Deck 4: Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Question 1

Ticks serve what role in this food web?

A) secondary consumers
B) top predators
C) primary consumers
D) autotrophs
E) parasites

Answer 1

E

Question 2

capture solar energy and use photosynthesis to produce sugars.

A) Detritivores
B) Heterotrophs
C) Secondary consumers
D) Primary consumers
E) Producers

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Microbes in our digestive tract that help us digest food demonstrate a(n)

A) benthic
B) homeopathic
C) allelopathic
D) parasitic
E) symbiotic

Answer 3

E

Question 4

A climax community .

A) is typical of the first stages of secondary succession
B) has the lowest biodiversity of all stages of succession
C) remains in place until a disturbance restarts succession
D) describes aquatic biomes
E) describes terrestrial biomes

Question 5

Taiga and tundra both .

A) have comparatively low temperatures throughout the year
B) have many burrowing rodents
C) lack many birds
D) lack trees
E) are found in the southeastern United States

Question 6

A species' realized niche .

A) is never really realized because it isn't real
B) is the portion of a species' niche that is "taken over" by competing species
C) cannot be smaller than its fundamental niche
D) is the niche that a species realizes/experiences in the absence of competition
E) cannot be larger than its fundamental niche

Question 7

Grazing animals such as deer are .

A) producers
B) detritivores
C) primary consumers
D) secondary consumers
E) parasites

Question 8

Which biome would be found primarily in the temperate zone?

A) boreal forest
B) tundra
C) deciduous forest
D) desert
E) savanna

Question 9

Temperature remains relatively stable through the year in what biome?

A) temperate grassland
B) temperate deciduous forest
C) boreal forest
D) tropical rainforest
E) chaparral

Question 10

Competitive exclusion occurs as a result of _ _.

A) resource partitioning
B) intraspecific competition
C) parasitism
D) interspecific competition
E) predation

Question 11

A community may undergo a regime shift or a phase shift when .

A) pollutants cause a rapid rise in mutations
B) it loses a keystone species or suffers a major climatic change
C) it has too many symbiotic relationships among species
D) it suffers a natural fire or flood
E) all invasive and exotic species are removed

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE about top predators?

A) They are often keystone species.
B) Their removal increases biodiversity.
C) They are likely to be producers.
D) They include bacteria and fungi.
E) They are likely to be herbivores.

Question 13

Benthic organisms in the Great Lakes .

A) include phytoplankton
B) live near the water's surface
C) are harmed by the presence of zebra mussels
D) benefit from the presence of zebra mussels
E) include zooplankton but not phytoplankton

Question 14

By definition, herbivores _.

A) break down leaf litter
B) are photosynthetic
C) consume autotrophs
D) eat primary consumers
E) consume heterotrophs

Question 15

Secondary succession _.

A) requires primary succession to precede it
B) typically begins with lichen or moss colonizing rock
C) occurs after a fire or flood
D) is predictable because it always ends in the formation of a climax community
E) occurs after a volcano spreads lava across a landscape

Question 16

Character displacement can result from all of the following EXCEPT .

A) intraspecific competition
B) natural selection
C) resource partitioning
D) interspecific competition
E) the use of limited resources by multiple species

Question 17

Fish that eat zooplankton are _ _.

A) primary consumers
B) detritivores
C) secondary consumers
D) producers
E) herbivores

Question 18

By definition, parasites

A) never kill
B) kill
C) are much smaller than their host.
D) get nourishment from and harm
E) live on the external surface of

Question 19

Because of the rainshadow effect, .

A) a dry region occurs on the downwind side of a mountain
B) rainfall fluctuates, arriving in equal amounts on both sides
C) the wet region is determined by the location of jet stream
D) a dry region occurs on the windward side of a mountain
E) rainfall varies, but always falls in shadow areas

Question 20

Desert and tundra both .

A) have relatively low precipitation
B) lack insects
C) lack shrubs
D) have rich soils, although the climate is such that very little grows
E) have permafrost deep underground

Question 21

Detritivores include .

A) species that can break down cellulose, bone, and other durable biopolymers
B) algae and photosynthetic bacteria
C) millipedes and soil insects
D) wolves and lions
E) oak and poplar trees

Question 22

The energy content and biomass of

A) top carnivores
B) primary consumers is lowest in a terrestrial food web.
C) small carnivores such as spiders and lizards
D) detritivores and decomposers
E) producers

Question 23

The relationship between flowering plants and bees is best described as .

A) herbivory
B) parasitism
C) mutualism
D) competition
E) predation

Question 24

Which of the following biomes is experiencing the greatest temperature increases resulting from global climate change?

A) chaparral
B) tropical rainforest
C) Arctic tundra
D) temperature deciduous forest
E) temperate grassland

Question 25

Given the ratio shown in the figure, approximately how many hawks would be sustained by a large grassland that contains 100,000 grasshoppers?

A) 10
B) 10,000
C) 100
D) 1
E) 1,000

Question 26

The Everglades restoration project in Florida _.

A) seeks to exterminate numerous invasive fish species and plants
B) is a short -term restoration project with a two -year implementation plan
C) will probably destroy much of the commercial fishing in the area
D) is restoring natural levels of water flow by undoing numerous channeling and drainage projects
E) will result in serious depletion of drinking water supplies for humans in south Florida

Question 27

A trophic cascade is the effect of the loss of

A) detritivores; the abundance of decomposers
_ on _ _.
B) top consumers; the abundance of lower consumers and producers
C) producers; the abundance of primary consumers
D) top consumers; one another
E) flooding; terrestrial ecosystems