Under the feudal system imposed on England by the Normans, the local representative of the King was:

A) Shire Reeve
B) Lord of the Manor
C) Serjeant of the Peace
D) constable

Question 17

There is evidence that professional police existed in England prior to the 19th century in the form of:

A) constables
B) serjeants of the peace
C) footpads
D) none of the above

Question 18

The "hue and cry" required that English citizens come to the aid of the constable.

Question 19

The development of vigilante groups indicated a willingness to take the law into our own hands.

Question 20

The difference between English and continental traditions of policing are seen in the English:

A) adversary trial
B) tything organization
C) common law
D) all of the above

Question 21

The "father" of modern policing is generally considered to be Henry Fielding.

Question 22

The English established a strong tradition of local control for the police function.

Question 23

Patrick Colquhoun, a Scottish magistrate, was an ardent opponent of the creation of English police.

Question 24

The forerunner to the modern sheriff was the English office of the constable.

Question 25

A major obstacle to the creation of police in England was concern for the rights of Englishmen.

Question 26

During the late 19th century, policing in America spread much like any new fashion.

Question 27

In the southern colonies, the first attempts at creating a police organization were the development of sheriff's offices.

Question 28

Originally, the office of constable was not given much status or respect.

Question 29

Sir Robert Peel hoped that retired military officers would want to be police officers.

Question 30

The first English police were met by general acceptance and respect form the citizens.